赤字國債 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [chìzìguózhài]
赤字國債 英文
deficit covering national bond
  • 赤 : Ⅰ形容詞1. （紅色） red 2. （忠誠） loyal; sincere; single-hearted 3. （光著; 裸露） bare Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 字 : Ⅰ名詞1 （文字） character; word 2 （字音） pronunciation 3 （字體） form of a written or printed ...
  • 國 : Ⅰ名詞1 （國家） country; nation; state 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞1 （代表國家的） national; of ...
  • 債 : 名詞（欠別人的錢） debt; loan
  • 赤字 : [經] （支出多於收入） deficit
  • 國債 : national debt; government loan
  1. At the same time, economic crisis, financial deficit and other factors such as burden of debts reduced greatly the governments " ability to invest and borrow money, private sources funds again were sought to cover up the capital shortage. on the other hand, some international consortia were looking for ways to invest for the purpose of maximum of profit. hence some international contracting companies and experienced developing countries began their trial to promote private ownership and operation of infrastucture projects, through the way of accession agreement with limited recourse

    然而進入80年代，現有的基礎設施已不能滿足經濟發展和人們生活的需要，而經濟危機、財政赤字、沉重債務負擔等因素使政府的投資能力和對外借債能力大為減弱，只能轉而尋求私營部門的資本來彌補資金的不足；同時國際上一些大財團因資本積累，急於加快資本周轉和增值，追求利潤最大化，一些國際承包公司和有經驗的發展中國家開始探索通過有限追索權貸款以特許方式促進私人擁有和經營基礎設施項目。
  2. America ' s international balance of payments deficit, one that reflected the united states and the world economic and financial dominant currency, the united states is the global economic rules formulation and regulators, and the second, the rest of the world reserve assets of u. s. dollars, the united states is concerned, mint is a huge income, three, as long as other countries are willing dollar reserve assets, to a great extent, the united states can vigorously deficit, as its financial bonds will be those who buy, which is to say, countries in the world for the united states to finance the budget deficit or to make money, and its four, the united states vigorously deficit or monetary expansion, inflationary consequences to a large extent by other countries in the world share the same commitment

    美國的國際收支赤字，其一，反映了美國對世界經濟金融貨幣的主導，美國是全球經濟規則的制訂者和監管者，其二，世界其他各國儲備美元資產，對美國而言，就是巨大的鑄幣稅收入，其三，只要其他國家願意儲備美元資產，很大程度上，美國就可以大搞財政赤字，因為其財政債券必定有人購買，那就是說，世界各國為美國的財政赤字融資或掏錢，其四，美國大搞財政赤字或貨幣擴張，通脹的後果很大程度上由世界其他國家共同承擔。
  3. If japan steps away from defending the yen and thus from buying american bonds, the full weight of the current budget deficits will be felt in us markets for the first time

    如果日本不再維持日元匯率，因而也不再購買美國債券，那美國市場就將首次感受到當前預算赤字帶來的全部壓力。
  4. Accompanied by positive fiscal policy from 1998, the scale of the fiscal deficit and the national debt in china has been enlarged rapidly, which caused wide concern and debate in not only political but also scientific fields on the problem : whether fiscal risk exists in china

    1998年以來，我國實施了連續六年的積極財政政策。伴隨積極財政政策的實施，我國財政赤字和國債規模節節攀升，引起了政界和學界的普遍關注，學術界由此掀起了關於我國是否存在財政風險、是否存在國債發行空間的討論。
  5. But on the debit side, as you leave office, the nation is saddled with a $ 2. 6 trillion debt, an enormous deficit, caused perhaps by the tripling of military spending and tax cut. how does this jibe with the goals that you set eight years ago and i ' d like to follow up

    可是在負債方面，閣下離任時，國家負擔了二兆六千億的債務。這是一筆可觀的赤字，可能系由軍費增加三倍和減稅所致。這如何能與閣下八年以前所訂的目標相吻合？本人願聞其詳。
  6. The dissertation is divided into six chapters. chapter 1, summary, which explain the importance of the topic and suggest the system, method, and main contents of this dissertation. chapter 2 : the research of the theory of national debt and the practice of the debts issuing in china, in this part, we sum up the theory of national debts and the method of researching moderate scale in china and other countries. chapter 3 : the analysis of burden of national debts in china, which analyze the debts " burden by the rate of debts " burden and the rate of repayment of debts and the degree dependence of debts and so on. chapter 4 : influence factor study of the reasonable limit of national debts " quantity, in this chapter we get the factors that mostly affect the scale. using the actual datum and modern econometric and statistical analysis method, we conclude that the repayment of capital and interest and the finance deficit are the most important factors

    第二章國債理論研究進展和我國的國債實踐，綜述國內外國債理論研究的進展和我國國債發行的實踐以及國債適度規模的研究方法。第三章我國國債債務負擔分析，主要從政府償債能力和社會應債能力兩方面，選取了債務依存度、國債負擔率和國債償債率等指標，通過橫縱對比，對我國國債債務負擔進行了分析。第四章債務負擔合理數量界限的影響因素分析，選取了九個與國債密切相關的指標，通過多重共線性診斷、最佳回歸模型的選擇分析，最後選定國債還本付息額和財政赤字兩個與國債規模最密切的指標。
  7. Based on the government ' s debt risk, the rational deficit ratio depends on whether the economic growth rate exceeds the real interest

    摘要從債務風險角度判斷中國合理的財政赤字率的關鍵是看經濟增長速度是否大於真實利率。
  8. After a comprehensive review of our nation ' s debt level, the author hold a opinion that our deficit level is much lower than the critical proportion of our financial deficit to the gdp. and when compared with other countries, it is also at a low level, thus the pressure coming from fiscal deficit is within the financial capacity. besides, no matter taking government overall debts ( includes treasury bonds, overseas liabilities, non - performing assets of financial agencies, endowment insurance debts ) or just treasury bonds into account, we can reach such a conclusion : our debt level is lower than many countries, therefore, there are wide spaces to implement the active fiscal policy

    通過考察我國的債務水平，筆者認為，我國的赤字規模，遠低於臨界赤字率，與國際相比，也處在低水平上，財政赤字的壓力在財政承受能力之內；另外，無論是單純從內債還是從包括國債、外債、金融機構不良資產、養老保險欠賬的政府綜合債務來考慮，都可以做出如下判斷：我國的負債水平低於許多國家，實行積極財政政策還有較大的餘地。
  9. To issue treasury bonds to fetch up budget deficit will lessen the fund supply from nongovernmental sector, drive the interest rate of finance market up, and lead to the atrophy of private investment, thus it cuts down on production

    將其用之於指導我國實踐，未必適當。筆者認為，政府為彌補預算赤字發行國債，會減少民間部門的資金供給，造成金融市場利率上升，導致民間投資的萎縮，進而降低產出。
  10. On financial deficit and crowding out effect of t - bonds of china

    我國財政赤字與國債的擠出效應研究
  11. Chapter analyzes the causes of chinese financial risks in the present day in terms of the economic system, financial system, fiscal policies and the implementation of active fiscal policies. this article holds that factors contributing to the present chinese financial risks are of different types, including the transitory system risks due to incomplete readjustment in the reform of market economic system and the risks caused by the financial difficulties, deviation of effects of fiscal policies, misplacement of fiscal functions, and defects in t

    認為導致當前我國財政風險的因素是多方面的，既有經濟體制市場化改革尚未調整到位帶來的轉軌性體制風險；也有財政困難和財政體制轉換過程中，財政政策效應偏差、財政職能錯位以及財政管理制度的缺陷等方面的原因帶來的風險；特別實施積極的財政政策，財政赤字進一步擴大、國債增速過猛，給財政運行帶來風險，造成財政風險的進一步加劇。
  12. The treaty requires economies to have achieved certain levels of performance on inflation, public deficits and debts, exchange rates and interest rates

    條約規定經濟實體國家必須在通貨膨脹，公共赤字及債務，匯率和利率方面具有一定水平的控制能力。
  13. America ' s huge budget deficit economists say is being bankrolled by china to the tune of one billion dollars per day through its purchase of us treasury bills 200 billion dollars last year and possibly as much as 300

    經濟學家們表示，多虧中國每天購買多達10億美元的美國國債，美國的巨額預算赤字才得以緩解。去年中國購買美國國債總額為2000億，而今年到目前為止可能已經達到3000億美元。
  14. America ' s huge budget deficit, economists say, is being bankrolled by china to the tune of one billion dollars per day through its purchase of us treasury bills - 200 billion dollars last year and possibly as much as 300 billion dollars already this year

    經濟學家們表示，多虧中國每天購買多達10億美元的美國國債，美國的巨額預算赤字才得以緩解。去年中國購買美國國債總額為2000億，而今年到目前為止可能已經達到3000億美元。
  15. To provide theoretic testimony for deciding the size of treasury bonds, referring to the principia of macroeconomics, the author construct a equilibrium model of treasury bonds, work out the formula for the critical < wp = 5 > proportion of financial deficit to the gdp and for the critical ratio of treasury bonds to gdp, and educe the specific values of the two indexes through the demonstration analysis

    為決定國債規模提供理論上的依據，筆者參照宏觀經濟學的基本理論，構造出一個國債均衡模型，求出了臨界赤字率和臨界國債負擔率的公式，並通過實證分析，得出了我國臨界赤字率和臨界國債負擔率的具體數值。
  16. So analyze after expansive fiscal policy to analyze further the national debt and deficit. the basic conclusion is that appropriate deficit and national debt can play a role i

    因此，在分析了擴張性財政政策本身對經濟穩定增長的影響之後，對其所帶來的赤字、國債對經濟穩定增長的可能影響進行進一步分析。
  17. In the last two chapters, the fundamental methods of risk warning, risk valuing and risk controlling in the management of deficit risk are summed up. after analyzing some indexes of fiscal crises and the structure of budget deficits that are classified according to the new standard defined in this paper, the author try to use the theory of debts - gdp to make a dynamic analysis on risk of fiscal deficit. finally, the controlling system of deficit risk in china is discussed and some countermeasures are suggested

    在財政赤字風險管理的研究中，文章沿著一般到特殊的分析思路，系統總結了風險的預警、評估以及控制的基本方法；然後，測算了中國赤字風險評估指標，並從中國的實際情況出發，在赤字規模、赤字結構以及其他相關數據的分析和測算基礎上，運用債務-收入比率等方法對中國財政赤字風險的發展做了動態分析，進而初步勾勒出中國財政赤字風險的控制體系。
  18. Among them are historical factor ( which shows that fiscal difficulties exist every year in our country and are the result of reform in each historical stage ) ; fiscal system factor ( which means that the current fiscal system in our country is not so perfect ) ; pressure factor ( from how to tackle and remove the bad effect brought about by the fiscal policy and how to boost economic development ) ; the transferred problems from the state - owned commercial problems from the state - owned commercial banks ( which is an inseperable factor connected with fiscal risk ) ; and problems of local debt. chapter four main suggestion and countermeasures for guarding the fiscal risk in our country. they are as follows : 1

    文章認為，財政不能走以往大包大攬的老路，風險的防範要充分發揮市場機制的積極作用，從而可以減少財政的部分壓力，同時，我國的財政支出結構，要適應政府職能轉變發展市場經濟的要求，作出適當調整，進而在我國建立公共財政的基本框架；文章對債務風險的防範主要是從國債和地方債務兩方面出發，提出了自己的一些建議；對于赤字風險的防範，文章指出，提高國家財力的集中程度，把控制赤字作為中長期財政發展規劃，調整支出結構，是解決問題的重要途徑；最後，文章還提出，基於我國政策環境的轉變，以及宏觀經濟發展的需要，及時調整積極財政政策的作用方向和方式顯得十分必要，有利於減少各種誘發風險產生的因素，更好地防範財政風險。
  19. Dynamically and statically, the paper analyses the sustainability of national debt policy and financial risk in china : dynamically, financial risks can be within safe scope if basic deficit ratio can be kept between 1 percent and 2 percent ; statically, studing the warning line of financial risks, the author analyses the usages of treasure bonds, favouring that it should mainly support system reformation and economic restructuring in the future. at last the writer makes a research for applying policy on the size and types of treasure bonds in macroeconomic regulation

    筆者從動態和靜態兩個角度對我國國債政策的可持續性和債務風險進行了分析，從動態看未來我國保持1 ? 2的基本赤字率可將債務風險控制在安全范圍之內。從靜態角度對債務「警戒線」進行了分析，筆者認為我國仍有較大的增發國債的空間。從我國當前的特殊矛盾和防範債務風險兩個方面筆者分析了我國國債資金使用方向的改革，認為未來我國國債資金主要應用於支持體制改革和結構調整。
  20. The country issues bond or loan is to plan market fund actually, thereby, have offset finance deficit, raise money construction financing, adjust economy 3 big functions

    國家發行債券或借款實際上是籌集資金，從而，具有彌補財政赤字，籌集建設資金，調節經濟三大功能。
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