防衛度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fángwèidù]
防衛度
英文
protection ratio-
We should thoroughly criticize the viewpoint of absolutely infinite defence in theory, standardizing law terms and normalizing intension, extension and claims of implementing detailed rules of article 20, section 3 of the criminal law according to legislation and judicature. at the same time we should avoid ambiguity and abuse to the legal provision and resume the essence of defence right. otherwise unnecessary confusion would be brought about
我們必須在理論上徹底批判絕對的無限防衛的觀點，從立法和司法等多角度全面規范我國《刑法》第20條第3款的內涵、外延及實施細則要求，盡量規范法律用語，最大限度地杜絕社會對法條的歧義和濫用，還防衛權以本來面目，否則必然會給社會帶來不必要的混亂。Citing the national separatism of the former yugoslavia as an example, the chapter aims at the illustrating the point that spreading widely in the world after the cold war, national separatism has become the main manifestation of global nationalism in the political area. the chapter also provides a thorough analysis of pan - turkism with the purpose of illustrating the situation of interwoven " separations " and " unifications " in political regards as the result of pan - nationalism gaining prominence in political nationalism after the cold war and how such situation has brought instability to the international community. in the context of economic globalization, global nationalism presents in the economic fields not only ultra - national and ultra - state communication and cooperation but also competition, confrontation and conflicts between nations and states
以前南斯拉夫民族分離主義為例，說明民族分離主義在冷戰后蔓延於世界各地並成為世界民族主義在政治領域中表現出來的主流；以泛突厥主義為例，說明泛民族主義在冷戰后政治民族主義中凸顯出來，構成了冷戰后政治民族主義「分」 、 「聚」相互交織的景象，從而對國際社會帶來的不穩定因素；在經濟全球化的背景下，世界民族主義在經濟領域內既有超國家、超民族間的交往與合作，也有民族國家之間的競爭、摩擦、矛盾和沖突;冷戰後文化民族主義在不同發展程度的國家表現形式不同所產生的影響也不同，出現了「防衛性」的文化民族主義和「殖民性」的文化民族主義。Far - end crosstalk ratio
遠端串音防衛度On the indian subcontinent, just as most of the rest of the world is moving away from nuclear danger, india and pakistan risk sparking a new arms race
中國已經實踐其諾言，不協助沒有防衛措施的第三國核子設施，也正在研擬一套出口管制制度，以防止大規模毀滅性武器的轉移或銷售。The arguments concentrate on two aspects primarily, one is whether the defense ’ s limit should be included in the concept of justifiable defense or not, the other is whether justifiable defense must do harm to the people who infringe the law or not. about the first question, someone oppose nominally and consider that the defense ’ s limit should not appear in the literal statement of the concept of justifiable defense, others oppose substantively and consider that the defense ’ s limit is not the element of justifiable defense and excessive defense should be bring into category of justifiable defense. in my opinion, the former standpoint apprehends the legal rules of justifiable defense solely and not associate with the legal rules of excessive defense
本文認為:防衛限度條件應當納入正當防衛的概念，損害性不是正當防衛的必然要求;正當防衛是由人的自我防衛這一自然權利接受法律的洗禮以後形成的法定權利，自然權利屬性和階級性都是正當防衛的正當化根據;正當防衛中的不法侵害包括緊迫的犯罪或者違法行為，不法侵害中的「不法」是主客觀相統一的不法;正當防衛的主觀條件是基於對不法侵害的認識而決意實施防衛行為的心態，特定的防衛目的不是正當防衛的主觀條件。But, there are disputing and disagreements in the theory of criminal law and juridical practice about the questions of justifiable defense ’ s concept, origin, justification, precondition and subjective condition
但是，不論在理論上還是實踐中，對于正當防衛的概念、成立條件、行為限度等問題都存在著一定的爭議和分歧。The researchers tested all the people for the level of cd - four cells in their blood. these cells are a measure of the strength of the body ' s defense system
研究者們測試了病例血液中cd - 4細胞的水平度。這些細胞是加強人體防衛系統的一項措施。Once mike ' s taken up a defensive attitude, it ' s difficult to persuade him that ' s nothing to be afraid of
一旦邁克採取了防衛態度，就很難使他相信沒有什麼可怕的。With the development of social economy and science technology, rf ( radio frequency ) card technology is more broadly applied by all kinds of trades, specially such as mass transit, wireless communication identify finance trade and safety - defend etc we use usually magnetic card or touch ic ( intelligent card ) in the past, but the shortage is that the card is read - write low efficiency frictional waste and short life, so that it ca n ' t guarantee the reliability of system for long term running
隨著社會經濟和科技的發展，射頻卡技術越來越廣泛地應用於各種行業，特別是公共交通、無線通信、身份識別、金融交易和安全防衛等行業。過去，智能卡應用領域常採用磁卡或接觸式ic卡，但由於讀寫速度慢，易磨損，使用壽命短，無法保證系統長期運行的可靠性和方便性。And it justifies the afterwards defense in a certain extent
這在一定程度上賦予事後防衛行為以正當性。The attribution of one ' s own attitudes, feelings, or desires to someone or something as a naive or unconscious defense against anxiety or guilt
不自主的防衛行為把某人自己的態度、感覺或慾望歸因到某人或某事上，以此作為與焦慮或內疚相對抗的幼稚或不自覺的反抗Chapter hi on the ground of the analysis of different opinions over the constitution of special defense, analyses and probes into the constitution of special defense in details which includes premise condition, time condition, object condition as well as subject condition, this part especially probes into the intension of the word of assault which brings about huge controversy
其除了具有正當防衛權的共同特徵以外，還具有自己特有的屬性，即法益保護的單一性，防衛行為指向的特定性，防衛強度的無限性以及防衛前提的限制性。第三章，在剖析理論界對特殊防衛構成的不同觀點的基礎上，詳盡地分析和探討了特殊防衛的構成要件。On the limit of justifiable defense, every country experienced a long and complicated process from loose restriction to narrow restriction, and then to loose again
在古今中外的刑事立法上，國家在對正當防衛的強度問題上，都經歷了從限制過寬到限制較嚴，再從限制較嚴到放寬限制這樣一個復雜而漫長的演變過程。Missing institution and savings substation : precautionary savings of chinese farm households and hypothesis test. cao heping
制度缺失與儲蓄替代中國農戶防衛性儲蓄機制的行為發現與理論檢驗曹和平If a person ' s act of justifiable defence obviously exceeds the limits of necessity and causes serious damage, he shall bear criminal responsibility ; however, he shall be given a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment
正當防衛明顯超過必要限度造成重大損害的，應當負刑事責任，但是應當減輕或者免除處罰。It is justice that urges people to use the weapon of defense to safeguard their rights, it is rationality that spurs people to restrict their defense while struggling against unlawful infringement, and it is evil that compels people to loosen the limit of justifiable defense again after consideration
是正義的力量促使人們拿起防衛的武器來捍衛自己的權利，是理性的力量促使人們在同不法侵害行為作斗爭時又提出了各種限制性條件，又是邪惡的力量迫使人們在對防衛限度作出反思后又放寬對防衛強度的限制。The new mccain - kennedy bill will put more emphasis on beefing up the border, punishing errant employers, enforcing the law and assimilating new immigrants
這部新麥凱恩肯尼迪方案更注重邊境防衛以及對隨意雇傭非法移民的僱主的懲罰並且強調要加強法律執行力度並且吸收新移民等舉措。Security was tight across the island as people remembered the 15 indonesians, four australians and one japanese killed in triple suicide bombings last year
由於人們仍記得十五個印度尼西亞人、四個澳大利亞人和一個日本人在去年三次自殺性爆炸事故中喪生的，小島防衛措施十分嚴密。Part 1 : a brief account of the crime obstructeclin this part, the author compared the appellations of the acts such as legal defense and so on, and put forward a new terms : the crime obstructed. this terms has merit as follows : in the first place, it is named in the point of view of the constitution of crime, so we can avert the abuse that people named them in the angle of criminal attribute, but studied them not in the part of criminal attribute ; secondly, it can integrate the fortuious event, the force majesture, the severe damages of people who has criminal incapacity that in traditional theories are studied in the interior of the constitution of crimes and the acts such as legal defence, etc., because they have a common ground : not to accord with the constitution of crimes. thirdly, it is accurate and lucid terms. besides appellation, the author discussed the concept and feature of the crime obstructed in this part
該部分詳細比較了我國學者對以正當防衛為代表的一系列行為的稱謂，提出了「犯罪阻卻事由」這個新術語。並認為使用這一術語有如下優點：一是從犯罪構成的角度來命名，避免了其他術語從犯罪屬性的角度命名但又不在犯罪屬性這部分來研究的弊端；二是它能將傳統理論放在犯罪構成內部研究的意外事件、不可抗力與無刑事責任能力人的嚴重損害行為與正當防衛等統一起來，因為它們有一個共同點：不符合犯罪構成；三是這個術語準確而又簡潔。除稱謂外，這部分還研究了犯罪阻卻事由的概念與特徵。In this part, the author to the traditional justifiable defense constitution " five important documents said " proposed the objection, but advocated new " four important documents said ", and aimed at various important documents to launch the concrete elaboration. compares each viewpoint in the analysis in the foundation, does the author to the imaginary defense crime form and processing, whether violate to the indirect principal offender and the help implements the justifiable defense, how understood justifiable defense question and so on boundary condition proposed is different in the logically coherent argument new position
在該部分，筆者首先對傳統的正當防衛構成「五要件說」提出了異議，而主張新的「四要件說」 ，並針對各要件展開了具體論述;其次在分析比較各種觀點的基礎上，筆者對假想防衛的罪過形式及處理、對間接正犯和幫助犯能否實行正當防衛、如何理解正當防衛的限度條件等問題提出了不同於通說的新主張。分享友人