轉型正義 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhuǎnxíngzhēngyì]
轉型正義
英文
transitional justice-
This dissertation aims to probe into the institutional changes and institutional clashes between the enlarging european union and the central & eastern european countries ( ceecs ), as well as to construct a tentative theoretical innovation to account for institutional interactions between them. supported by political neo - institutionalism and borrowing institutional concepts from nobel prize - winner douglas north, the dissertation is set against a background of the dual process of institutional expansion by the eu and active institutional convergence on the ceecs " own accords. starting from the positive and negative impacts triggered by eu enlargement on both the eu ' s and the ceecs " political, governance and economic institutions, the dissertation carries out a systematic study of the partial adjustments and comprehensive reforms on the part of the eu, as well as of the europeanized transformation of the domestic institutions in the accession countries
本文以新制度主義政治學為理論支點，以歐盟通過東擴實現制度擴張及中東歐向歐盟制度主動趨同的進程為背景，以東擴引發的制度變遷和制度對撞為研究對象，從分析考察東擴進程對于雙方政治權力制度和經濟治理制度的雙向沖擊及正負面影響入手，系統研究了歐盟東擴引發的歐盟制度局部調整與全面改革、及中東歐新成員國國內制度的歐洲化轉軌之雙重進程，分析總結出東擴制度互動的規律、模式與渠道，並在此基礎上構築了一種解釋轉型國家與超國家機構之間制度互動的實驗性理論模型「錮囚鋒理論」 ，從理論高度上對現實規律進行歸納。The essence of knowledge transformation is integration of the oriental with occidental culture, rationalism with irrationalism, materialism with mentalism
人類正在面臨的知識轉型的實質是東西方文化的整合，是理性主義與非理性主義的整合，是唯物主義與唯心主義的整合。Disigning coolant channel on the firebox of liquid rocket engine to loxodrome ( equal - angle helix ) groove can improve firebox coolant capability greatly. because the width dimension of loxodrome groove is narrow and the depth is deep, some machining methods are incapable, such as end - milling or electrochemistry. according to the peculiarities, a cnc disk - cutter - milling method which is composed of five motion axes with four simultaneously interpolated ones is researched. because most firebox generatrix is composed of complex curves, it is very difficult to get cnc cutting program with manual means. in order to deal with the problem, the loxodrome mathematics model is studied, and an auto - programming software system is developed. the software system can generate cnc cutting program of loxodrome on many kinds of turned surface. the constriction - distension segment of firebox is the most representative workpiece. the sharp changing of its generatrix slope makes loxodrome milling difficult. with the theory analyzing and practice cutting experiment, some applied techniques, which include milling mode and direction, choosing cutter diameter and cutting start point setting, are developed. adopting the technology above, tens regular workpiece have been manufacturing. the two - year manufacture practice has confirmed the validity and feasibility of developed loxodrome coolant channel milling method. the developed technology is also worth to be referenced to other similar workpiece
將液體火箭發動機燃燒室的冷卻通道設計為斜航線（等傾角螺旋線）槽形，可以大幅度改善燃燒室的冷卻性能.斜航線冷卻槽的槽寬尺寸較小而槽深尺寸較大，所以無法使用棒銑刀銑削、電化學等加工方式.針對這些特點，提出了五軸控制、四軸聯動的數控片銑刀銑削加工方法.由於燃燒室外表面的母線輪廓復雜，手工編制數控加工程序難度大.為了解決數控加工程序的編制問題，研究了斜航線的數學模型，開發了自動編程軟體系統.使用該系統，可以生成多種母線輪廓回轉體外表面上的斜航線數控加工程序.燃燒室收斂-擴張段的母線斜率變化大，加工難度大，是斜航線冷卻通道加工的最典型工件.經過理論分析和實際切削實驗，研究了針對該類型工件的片銑刀直徑選擇、銑削方式和方向、刀具調整和起刀點的設置等多項實際的加工方案.採用上述的一系列技術，已經成功地加工了數十個合格工件.經過兩年多的實際生產過程應用，驗證了所開發的斜航線冷卻通道加工方法的正確性和可行性.這些加工技術的研製成功，對其他相似類型零件的加工亦具有參考意義On restructuring concept of civil justice law
民間法正義觀轉型初探Aiming at this problem, the main research issues and achievements in this paper are as follows : bi - directional data transformation between rdb and xml with semantic constraints preserved for most of existing researches on static data transformation between xml and rdb, dtd is taken as the schema description language for xml, and the semantic constraints are often lost during the transformation process. to overcome these disadvantages, the author adopts xml - schema, a standard schema description language proposed by w3c to replace dtd, as the description method owing to its more powerful functions than dtd, and of course with the syntax much more complicated. after analyzing the constraints characteristics in both xml - schema and relational schema, a semantic constraints - preserved algorithm is proposed which can realize the bi - directional schema mapping between rdb and xml through a formalized description of xml based on regular tree and a general expression for relational schema based on direct graph approach
保留語義約束的xml與rdb雙向靜態數據轉換技術現有研究大多採用dtd （ documenttypedefinition ，文檔類型定義）作為xml的模式描述語言，並且在模式映射過程中丟失語義約束信息，本文分析了xml - schema （ xml - schema採用與dtd完全不同的語法，數據描述能力更強同時也更為復雜，已被w3c確定為替代dtd作為xml模式描述語言的標準）及關系模式的語義約束特徵，通過基於正則樹的xml形式化描述方法以及基於有向圖的一般關系模式表示方法的研究，建立保留語義約束的xml - schema與關系模式的雙向模式映射演算法，實現了xml與rdb的雙向數據轉換，較好地解決了xml與rdb在靜態數據轉換層面的數據集成問題，可有效滿足企業大量rdb數據面向xml的發布以及與日俱增的xml數據存入rdb的應用需求。System calls. when an emulator ordinarily encounters a powerpc system call instruction, it emulates the exception by storing the instruction address into the srr0 register, setting some architecture - defined bits in srr1, and transferring control to physical address 0xc00. some powerpc variants allow more control over this behavior, but this is the traditional powerpc model
當模擬器正常地碰到一個powerpc系統調用指令時，它便將指令地址存入到srr0寄存器，設置srr1中某些體系結構定義的位，並將控制權轉交給物理地址0xc00 ，從而模擬這個異常（有些powerpc的變種允許對這種行為有更多的控制，但是這里的這種是傳統的powerpc模型） 。This paper first introduced the pbd technique ' s basic principles and characters, these characters show that the pbd technique has many advantages in the nde ( non destructive evaluation ) field. then it described the theory model of pbd technique - three layers medium model, and explained the physical meaning of the model ' s solution
然後描述了光熱偏轉方法的理論模型- -三層介質模型，對三層介質模型的解的物理意義加以了說明，並著重論述了引起光熱效應的物理量，即沿正向傳播和反向傳播的熱波的物理意義。Therefore, the formal semantic study of uml is helpful for the improvement of the clarification, equivalence, consistency, and extendibility of the language, thus offers a powerful theoretical tool for the validity proof, transition of the model and the consistency check of the modeling tools supporting uml
因此，對uml進行形式語義研究，對增進該語言的清晰性、等價性和一致性、可擴展性是十分有幫助的，為模型的正確性證明、轉換以及支持uml建模工具的一致性檢查提供了有力的理論工具。Specially, the author insists that the shocks from the price of non - monetary assets would be also vital to study the central bank ' s ability about controling monetary supply. so the author would answer these questions respetively according to monetary endogenisis and the price of non - monetary assets. in details, the main contents and results are as follows : ( 1 ) the monetary neutrality from static point of view
浙江大學博士學位誼文轉型期中國貨幣政策的有效性及其提升途徑這種分歧除了一般意義上的貨幣中性分歧外，對考慮了預期因素的貨幣中性問題以及不同方向（正或負）的貨幣中性問題也同樣存在嚴重分歧，而且當前國內外學者對貨幣中性的分歧也更多集中在後兩者即非一般意義上的貨幣中性問題。The article intend to analysis the precess, character and motivion of development in traditional street space in which contain abundant cultural heritage. through investigation the writer should analysis the characte r, form and the relationship with each other, and furthermore find the pattern of the space in the fulture. what the most important is to summarize the spitits in traditional street space, such as activition, fuction, cultural elements, social customs and quatity of space. in order to put these elements to the exploit of new street space and find how these elements should be used, the writer regards some streets as the examples such as wenming street in kunming, xinhua street in lijiang jianshe rode in luxi. through research the writer find problems which exist in not only traditional but also in new street and express individual viewpoint about how to solve the problems. there are several ways to keep the new street exploition success. in the first place, we shoule know about all kinds of influences and synthesized elements. secondly mastering the mechanism of the development by oneself is indispensable. in the last place, it is necessory not to imitate some certain model which is plausible in other place. in the l ast of the article, the writer uses a new project to further illustrate the way to put the theory what have mentioned above into the practice
並從自然，社會，經濟及社會文化方面分析產生的根源，發展動力，其次通過實際調查，對現有傳統商住的物質形態要素進行分析，從商空間及住空間的基本特徵，型制入手，探索傳統商住街區的空間形態，結構組成，商與住空間關系，空間性質及空間如何相互轉化。以此來尋找傳統商住街區物質形態特徵，同時結合具體實例強調在傳統商住街區改造、新區的規劃設計中應當重視非物質要素內涵的提取、如活動者及社會結構、功能意義、空間品質、文化氣息，保持歷史傳統的延續性的必要性與可行性。在文章的後半部分，有針對性的對遺留下來的傳統商住街區-昆明文明街、麗江新華街、瀘西建設路的物質形態特徵和非物質形態特徵的分析，找出現存的問題，並針對問題發表個人的觀點，指出引導現代商住街區的開發與改造中，保持形態合理發展的正確途徑是了解影響形態發展與演變的各種因素及其綜合作用，把握好形態演交的內在機制，而不應刻意追求某種特定的模式。Take the marxism as the important content and the theory instruction socialism ideology, is our country society ' s mainstream ideology, but in the new historical period, the socialism ideology is facing social reforming, the system innovation, the members of different social classes thought idea change and the economical globalization and so on many impacts and the challenge which brings, therefore, how further advances our country ideology construction, consolidates and strengthens the marxism in the ideology domain instruction status is important issue which the time proposed, only then persists pace with time, requests by the time comprehensively to carefully examine the new situation and the challenge which the current ideology construction faces, by the judgment science which develops grasps the mainstream ideology the essential connotation and the law of development, by the spirit which innovates positively impels the mainstream ideology the theory consummation and the practice innovation, can make our country mainstream ideology to maintain the vigorous vitality and the exuberant vigor throughout
以馬克思主義為重要內容和理論指導的社會主義意識形態，是我國社會的主流意識形態，但在新的歷史時期，社會主義意識形態正面臨著社會轉型，體制創新，社會成員思想觀念變化及經濟全球化等帶來的諸多沖擊與挑戰，因此，如何進一步推進我國意識形態建設，鞏固和加強馬克思主義在意識形態領域的指導地位是時代提出的重大課題，只有堅持與時俱進，以時代的要求全面審視當前意識形態建設所面臨的新的情況與挑戰，以發展的眼光科學把握主流意識形態的本質內涵和發展規律，以創新的精神積極推動主流意識形態的理論完善與實踐創新，才能使我國主流意識形態始終保持蓬勃的生機和旺盛的活力。Bernanke, gertler and gilchrist ( 1999 ) recognize that the inclusion of a richer financial structure, at least assigning a nontrivial role for banks into the monetary transmission mechanism, would be a worthwhile theme for research
該選題的現實意義，在於中國的金融結構正在由以銀行為基礎向以市場為導向轉型，金融結構的轉型會對貨幣傳導機制和貨幣政策效率，進而對宏觀經濟穩定產生重要的影響。It introduces dynamic typing, while using inference and casts to operate properly in the statically - typed virtual machine
它引入了動態的類型定義，同時在靜態類型定義的虛擬機中使用類型推斷和數據類型轉換來正確操作。As the reform and open up policy goes on, china is transferring from a traditional society to a modern society via the construction of socialist market economy with chinese characteristics
自改革開放以來，中國正以社會主義市場經濟的建構為中介從傳統社會向現代社會轉型。With establishment and perfection of the socialist market - economy oriention, and with faster speeding of the social trans - structure, chinese society is experiencing an unpreceding constructive change. urban communitical division and communitical integration are also lain in the dynamical process that frequently affect on each other
隨著社會主義市場經濟體制的建立完善，社會轉型速度的加快，中國社會正在經歷一場前所未有的結構性變遷，城市社區的分化與整合也處于頻繁的交互作用的動態過程中。Operational risk is one of the main risk resources, and the proportion to the risk of commercial banks is far larger than that of international level. it makes the research of measurement and management of operational risk important in china. this thesis studies a method of measuring operational risk ? the internal measurement approach, which is applied in our commercial bank
由於我國的大多數銀行還處在向真正的商業銀行轉型的過程中，內部控制機制還不完善，而操作風險已成為我國商業銀行的主要風險來源之一，其在商業銀行風險總的比重遠大於國際同行的水平，這使得操作風險的度量和管理的研究在我國有著重要的現實意義。After 20 years " reform in economic structure, china is now on the way to the implementation of institutional transformation from planned economy to socialist market economy
經過20多年的改革，我國社會正處于從傳統的計劃經濟體制向社會主義市場經濟體制轉變的制度轉型期。The 16 ~ ( th ) national congress of the cpc proposed to further reform our judicial system and ensure the independent operation of procuratorate power, which ushered the reform of judicial system in our country into a new historic phase since then on. in order to realize the reasonable goal of reform of judicial system, we need carefully review our framework of state power from the point of view of law and correctly understand the nature and contents of legal system as well, since they are the base and safeguard of construction and function and implementation of state power, meanwhile the correct legal theory will be the prerequisite for realization of reasonable reform of judicial system. procuratorate power, one of the major basic powers included in our people ’ s congress system, together with the most supreme state power ( i. e. legislative power ) and administrative power and courts ’ judicial power and military power form the structure of a nation ’ s basic powers
本文通過對檢察權的產生和發展歷史的綜合考察，分析比較了中西現代檢察權與古代檢察的變化與發展，梳理評析了中西已有的檢察權基本理論;從檢察權產生的理論基礎、權力的歸屬、行為特徵、權能組合的異質同構、權力的位階、檢察權功能的現代轉型等視角，剖析了現代檢察權的個性特徵;通過比較分析檢察權與法律監督權在性質、權力功能配置和實現方式等方面的差異，指出了中國檢察權定位為法律監督屬性的歷史局限性;結合現代檢察權的發展規律以及中國的國情，論證了在中國憲政語境中檢察權兼容法律監督權的合理性和正當性理由，提出了在相對合理主義下重新定位和解構中國檢察權的基本思路;深入分析了檢察權獨立行使的合理性和正當性;在比較分析中西檢察權獨立構成要素的基礎上，檢討了中國檢察權獨立的根本缺失在於精神要素、社會獨立主體和內部獨立操作規則的缺失，並提出了改革完善的基本思路。In our country, with the establishment and improvement of our socialist market - oriented economic structure and further transformation of government functions, our non - government organizations ( ngos ) are faced with unprecedented development opportunities as well as tough challenges. it is a very important issue on how to define the roles of ngos in economic and social development so as to fully exercise its functions in current and coming period. nowadays, our society is in the transformation stage when original planned, comprehensive and single social management methods cannot meet the demands of times. and it is being replaced by a coordinated social management mode made up with the government the market and the society all - in one method
隨著我國社會主義市場經濟體制的建立和完善，政府職能的進一步轉變，我國非政府組織面臨前所未有的發展機遇，同時也面臨艱巨的挑戰。如何在經濟、社會的發展中明確非政府組織的角色，充分發揮其職能作用是我國當前乃至今後一段時期面對的非常重要的問題。當前，我國社會正處于轉型期，原有計劃的、全能的、單一的社會治理方式已不適應時態的發展，取而代之的是政府、市場、社會三位一體相互協調、相互配合的社會管理模式。Our nation is a developing country in the period of transformation from traditional planned economy to socialist market economy, so there are many factors that limit the realization of the functions of nis in our social environment. for example, unbalance effect on environment of intellectual resources, social transforming effect on social institutional environment and the less developed effect on social and cultural backgrounds
我國是一個發展中國家，正處于傳統的計劃經濟向社會主義市場經濟過渡的時期，社會環境中明顯存在著許多制約國家創新系統功能發揮的因素，例如人力資源環境上的非平衡效應、社會制度環境上的轉型效應以及社會文化背景上的后發效應。分享友人