豎形式 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [shùxíngshì]
豎形式
英文
vertical format-
Based on the close analysis of the influence factors of the vertical bearing capacity, circular aperture extension theory is employed to establish the computing formulas for the pile vertical stress and the foundation vertical bearing capacity, respectively. moreover, with analyzing the features of the calculation parameters such as materials of gunite mortar, jet pressure, diameter of the jet pipe, pile length, pile layout, a design theory for chemical churning pile composite foundation is proposed. then, the variation of the pipe deformation with loads, the deformation coordination of pile and soil are studied
在此基礎上深入探討了旋噴樁的樁土受力特性及其復合地基的加固機理，從影響旋噴樁復合地基豎向承載力的因素入手，基於圓孔擴張理論給出了樁體豎向應力及旋噴樁復合地基的豎向承載力計算公式;通過對噴射漿液、噴射壓力選取、噴射直徑估算、樁長及樁位設計等各種計算參數的深入分析和研究，提出了一套相應的旋噴樁復合地基設計計算方法;通過計算分析，深入探討了旋噴樁復合地基變形隨荷載變化規律、樁和樁間土變形協調關系、樁土應力比及復合地基壓縮模量的確定，並提出相應的設計方法和修正參數;此外，結合工程應用，對旋噴樁復合地基的施工技術及其現場質量檢測方法進行了較全面的探討。According to the types, height and fireproof grade of the buildings, four basic ringed arrangements are brought up, namely the ringed arrangemensts of branch lines, the ringed arrangements of cross mains, the ringed arrangements of feed mains and the ringed arrangements of fire waterhead. on the basis of analyzing the means, characteristic and applicability of the four basic ringed arrangements, several practicality ringed arrangements are brought up, namely the ringed arrangements of branch lines and cross mains, the ringed arrangements of cross mains and feed mains, the ringed arrangements of branch lines and feed mains, the vertical ringed arrangements of feed mains and the ringed arrangements of sprinkler system in the abnormity buildings
根據建築物的類型、高度和防火等級等因素，提出配水支管環狀、配水幹管環狀、立管環狀和消防水源環狀這四種基本環狀形式，分析了四種環狀管網的環狀布置方法、特點和適用性。在此基礎上又提出了支管與干管環狀、干管與立管環狀、支管與立管環狀、立管豎向環狀以及不規則區域環狀等幾種實用的環狀形式。In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively
本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。To meet the demands for large space and flexible compartmentation of buildings, laminated vierendeel trusses are adopted in high - position transfer story structures. first the bearing characteristics are analyzed, in which reasonable stiffness ratio of the upper chord, middle chord, and lower chord is derived. then combined with an actual engineering model ( 1 8 similar ratio ), the static loading and pseudo - dynamic tests of two models for laminated vierendeel truss used in transfer story structures are conducted, in which one model adopts reinforced concrete, and the other adopts prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete. seismic behaviors are analyzed, including inter - story displacement, base shear - displacement skeleton curves, and equivalent viscosity - damping curves. a program is programmed to carry out the elasto - plastic dynamic analysis, and displacement time - history curves of the two models are derived. the test and analysis results show that the laminated vierendeel truss with prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete has excellent seismic behaviors. it can solve the disadvantages of laminated vierendeel trusses used in transfer story structures. finally, some design suggestions are put forward, which can be referenced by similar engineering
為滿足建築物大空間和靈活隔斷要求，在高位轉換層結構中採用迭層空腹桁架結構.首先分析了其受力性能，得出了空腹桁架各構件合理的截面剛度以及布局形式.然後結合一實際工程，進行了兩榀迭層空腹桁架轉換結構模型（ 1 : 8相似比）的豎向荷載下靜力試驗以及擬動力試驗.其中一榀為普通混凝土迭層空腹桁架，另一榀配置了預應力和鋼骨混凝土，對比分析了兩模型的層間位移比、骨架曲線以及等效粘質阻力系數等抗震性能的比較，並進行了彈塑性動力分析.試驗和分析結果表明，配置預應力和型鋼混凝土的迭層空腹桁架轉換結構具有良好的抗震性能，可以成功地解決迭層空腹桁架作為轉換層結構所產生的弊端問題，最後對這類轉換層結構提出了相應的設計建議The linear elastic slope deflection equations of gable portal frames when occur the side - sway and non - sway buckling are derived. the equations considere the rafter slope and the vertical uniform loading subjected on the rafter. the established equations of non - sway buckling can consider the effect of snap change effect of gable frame
推導了山形門式剛架有側移失穩和無側移失穩的線彈性位移方程，方程考慮了斜梁傾角和斜樑上豎向均布荷載的影響;建立了能考慮山形門式剛架跨變效應的無側移失穩位移方程。It is proved that, like the two state case, a family of homogeneous measurable tri - point tausition functions with three states have also three types : level constant type, vertical constant type, parameters symmetric type
摘要本文證明了與兩狀態一樣，三狀態三點齊次可測轉移函數族也只有三種形式：水平常值型，豎直常值型，參數對稱型。The two different boundary conditions considered are simply supported and fixed end support, and the different damage forms ( crack characteristics ) are investigated by numerical experiments
對不同的邊界條件（如簡支梁和固端梁）下不同的損傷形式（如豎直裂縫和斜裂縫）引起結構損傷的情況進行試驗。Secondly, from the ways of vertical resistant structural systems, floor structure systems, preserving systems, craftwork systems, and so on, this paper further analyses the appropriate steel structural technologies for tall buildings in above ways, and puts forward the strategies on how to combine steel structural technologies with tall building ' s plan forms, spaces, shape, details and so on
論文進一步對鋼結構體系高層建築適宜技術涉及到的豎向結構系統、樓蓋系統、防護技術、材料技術以及工藝技術等具體內容作了分析研究，並歸納出了鋼結構高層建築各系統相應的適宜技術；提出了結合適宜技術的鋼結構體系高層建築平面模式、建築空間形式與利用、藝術造型與表現、細部技術與藝術處理等設計策略。At the same time, the steel truss with cross diagonal web members, without vertical web member, is the best project to transfer a big span structure
同時，研究發現有交叉斜腹桿而無豎腹桿的鋼桁架結構形式是實現大跨度、大柱網轉換的優選方案。And, the applicable conditions and the merits and shortcomings of every kind of subarea forms are compared according to the plane and vertical arrangements of buildings, water supplying pressure of cities, water tanks or pressure stabilization devices installed in buildings, working states of fire pumps and working pressure of the vertical systems and sprinkler numbers
同時，根據建築物的平面和豎向布置、城市管網的供水壓力、水箱或穩壓裝置的設置情況、水泵工作狀態、豎向系統工作壓力要求和噴頭數進行各種系統分區，討論各種分區形式的適用條件、優缺點。It is necessary to carry on abnormal design, that is to disposal transfer floor structure where vertical structure changes. upside smaller room and downside larger room to stagger axes of high - rising buildings. or upside shear - wall and downside frame to meet difference of structure systems
當高層建築下部豎向結構體系或形式與上部樓層差異較大，或者下部樓層豎向結構軸線距離擴大或上、下部結構軸線錯位時，就必須在結構改變的樓層布置水平轉換層結構，進行「反常規設計」 ，將上部布置小空間，下部布置大空間；上部布置剛度大的剪力墻，下部布置剛度小的框架柱，以滿足建築功能的要求。This argument can be exemplified by the fact that excellent thinking and methods and handy arabic numbers were not totally introduced into china during the introduction of the western mathematics, while the chinese - style writing numbers downward from the top was still adopted ; that good thinking and approaches in the chinese mathematics like thinking and approaches via mechanization were not further developed and enhanced during the excavation and arranging of the chinese traditional mathematics
如在引進西洋數學時，沒有把西洋數學中優秀的思想方法和便於書寫的阿拉伯數碼全部引進來，而是採用中文數字的豎寫形式；在挖掘、整理中國傳統數學時，沒有把中國數學中好的思想方法，如機械化思想方法進一步發揚和推進。Contrast with the results, the dissertation concludes that the axial loads of column have no essential variation, the variations of moments and shear forces of column are small under horizontal loads in contrast with the structure system in elastic ground, the moments and shear forces variation of column cannot be neglected, and the structure system with different foundation have the close degree variation
通過對比分析，本文認為水平力作用下交錯桁架體系柱的軸力基本不變，彎距及剪力響應數值變化不大。豎直荷載作用下，與彈性地基計算結果比較，彎矩及剪力均存在不可忽略的變化，且不同形式基礎其影響的程度基本相近。Considering the characteristics of internal force and structures of simply supported pc bridges, a novel automatically step - up method ( asum ), taking into account the influence of steel arrangement, steel ratio, stress losses of tendons and time - dependent concrete modulus, to analyze creep and shrinkage effects is presented. this method accepts all kinds of expressions of creep and shrinkage, and it is easy to calculate total stress, strain of concrete and steel and deflection of bridge at any time, the expected prediction accuracy will be obtained by further dividing the time - step within duration
首先，針對預應力混凝土簡支梁橋的受力特徵和構造特點，提出了徐變效應分析的全量形式自動遞進法，可考慮截面上鋼筋位置、配筋率、預應力鋼筋鬆弛、混凝土彈性模量隨時間變化等影響，且計算式可適用於任何形式的收縮、徐變特性表達式；建立的公式可方便地求解任意時刻混凝土、鋼筋的應力與應變和跨中梁體的豎向變形，計算精度可方便地通過計算時段的細分來控制，直至給出滿意的結果。Steel structure of light - weight buildings with gabled frames is a widely used steel structural style in china at present. this paper starts with the deficiency of the specificaion in calculating the effective length factors of gable portal frames. when the gable portal frame subjected to the vertical uniform loading, it conducts the arch effect ? 1. rafter axial force is large when the slope of rafter is big
門式剛架輕型房屋鋼結構體系是目前廣泛應用的一種結構形式，本文從規范中門式剛架柱的計算長度系數取值的不足出發，針對山形門式剛架在豎向均布荷載作用下產生的拱效應? ? 1 、斜梁傾角較大時產生較大的梁內軸力; 2 、產生跨變效應; 3 、高跨比較小的山形門式剛架會發生躍越失穩，採用整體分析的方法對山形門式剛架的穩定進行了分析。Besides, with stated heightand brendth ratio, acted on by horizontal and vertical load, the ultimate loads of wall failed in bending - shear is similar to one failed in shear. the walls crack form is indefinite. we ca n ' t define consolidate menthod only by the crack from
另外，一定高寬比的磚墻在豎向與水平荷載聯合作用下，當彎剪破壞與剪切破壞的極限荷載比較接近時，其破壞形式具有不定性不能簡單地以裂縫形式確定加固方案。It is found by comparison that as the structural forms of special - shaped columns and short - shear walls are used, the structures should be arranged reasonably so as to meet the needs of lateral stiffness, and axial compression ratio should be controlled strictly so as to meet the needs of constructional reinforcement to prevent the probably curling and shear failure for the purpose of meeting the needs of the construction of small high - buildings
對比討論發現：採用鋼筋混凝土異形柱和短肢剪力墻的結構形式時，應當進行合理的結構布置以滿足結構整體抗側移剛度的要求，同時嚴格控制豎向構件軸壓比並滿足配筋構造以防止構件可能出現的翹曲和剪切破壞，這樣才能同時滿足小高層住宅對建築和結構的需要。This paper analyzes and designs the big - space rc thin shear wall residential structure, ! ! includes designs and analysis for shear walls by method of material mechanics and related software, columns, it is designed and analyzed for beams and slabs by theory of elastic and method of moment index, but it is principal for beams and slabs to compute deformation and crack. at last it is compared with three structrual types, although the cast of new structrual types is higher than marnoey structre. it has some merits. lt gives the theory base for design of resident
本文對大開間鋼筋砼薄壁剪力墻節能住宅結構進行了相應的結構分析設計；對豎向承重結構構件剪力墻、柱採用了材料力學分析方法及相應的軟體進行了內力分析及設計；對水平承重結構構件梁、板進行了內力分析及設計，主要進行了變形、裂縫的計算；對節能墻體進行設計；最後對三種住宅結構形式進行了建築經濟比較分析，雖然新型住宅結構高於磚混結構住宅，但新型住宅結構具有一些優點。Answer 7 : the vertical elevations of existing lines remain, while those of planned lines can be determined according to the buildings on the ground and underground space conditions
答：現有軌道交通的豎向標高維持現狀不變；規劃軌道交通線路的豎向標高可結合地上建築及地下空間形式統籌進行考慮。The paper gave 10 basic modes of water supply according to vertical division block and the key equipment in the block division, and it also discuss the performance of every mode. the modes can be expanded and fit together in the practice of engineering according to the difference of buildings " construction
以豎向分區和分區採用得的關鍵設備將給水方式分成了10種基本形式，討論了每種形式的性能，在實際工程中可根據建築物結構的不同進行組合和擴展。分享友人