負溫度特性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fùwēndùtèxìng]
負溫度特性 英文
negative temperature characteristic
  • 負 : Ⅰ名詞1 （負擔） burden; load 2 （虧損） loss 3 （失敗） defeat Ⅱ動詞1 [書面語] （背） carry on th...
  • 溫 : Ⅰ形容詞（不冷不熱） warm; lukewarm; hot; gentle; mild Ⅱ名詞1 （溫度） temperature 2 （瘟） acute ...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 特 : Ⅰ形容詞（特殊; 超出一般） particular; special; exceptional; unusual Ⅱ副詞1 （特別） especially; v...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 溫度 : [物理學] temperature
  • 特性 : characteristic（s）; character; performance; features; properties; behaviour; response; character...
  1. Presents the steady - state programming with constant coolant average temperature and constant live steam pressure, an ideal programming for marine nuclear power plant ( npp ), under which, both the coolant average temperature and the live steam pressure of nuclear steam supply system ( nsss ) are constant when the steady state operating condition is varied, and points out that in comparison with the steadysate programming with constant coolant average temperature, the ideal programming can improve the overall operating performance of npp effectively, especially in low - load range, for instance, raise the heat efficiency of npp, decrease the operating noise of main coolant pump, and improve the conditions of design, operation and control of the secondary loop system

    雙恆定運行方案是船用壓水堆核動力裝置的理想運行方案.在這種運行方案下，當裝置穩態功率變化時，冷卻劑平均溫度與蒸汽壓都保持不變，與通常採用的冷卻劑平均溫度恆定運行方案相比，有效地改善了核動力裝置的總體運行性能，特別是在低負荷運行時，可以提高裝置經濟性、降低主泵運行噪聲、改善二迴路系統的設計、運行和控制條件，這對于提高船用核動力裝置的運行可靠性和安全性具有實際意義
  2. It ' s the first time to explore the combustion characteristics of lpg / diesel mixing fuel engine, and find that, with the change of load and rotation, the changing trend of the ignition delay period of e10 mixing fuel is almost as identical as that of the diesel, but that of e30 mixing fuel is very different. comparing with diesel, the combustion of e10 is improved slightly, but that of e30 greatly changes ; the maximum eruptive pressure decreases ; the maximum pressure increase rate decreases ; the highest releasing heat rate increases ; the highest combustion temperature falls ; the ignition delay period extends

    結果表明: e10混合燃料與柴油的著火滯燃期隨負荷和轉速的變化趨勢基本一致; e30混合燃料與柴油則有所不同; eio混合燃料發動機的燃燒與純柴油相比，略有改善; e30混合燃料的燃燒特性發生明顯的變化，最高爆發壓力下降，最大壓力升高率減小，最大燃燒放熱率增大，最高燃燒溫度下降，滯燃期延長。
  3. The typical performance characteristics include : line and load transient response, efficiency, output voltage ripple, quiescent current, maximum load current, output voltage temperature characteristics and the short

    其中，整體模擬指標包括:晶元線性調整率和負載調整率、轉換效率、輸出電壓紋波、晶元靜態電流、最大負載電流、輸出電壓溫度特性及短路負載電流。
  4. We think increase of the internal resistance of battery is the main problem to the recycle life deteriorating at high rate, besides the influence of the materials. decomposition occurred on positive and negative electrode at high rate current and the interspaces increased. the restrains of swelling and the increase of an oxygen overvoltage can improve the performance of recycle life

    對于電池性能衰減的原因，認為除了所使用的材料是影響電池性能的重要因素之外，在溫度和大電流作用下，電池的正負極材料發生裂解，極片內空隙增大，電池內阻性能惡化是引起電池高倍率循環性能惡化的關鍵;通過抑制正極析氧和膨脹，並降低負極合金材料的粉化過程，將有望緩解電池內阻特性的惡化，從而提高電池高倍率充放電循環性能。
  5. According to negative temperature coefficient of vbe and positive temperature coefficient of vt, a framework of band - gap voltage reference is investigated. the reference offer a source of pir, distributed three voltage, one as upper - threshold voltage of dual - threshold comparator, the other as lower - threshold voltage of comparator, the other as direct current voltage for second band - pass filter amplifier

    同時利用pnp晶體管發射結電壓的負溫度特性和發射結差值電壓的正溫度特性設計了一個帶隙基準電壓源。此帶隙基準電壓源本身作為熱釋電紅外傳感器的電源電壓，同時分壓提供雙限電壓比較器的上限電平和下限電平以及第二級帶通濾波放大器的直流電平。
  6. But it will affect the airflow organization with the cooled airflow drops. also, it studies the impact of solar radiation on displacement ventilation and cooled ceiling system. horizontal warm areas lowers the height of thermocline and is unfavorable to displacement ventilation system ; vertical hot surfaces will destroy the thermal stratification

    水平熱表面的存在，會使系統的溫躍層高度降低，對置換通風系統會有負面影響，為了減小水平熱表面的影響，對于地板材料應該選擇對長波輻射吸收較低的物質;垂直局部熱表面的存在會破壞置換通風系統溫度分層的特性，使垂直方向溫度變化減小。
  7. In the present paper, according to the characteristics of the dynamic running of the thermoelectric refrigerating devices and its components for the refrigerator is analyzed and the independent components " models are established. the entire model describing the working procedure of the refrigerating system is set up with the method of parameters coupling to combine the models of the refrigerating system, load, cabinet and air in the cabinet. the running characteristics of thermoelectric refrigerators on the effects of received current, load and ambient temperature are investigated using small - signal linearization method

    本文根據熱電製冷系統動態運行的特點，分析了電冰箱製冷系統及各個部件的熱物理過程，運用參數耦合的方法把製冷系統、負載、箱體及箱內空氣模型有機地結合在一起，建立了完整的製冷系統工作過程模型，用小階躍信號線性化法分析了電流、負載功率和環境溫度波動共同作用下的熱電製冷器工作特性。
  8. The same with normal metal film, fe0. 3cu0. 7 ( 500nm ) granular film have positive coefficient of temperature. the negative resistance is observed in fexcu ( 1 - x ) granular film under certain condition. this characteristic of negative resistance is weakened or changed to positive with the change of thickness of film, ratio of fe atom to cu atom, anneal, test temperature

    N ） fecu顆粒膜月一i特性研究發現，極小電流下電阻測量具有不確定性； fe cu矚00川）顆粒膜己與普通金屬薄膜一樣，具有正的溫度系數； f民c山x顆粒膜在一定條件下存在負阻現象，並且隨顆粒膜厚度、鐵銅原子比、退火條件、溫度的改變分別存在負阻特性的減弱或向正阻特性的轉變。
  9. On - line monitoring of hvcb is the precondition of predicting maintenance, is the key element of reliable run, and is the important supplement to the traditional off - line preventive maintenance in fact, the faults are made by hvcb, no matter in number or in times, is over 60 % of total faults so it has determinative importance for improving the reliability of power supply and this can greatly decrease the capital waste used by - dating overhaul in this paper, the inspecting way of hvcb mechanism characteristic is discussed the concept of sub - circuit protector is presented, the scheme that we offered has been combined with sub - circuit integrality monitoring theory, to ensure that it has the two functions as a whole according the shut - off times at rated short circuit given by hvcb manufacturer, the electricity longevity loss can be calculated in each operation, and the remained longevity can be forecast too an indirect way for calculating main touch ' s temperature by using breaker shell temperature, air circumference temperature and breaker ' s heat resistance is improved in this paper, and main touch resistance can be calculated if providing the load current msp430, a new single chip microcomputer made by ti company, is engaged to develop the hardware system of the on - line monitoring device, and special problem brought by the lower supply voltage range of this chip is considered fully

    高壓斷路器所造成的事故無論是在次數，還是在事故所造成的停電時間上都占據總量60以上。因此，及時了解斷路器的工作狀態對提高供電可靠性有決定性意義；並可以大大減少盲目定期檢修帶來的資金浪費。本文論述了斷路器機械特性參數監測方法；提出了二次迴路保護器的概念，並將跳、合閘線圈完整性監視和二次迴路保護結合起來，給出具有完整性監視功能的二次迴路保護器實現方案；根據斷路器生產廠家提供的斷路器額定短路電流分斷次數，計算每次分閘對應的觸頭電壽命損耗，預測觸頭電壽命；提出根據斷路器殼體溫度和斷路器周圍空氣溫度結合斷路器熱阻來計算斷路器主觸頭穩態溫升的方法，並根據此時的負荷電流間接計算主觸頭迴路的電阻；在硬體電路設計上，採用美國ti公司最新推出的一種功能強大的單片機msp430 ，並充分考慮該晶元的適用電壓范圍給設計帶來的特殊問題；在通信模塊的設計中，解決了不同工作電壓晶元之間的介面問題，並給出了直接聯接的接線方案。
  10. The device structure and physical models of 4h - sic mosfet and mesfet are built and the properties are simulated with the use of medici software. the influence of the temperature and structure parameter on the device ' s properties is summarized indicates that no negative resistance exists in breakdown property and the breakdown voltage is up to 85v and 209v separately. the maximum power density of 4h - sic mesfet is as high as 19. 22w / mm. at the same time, the processes of sic field - effect transistor is studied and the fabrication processes suitable to sic mosfet are developed.

    論文分析建立了4h - sicmosfet和mesfet器件的結構模型和物理模型，採用二維器件模擬軟體medici對4h - sicmosfet和mesfet的輸出特性進行了模擬分析，研究了溫度和結構參數對器件特性的影響，表明兩種器件的擊穿特性均沒有負阻現象，擊穿電壓分別達到85v和209v ，由此得到4h - sicmesfet最大功率密度可達到19 . 22w mm ；同時，研究了sic場效應晶體管的製作工藝，初步得到了一套製造sicmosfet器件的製造工藝流程，研製出了4h - sicmosfet器件。
  11. Starting from the frozen food and refrigeration principles and using comparative analysis method, we get conclusions that in the blow - frozen device, the open - mode, cold - quantity reclaim, low - press, direct - cooling air, absorbing - heat air cycle have the most significant reductions in food freeze dry cost, food hygiene, devices delicate, organizating air stream, non - electrical heat, high efficiency and safe refrigeration etc. the cold - cumulating and dryness tin is the equipment which applys the store - release characteristic of cold - cumulating stuff, ensures the higher efficiency of open - mode cold - quantity reclaim low - press direct - cooling air, shoulders conveyance of the saturated and frozen air to frozen storeroom to reduce dry cost of food and dry the cycling air to ensure safe and reliable

    從食品冷凍和製冷原理入手，用對比分析方式得到了在吹風式凍結裝置中，開式回冷低壓直接冷卻吸熱循環空氣製冷機具有最大幅度降低食品凍結乾耗、確保食品冷凍安全、系統簡單、凍結庫小巧、氣流易於組織、無電機熱量、效率較高和製冷安全等結論。蓄冷乾燥器是通過蓄冷材料的蓄?釋冷特性，來保證開式回冷低壓直接冷卻吸熱循環空氣製冷機具有較高的效率，同時蓄冷乾燥器還擔負著輸送飽和低溫空氣至凍結庫以降低食品凍結乾耗和乾燥循環空氣以確保整機安全可靠工作的主要設備。
  12. The working condition of nylon shaft liner is determined by many factors, for example : the different formula, shaping technique, the design of shaft liner, installation method, loading features, running speed, lubricant condition, the working environment of shaft liner temperature, humidity and the influence of impurity, abrasion when working etc. so, when designing shaft liner, it is necessary to take consideration of all conditions

    鑄型尼軸套的許用工作情況是由很多因素決定的，例如不同配方和成型工藝所制得的材料物理機械性能，軸套的設計裝配方法，負載特點，運轉速度，潤滑情況，軸套的工作環境溫度濕度雜質的影響，工作時的摩擦條件，對磨材料的性能等。因此，在設計軸套時，應綜合考慮各個方面的因素。
  13. This software are compiled in vc + + computer language. the main function of the application is to calculate the load limitation of an air - cooling steam turbine - generator set under distinct flux of cooling water, environmental temperature and environmental wind speed, and the back pressure safeguard curve of the target steam turbine are considered

    應用軟體以vc + +為開發平臺，考慮了特定汽輪機組的背壓保護曲線，通過計算空冷系統的熱力特性，實時給出當前環境溫度和環境風速以及循環水流量下機組的上限負荷，從而指導機組的運行。
  14. To meet the need of timely and accurate acquaint and analysis of the power plant fuel consumption in the reform of power industry in china, studies in this paper were mainly focused on the following several aspects : online calculation of the thermal economical performance of boiler, steam turbine and heat system was discussed and studied, and the dynamic relationship between real - time unit

    本論文從機組的熱力特性和負荷因素出發，深入地探究了火電廠的實時負荷與煤耗量的依變關系，通過計算程序得出其變化曲線；然後進一步計算出年、月、日的煤耗量，為燃料部門的購煤提供依據，以便及時做出購煤的計劃；同時分析環境溫度、煤質變化對機組煤耗量的影響。
  15. And, the coefficient of heat conduction, temperature rise and fall in shelter chamber experiment are made, the result shows the stable plate heat conduction method is applicable, the integration of experience formula for calculation of heat and cool load and experiment analysis is suitable for design and validation of temperature in shelter chamber, the integration can nicely reflect the condition of microclimate temperature in shelter chamber, and have importance reference value for research of microclimate condition in shelter chamber. at last, in article the comparison is made between the felt techniques and foam techniques of the laminate plates, and improved manufacture techniques of composite laminate is brought forward. the experiment indicates the improved techniques can ensure the structure strength and heat preservation and insulation performance

    基於軍用醫療方艙特殊的微環境使用要求，運用穩定平壁傳熱分析方法建立了軍用醫療方艙鋁塑復合夾層大板傳熱系數理論計算模型，對軍用醫療方艙鋁-聚氨酯-鋁復合夾層大板材料隔熱保溫性能進行了理論分析；運用經驗分析方法進行了冷熱負荷計算分析；並對兩計算採用傳熱系數和艙室升溫、降溫試驗進行了對比試驗研究，結果表明穩定平壁傳熱分析方法計算傳熱系數方法可行，為方艙鋁塑夾層大板的隔熱保溫結構和性能設計提供重要依據，並準確表徵艙室內部微環境溫度條件，對軍用醫療方艙艙室微環境設計提供參考。
  16. This article emphatically discussed and analyzed following points : load command feed forward function can improve the rapid respond character of steam turbine generator ; lead of load command have advance control function on boiler main control and can highly improve the stability of main steam pressure ; the use of predict control and state space variable function can improve the quality of boiler steam temperature control effectively, control the steam temperature in the defined range and increase the boiler and turbine life and efficiency even if working state changed in a big range ; linear compensation can restrain the vibration of generator load in the condition of big loa d change

    本文重點討論、分析提出負荷指令前饋作用可以提高汽輪發電機快速響應特性；負荷指令的導前功能對鍋爐主控有超前控製作用，能顯著提高主蒸汽壓力的穩定性；採用預測及狀態空間法能有效改進鍋爐蒸汽溫度控製品質，在大幅度工況變化下仍有效控制蒸汽溫度在額定范圍內，提高鍋爐、汽輪機壽命及其效率；汽輪發電機組的快速響應性與汽輪發電機組負荷振蕩問題間的平衡關系，採用線性補償可以有效抑制在負荷變化梯度較大情況下發電機負荷振蕩問題。
  17. The results showed that the 11 measured cooking and eating quality properties and taste value have manium significance genetic difference ; among the cooking and eating quality properties, varietal variation coefficent of gel consistency, peak viscosity, break down, setback is relatively large ; every cooking quality property has a different correlation with eating quality property, initial pasting temperature, finial viscosity, consistency and setback have significant or maximum significant inverse correlation with taste value, while peak viscosity, break down has a postive correlation with taste value, amylose content and protein content are inversely related to taste value, but gel consistency are positively related to taste value another, the correlation among varietal cooking and eating quality properties is significant or maximum significant ; in the analysis of principal components, the cumulative percent of 4 selected principal components reached 90. 58 %, initial pasting temperature of large second principal components is small, but amylose content and protein content is high, finial viscosity, consistency are large

    結果表明，所測定的11項蒸煮食味品質特性及味度值在供試品種間均存在著極顯著的遺傳差異；在蒸煮食味品質特性中，膠稠度、最高粘度、下降粘度值、粘滯峰消減值的品種間變異系數較大；糊化開始溫度、最終粘度、回冷粘滯性恢復值、粘滯峰消減值與味度值呈顯著或極顯著的負相關，而最高粘度、下降粘度值與味度值呈極顯著的正相關，直鏈澱粉和蛋白質含量與味度值呈負相關，而膠稠度與味度值呈正相關；在主成分分析中，被入選的4個主成分的貢獻率達90 58 ，其中第二主成分大的品種，糊化開始溫度低，直鏈澱粉和蛋白質含量高，最終粘度和回冷粘滯性恢復值大。
  18. ( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test

    在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。
  19. The theoretical analysis of large cryocondensation pump for nbi was mainly concerned. this paper emphasized on analyzing and calculating the heat load of cryocondensation pump, simulating thermal transmission coefficient and molecule transmission coefficient of radiation baffle according to monte carlo method, analyzing the process on cryo - surface and the factor of affecting pumping speed and hydrogen layer thickness of influencing cryo - parameter, etc. finally by verifying the pumping speed on large cryocondensation pump for neutral beam injection system, the pumping speed of 4. 0x105l / s ( for h2 ) was proven to be reasonable

    本文首先介紹了中性束注入系統的國內外發展狀況，闡述了中科院等離子體所ht - 7中性束注入系統的構成，主要對用於中性束注入系統的大型低溫冷凝泵的特性進行了理論分析；對冷凝抽氣面的熱負載進行了分析計算；用蒙特卡羅法對輻射擋板的分子傳輸幾率與熱傳輸幾率進行了模擬計算；研究了低溫表面的處理方法對抽速的影響以及氫層厚度對各低溫參數的影響；最後對用於中性束注入系統的大型低溫冷凝泵的抽速進行了驗證，得出的結論是：選取40萬升秒的抽速是合理的。
  20. This subject is a research about manufacturing silicon magnetic - transistor with rectangle - plank cubic construction on silicon surface by mems technology, meanwhile it also makes a experiment - research on characteristic of silicon magnetic - transistor manufactured experiment expresses that silicon magnetic - transistor with rectangle plank cubic construction which is made by mems technology owns many virtues, which are as follows : first, stronger v - i characteristic curves and higher magnetic sensitivity ( collector current magnetic sensitivity of sample can achieve to 227 % / t ), second, lower negative - temperature coefficient that is small

    本課題主要研究採用mems技術在矽片上製作矩形板狀立體結構硅磁敏三極體，並對製作的硅磁敏三極體樣品基本特性進行實驗研究。實驗結果表明本課題採用mems技術設計、製作的矩形板狀立體結構的硅磁敏三極體樣品具有較理想的伏安特性曲線、具有較高的磁靈敏度（樣品集電極電流磁靈敏度可達227 / t ） 、具有負溫度系數且溫度系數較小、在磁場一定時i _ c i _ b線性關系較好等優點。
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