起前與滯后 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [qǐqiányǔzhìhòu]
起前與滯后
英文
leads and lags-
The first one : fitting together ultimate values of every dimensions in one dimension - chain one by one, educing many equations by itself, calculating results, and comparing these results of close dimension to find maximal and minimal values. the second one : projecting all dimensions on two preestablished axis, then providing the solutions to analyze whether every projected dimensions is increscent or decreasing, and synthesize the effect of every projected dimensions to close dimension, educing many equations by itself, at last calculating the result of close dimension. the third one : according to monte carlo analysis, getting every dimensions " values from every dimensions " tolerances at random time after time, simulating the actual circumstances of mass production using these dimensions, and calculating reasonable results of close dimension economically
鑒于這類系統在各大中小型企業的廣泛應用與相對滯后的研究水平，本文提出了三種新的能切實地解決目前尺寸鏈計算機輔助分析解算中存在的各種難題的設計方案，第一種方案將尺寸鏈中各組成環能取的極值組合起來，自動列方程組，求解每個組合情況下的封閉環尺寸，最後比較這些結果，得出封閉環的最大最小值；第二種方案將尺寸鏈各組成環向預先設定好的兩個方向投影，之後再分析各尺寸環投影分量的增減性，並且提供了組成環兩個方向上的投影分量增減性不一的復雜情況下的解決辦法，綜合組成環各投影分量的增減性，然後自動列出方程組，最後根據各組成環的投影分量以及所列的方程組來確定尺寸鏈封閉環的尺寸；第三種方案以蒙特卡洛法為原理，在尺寸鏈各組成環的取值范圍內使用計算機產生大量隨機數，模擬實際大批量生產中的零件尺寸分佈情況，以更經濟更合理的方式分析、計算封閉環尺寸。This thesis based on the development of heilongjiang ' s green foods, through a large amount of collection and arrangement, to analyze the opportunity of development, some objective problems, course and present condition of heilongjiang ' s green food, point out the countermeasure of development of heilongjiang ' s green food. the thesis is divided into five units : unit 1 analyzes the definitions and characters of green foods, standard and signs of green food. the advantage which green food have and the significance of green food ; unit 2 analyzes the development course and present development situation of heilongjiang ' s green food based on analyzing the starter and development situation of our country, heilongjiang ' s green food past ten years, more work goes before in our country ; unit 3 analyzes the questions required dealing with which exists in development of heilongjiang ' s green foods, it indues that think is too late, the scale is too small, the way of sell is late and false is too much more ; unit 4 draws a conclusion that there is nice chance of developing green food in heilongjiang, based on using a large amount of data ; the last unit provides the ways to turn think, stronger big factories, make the sell way is more than before and draw the lay fastly, and provides appropriate countermeasures to develop heilongjiang ' s green food further i n a healthy way
本文共分五章，第一章在分析了綠色食品的概念與特點的基礎上，對綠色食品的標準與標志進行了界定，並明確規定了綠色食品必須具備的條件，提出了發展綠色食品的意義；第二章在分析我國綠色食品的起步與發展概況的基礎上，對黑龍江省綠色食品的發展歷程和發展現狀進行了分析，黑龍江省綠色食品產業經過十多年的努力，呈現了全省合力抓綠色食品，健康快速發展的好勢頭，並且許多工作都走在全國的前列；第三章從實證著手，分析了黑龍江省綠色食品發展中存在思想觀念滯后、品牌雜、經營銷售方式落後、假冒現象多等若干亟待解決的問題；第四章運用大量數據，得出黑龍江省發展綠色食品的良好機遇，為黑龍江省綠色食品的發展提供了廣闊的發展空間；第五章針對黑龍江省綠色食品發展中存在的問題提出了轉變傳統觀念、壯大龍頭企業、抓好市場營銷、加強綠色食品法規的制定等相應的對策，並對黑龍江省綠色食品的進一步的健康發展提出了新的思路。When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high, peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall, because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response, only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism, and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h, indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer
2 ）耕作制下紫色土的產流主要機制是： 1 ）當雨前土壤含水量未達到飽和狀態時，表面產流起始時間有明顯滯后現象，這與紫色土的快吸水性和較多非毛管孔隙密切相關；當雨前土壤較乾燥，降雨初期雨強較大時，易形成臨時相對不透水表層，表面產流峰也有明顯滯后現象。 2 ）表面徑流的產流方式主要是超滲產流，當土壤達到飽和狀態后，有四川大學博士學位論文小部分回歸流發生，但主要是飽和超滲產流發生，因為紫色土的相對不透水層和其它透水障礙層不明顯。 3 ）壤中流主要是飽和產流，與降雨過程有明顯的滯后，而且雨停后的壤中流產流歷時與降雨特徵無關。
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