逆進率 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [nìjìnlǜ]
逆進率
英文
backward rate-
In the next place, by studying the change of the resonant frequency of the whole system, this paper designs the circuit to track the resonant frequency of the system by cd4046 mainly. at the same time, in order to improve the efficiency and get better dynamic capability of the converter, we choose pll and fuzzy control after comparing the pll circuit, fuzzy circuit and pll ? fuzzy control circuit. in the end, this paper brings forward the control blue print to realize the drive control circuit of the high frequency converter, using the dsp chip as the key part to realize four routes of pwm drive pulses with dead band of the control system
其次，通過對整個系統諧振頻率變化的分析和研究，設計了以鎖相環cd4046為核心的鎖相環控制電路，同時，在綜合比較鎖相環控制、模糊控制以及模糊控制和鎖相環復合控制三種控制演算法的基礎上，進行了系統模擬，得出採用復合控制可使跟蹤電路既具有鎖相環路較好的穩態性能，又擁有模糊控制較好的動態性能，系統魯棒性能好，同時也提高了逆變器的效率。Combining with practice of china ' s uranium ore heap leac hi ng, this paper proposes main ways and suitable technologies in the fields of emp hasizing feasib ility research, adop - ting strengthened technologies, improving equipment le vel, op timizing control technological factors and developing application range and so o n, which include adopting acid - curring and ferric sulphate - tric kle leaching process, bacteria heap leaching, countercurrent heap leaching, sele cting advanced material of heap bottom, developing large mechanized heap constru ction equipments and methods, popularizing drip i rrigation distributing solution, optimizing heap leaching process parameters, as we ll as developing recovery equipments suited to heap leaching, etc, in order to i n crease leaching rate, reduce heap leaching period and achieve more economic bene fits
結合我國鈾礦堆浸實際，在重視堆浸可行性研究、採用強化堆浸技術、改進堆浸裝備水平、嚴格工藝條件及拓寬堆浸的應用范圍等方面提出一些有效途徑及適用技術，包括採用拌酸熟化-高鐵淋濾浸出、細菌堆浸、制粒堆浸、逆流堆浸，選用優質底墊層材料，研製大型機械化築堆方法和設備，推廣滴灌式布液，優化堆浸工藝參數，以及開發堆浸相配套的回收設備等，以提高浸出率、縮短堆浸周期，獲得更大的經濟效益。Heating principle of intermediate frequency induction furnace and some factors affecting its power factor are discussed, some betterments that parallel connection spacer circuit is replaced by interfusion connection spacer circuit are put in practice
摘要對中頻感應爐的加熱原理以及其功率因數的影響因數進行了探討，並將不能恆功率輸出的並聯逆變電路改進為混聯逆變電路。Mdr1 express product p - glycoprotein was detected by immunocytochemical method and flowcytometry. the cytotoxicity and multidrug resistance reversion effect of tea polyphenol was examined by mtt assay in mcf - 7 and mcf - 7 adr carcinoma cell lines, and compared with pgp inhibitor quinidine. the pgp expression of mcf - 7 adr was strongly positive, the positive rate was 15 % ; the pgp expression of mcf - 7 was negative, the positive rate was 1. 8 %. ic50 of tea polyphenol to mcf - 7 and mcf - 7 adr is 115. 2g ml and 207. 6g ml respectively. ic50 of quinidine to mcf - 7 and mcf - 7 adr is 129. 8mol l 42. 1g ml and 94. 1mol l 30. 5g ml respectively. tea polyphenol and quinidine changed little toxicity of adriamycin to mcf - 7, but tea polyphenol and quinidine improved the sensitivity of mcf - 7adr to adriamycin significantly. immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry can detect p - glycoprotein expression level qualitatively and quantitatively. tea polyphenol is not only an anti - tumor agent, but also a multidrug resistant modulator similar as quinidine. tea polyphenol is advantageous for its little toxicity in tumor treatment
用免疫組化法和流式細胞儀對腫瘤細胞系mcf - 7和mcf - 7 adr的p -糖蛋白表達水平進行定性定量研究。用噻唑藍比色法mtt研究茶多酚的細胞毒性及其對耐藥性的逆轉作用，並與pgp抑制劑奎尼定進行了比較。免疫組化法檢測p -糖蛋白表達水平， mcf - 7 adr呈強陽性，而mcf - 7呈陰性流式細胞儀定量檢測結果mcf - 7 adr細胞系細胞陽性率為15 % ， mcf - 7細胞系細胞陽性率為1 . 8 % 。In this dissertation, we firstly prove that any dirichlet problem is indeed equal to a voltages problem of networks. we give five solutions to dirichlet problem in two dimensions ; among these five solutions, we prove that the iteration solution and the solution of relaxations are exponential convergence, then we estimate their respective convergence rates ; secondly, we discuss random walks on general networks, prove that there is an one to one correspondence between networks and reversible ergodic markov chains ; thirdly, we give probabilistic interpretation of voltages for general networks : when a unit voltage is applied between a and b, making va = 1 and vb = 0, the voltage vx at any point x represents the probability that a walker starting from x will return to a before reaching b ; furthermore, we study the relationship between effective resistance and escape probability : starting at a, the probability that the walk reaches b before returning to a is the ratio of the effective conductance and the total conductance
本文證明了任何邊值的dirichlet問題都可轉化為求解電路電壓的問題：給出了計算平面格點上dirichlet問題的5種方法：證明了迭代法和松馳法都是指數收斂的，並分別給出收斂速度的估計；討論了一般電路上的隨機徘徊，驗證了電路與可逆的遍歷markov鏈是一一對應的；給出了電路電壓的概率解釋：當把1伏電壓加於a ， b兩端，使得v _ a = 1 ， v _ b = 0時，則x點的電壓v _ x表示對應的markov鏈中，從x出發，到達b之前到達a的概率；進一步地，給出了逃離概率與有效電阻之間的關系：從a出發，在到達b之前到達a的概率為有效傳導率與通過a的總傳導率之比。Firstly, we generalize and analyze the advantages and present research of elliptic curve cryptography ; secondly, we study the basic theory of the ecc ; thirdly, we illustrate the safety of the ecc and discuss the elliptic curve key agreement scheme, elliptic curve encryption scheme and elliptic curve digital signature algorithm ; fourthly, we study fast algorithms of the multiplication and inversion multiplication of the element of in the underlying finite field f2m whose characteristic is two represented by the two basis of optimal normal basis and polynomial basis. we make improvements to the fast algorithm of the polynomial basis multiplication by hankerson and base on the experiments, we describe the properties and compare the advantages of the multiplication and inversion multiplication of the elements in f2m field under optimal normal bases and polynomial basis. results concluding from the study car be used as references in the realization of the elliptic curve cryptosystem ; fifthly, we overview the current fast algorithm of point multiplication, improve the fix base point comb algorithm, advance the speed of the whole system and remark the advantages and disadvantages of the popular algorithms based upon the experimental datas ; sixthly we realize the algorithm library of elliptic curve cryptography based on the f2m. only change slightly in our algorithm library can we realize the ecdh, eces, ecdsa based onf2m of anysize ; seventhly, we realize the ecc on two secure elliptic curves, including ecdh, eces, ecdsa
本文首先介紹並分析了橢圓曲線密碼體制的優點及研究現狀；其次研究了橢圓曲線密碼體制的基本理論；第三，分析了橢圓曲線密碼的安全性並介紹了密鑰共享，加密，數字簽名等橢圓曲線密碼體制；第四，深入研究了特徵為2的有限域f _ 2m中的元素在多項式基和最優正規基表示下的乘法運算和乘法逆運算的快速演算法，並對hankerson等人提出的多項式基下的乘法運算的快速演算法作了改進，而且在實驗的基礎上不僅分析研究了f _ 2m域中元素在多項式基和最優正規基表示下的乘法和乘法逆運算的性能，還對這兩種基表示下的f _ 2m域中元素運算效率的優劣作了比較和研究，所得的結論可供在實現橢圓曲線密碼體制時參考；第五，研究了目前流行的計算橢圓曲線標量乘法的快速演算法，同時改進了固定基點梳形法，提高了整個系統的速度，並在實驗的基礎上分析研究了流行演算法的優劣；第六，實現了基於f _ 2m的橢圓曲線密碼體制的演算法庫，在我們的演算法庫中只需稍微改變便能實現基於任意尺寸的f _ 2m上的ecdh ， eces ， ecdsa等橢圓曲線密碼體制；第七，實現了兩條安全橢圓曲線上的橢圓曲線密碼體制，包括ecdh ， eces ， ecdsa 。We sixth, namely last the responsibility, is responsible for the shareholder, the company certainly must make a profit the growth, must breed the reserve fund, must conduct the research, the development has the risk spirit the plan, pays the wrong price, must prepare in advance for the adverse circumstance, pays the suitable tax money, purchases the new machine, the building new workshop, promotes the new product development new sale plan, we must test the new conception, we after this all responsibilities, the shareholder should obtain the fair return rate, we were determined under the mercy god assistance, we biggest strength completes these duties
我們的第六個即最後一個責任，是對股東負責，公司一定要獲利成長必須孳生準備金必須進行研究，開發有冒險精神的方案，支付錯的代價，必須為逆境預作準備，支付適當的稅款，購買新機器，建築新廠房，推出新產品開發新的銷售計劃，我們必須實驗新的構想，我們盡到這一切責任后，股東應該得到公平的報酬率，我們決心在慈悲的上帝協助下，盡我們最大的力量完成這些義務。This thesis will put forward a new design project that aimed at discussing the packing sets of natural - draft counter - flow dry cooling tower, which is the research and application of the spray nozzle. the content mainly includes the experimental study of the application of the jnx - 01 spray nozzle in cooling tower, as well as the heating calculation
本文將針對自然通風逆流濕冷式冷卻塔中影響效率較大的淋水裝置提出設計改進方案，即旋轉式噴濺裝置的研究與應用，內容主要包括jnx - 01型節能旋轉式噴濺裝置及旋轉濺水碟式噴頭在冷卻塔上應用情況的試驗研究及熱力計算。At the same time, the control circuit must realize power regulating of the rectifying circuit and the inverter circuit and keep some parameters impervious to the interferer. this paper has researched high frequency solid induction heating power supply
同時，控制電路必須對整流電路、逆變電路等系統主電路部分進行功率控制，使在各種擾動下維持系統各參量不偏離其設定值。The author discusses the causes of international monetary crisis. then the author reviews the mundell ’ s theory of oca and its recent development, analyzing the counter - effect of international monetary cooperation. based on these theoretical works, the author summarizes the typical viewpoint about which is the better exchange - rate regime between the fixed exchange rates and the floating exchange - rate, analyzing the recent development of the choice of exchange rate regime, such as the theory of original sin and two poles approach
第一章從國際貨幣合作和國際經濟政策協調等概念的界定入手，探討了國際貨幣體系悖論的制度背景和國際貨幣危機產生的原因，進而闡述了蒙代爾「最優貨幣區理論」及其最新發展，分析了國際貨幣合作中的逆效等問題，並在此基礎上，總結了傳統的固定匯率制度與浮動匯率制度孰優孰劣的觀點及當前國際匯率制度選擇理論的最新成果，例如原罪論、恐懼浮動論和兩極論等。The study has completed the design of two - phase inverter and made up of the two - phase inverter - motor system for experimental use it is a variable frequency adjustable speed system with a open - loop control of rotational speed, which consists of voltage - controlled oscillator circulating assign device inverter circuit and two - phase induction motor a accurate mathematical model is set based on the whole system, and simulator program of dynamic and steady condition is established, which is used to calculate the dynamic and steady performance by kron and symmetrical coordinate converter by simulator calculation and experimental research with specific parameter of the system, a comparison is made between predicted and experimental characteristics, experimental measurements are shown to compare closely with corresponding theoretical result it is compared with some variable frequency adjus table speed system comprising inverter and single - phase induction motor from the system efficiency torque pulsation and the effect of two - phase inverter capacitance based on the conclusion, harmonic cancellation pulse width modulation control of a two - phase inverter - fed induction - motor drive system is researched, which cancelled the low harmonic and improve the system performance
通過對電機的kron變換和對稱分量變換，建立了系統較精確的數學模型，編制了系統動態及穩態運行的模擬計算程序分別計算系統的動態和穩態性能。通過對系統的具體參數進行了模擬運算和實驗研究，實驗和模擬結果進行比較，說明實驗和理論較為一致，並從系統效率、轉矩脈動及兩相逆變器電容的影響等方面與各種逆變器和單相異步電動機組成的變頻調速系統加以比較。在此基礎上，對兩相逆變器供電-異步電動機系統使用諧波抑制pwm控制進行了研究，由於減少了低次諧波，改善了系統性能。Zero - voltage turn - on and zero - voltage turn - off in lagging arm and leading arm of soft - switching topology, working waveform of power transformer and process of rectifier and transition are presented in detail. the influence of resonant inductance of the power transformer, resonant capacitor and variation of load to the process of soft - switching are given
主要對軟開關滯后橋臂和超前橋臂的零電壓開通、關斷過程，功率變壓器的工作波形及整流換流過程進行了詳細的模擬分析，並重點討論了逆變器的諧振電感、諧振電容以及負載變化對軟開關過程的影響。The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either
在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。The results indicated that the change of capital structure of chinese listed companies is counter - cyclical and financial deepening promotes the capital structure optimization of listed companies in the certain degree. empirical analysis also show there is a negative relationship between stock market scale, actual loan interest rate, profitability, fluidity, income volatility and capital structure. we also can see a positive relationship between fir, the bond market scale, the property structure, growth opportunities, size and the capital structure
結果表明我國上市公司的資本結構變動與宏觀經濟周期之間呈逆向變動;金融深化在一定程度上促進了上市公司資本結構的優化;股票市場規模、實際貸款利率、盈利能力、流動性、收益波動性與資本結構負相關;金融相關比率、資產結構、成長性、公司規模與資本結構正相關。A surge in food prices pushed chinese inflation in july to its fastest growth in a decade, prompting fresh predictions of a further interest - rate increase at a time when credit woes are forcing the u. s. and other major economies to consider looser credit
食品價格的飆升推動中國7月份通貨膨脹增速創下十年新高，不由讓人們產生一種新的預期，認為在美國等其他世界主要經濟體面對當前市場信貸危機可能考慮放鬆銀根之際，中國有可能逆勢而行進一步上調利率。Moreover, the signal processing method of high range resolution based on inverse discrete fourier transform is analyzed. the synthetic high range resolution of the several scatters is simulated
此外，本文還闡述了頻率步進信號的逆傅立葉變換合成距離高分辨的處理方法，並對多散射點目標的合成距離高分辨效果進行了計算機模擬。This digital amplifier made up of a digital inverter can implement the sine voltage signal ' s power amplifying based on the digital signal processor. with the high processing ability of dsp, the advanced digital control arithmetic can be realized in the software. also the feasible and effective technique for the time delay compensation of digital control can be achieved
該放大系統用數字化逆變器來實現電力系統正弦電壓信號功率的放大，利用dsp數字處理器高速的處理能力，可以使系統實現高性能的演算法控制，並且能靈活地對系統的誤差進行補償，從而實現逆變系統的高性能和高精度，為解決電力系統電容式互感器二次側帶負載能力弱的問題進行了有意義的研究。Abstract : a new current feedback control method of brushless dc motor ( bldcm ) is introduced in this paper, which combines the traditional overlap method with the fixed - frequency sampling current control method. it both stabilizes the work frequency of the inverter, and improves the commutative performance of bldcm. and it is verified by the result of the simulation
文摘:提出一種永磁無刷直流電機電流反饋新的控制方法，即採用常規重疊換相法與定頻采樣電流控制相結合的方法，既能穩定逆變器的工作頻率，又改善了永磁無刷直流電機的換相性能，利用模擬對提出的方法進行了驗證。The thermal - wet comfort proprties of textiles under the conditions that the environment temperature is higher than that of human body ( called “ reverse temperature field ” ) are examined in this paper. four quanties ( i. e. equivalent thermal resistance, thermal resistance, resistance to water vapour transmission and air permeability ) were suggested as the physical indexes of thermal - wet comfort properties of textiles under this condition. their special meanings under this condition were explained also. the colthing microclimate testing meter was used to determine the indexes of seven different kinds of textiles. the statistical analysis was applied to analyse the relationship between these indexes and the results from wearing - clothing test. some elementary results were obtained
研究了在環境溫度高於人體體表溫度（稱逆溫差）條件下，服裝用織物的熱濕舒適性能，提出使用當量熱阻、熱阻、濕阻及透氣率作為在此條件下織物的熱濕舒適性物理指標，指出了在此條件下其特殊含義.並且用織物微氣候儀測試了此條件下7種織物的熱濕舒適性指標，與對比穿著試驗的結果進行了分析，得出了一些初步規律In this part, the high - frequency series inverter with resonant pole capacitor is introduced mainly. the current - exchanging processes of the inverter in different working modes are analyzed, how to reduce the switching loss is discussed, and the calculating methods of snubber capacitor c, factor angle switching frequency and pulse width pw are given in optimum switching process. and results of simulation and experiment verify the validity of theoretic analysis
接著重點研究了含有諧振極無損緩沖電容的逆變器，對其換流過程中的不同工作狀態進行分析，討論了如何減小逆變器的開關損耗，給出了最佳工作狀態下緩沖電容c 、感性角、開關頻率、觸發脈沖的脈寬pw的詳細計算方法，並通過大量的模擬和實驗波形證明了理論分析的正確性。分享友人