降水次數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jiàngshuǐcìshǔ]
降水次數
英文
frequency of precipitation-
Analyzing the physics structure of vorticity, divergence, vertical velocity, frontogenesis " function, apparent heat source and apparent moist sink etc. indicated the physics fields are favorable for the occurance of the heavy rain over changjiang - huaihe river basin where the physics values are well according to the heavy rainstorm positions ; the low level jet is closely subject to the moisture and the coupled system of the low and the upper level jetstreams induced the strongly " ascending motion ; the intensity of the frontogenesis varies with the development of the rainfall system and reacts the rainfall intensity
主要分析了這次過程中的多種物理量，包括渦度、散度、垂直速度、鋒生函數、視熱源、視水汽匯等，對這一暴雨過程有了比較系統的認識。結果表明：在江淮流域存在著有利於發生暴雨的物理量場配置，渦度、散度、垂直速度等物理量，與暴雨的落區都很吻合的；低空急流的產生不僅有利於水汽的輸送，而且高低空急流的耦合造成了有利於強上升運動的配置；鋒生強度隨著降水系統的發展變化，並影響降水強度。This paper use the ncep / ncar day - to - day reanalysis data of 500hpa high field and so on, choose ural mountain, baikal, okhotsk as the key district, the mid - high latitude of eurasia circulation courses that have long duration ( scale of time is middle, namely during 10 - 30 day ), maybe continue continuously after being intermittence of 1 - 2 days in middle, appear repeatedly is for research object, define an index " i " of the circulation pattern over mid - high latitude of eurasia. a method is proposed to identify the summer typical persistent circulation pattern at 500hpa levels over eurasia mid - high latitude. the climate characteristics of those typical persistent circulation patterns are studied
本文利用ncep / ncar再分析逐日500hpa高度場等資料，選擇烏拉爾山、貝加爾湖、鄂霍次克海這三個地方作為關鍵區，以夏季歐亞中高緯度持續時間長（時間尺度屬于中間時間尺度，即10 ? 30天之間） 、中間可能會間歇1 、 2天然後又繼續持續、反復出現的環流過程為研究對象，定義了一個夏季歐亞中高緯流型指數，在此基礎上提出了一種對夏季歐亞中高緯500hpa典型持續流型的界定方法，研究了典型持續流型的氣候特徵，分析了流型指數的年代際變化，以及對應不同階段、不同流型的降水場、加熱場、海溫場等的主要特徵。Adopting high resolution nested grid project and proper physical parameter, a mei - yu heavy rain process during eight july 22, 2002 and eight july 23, 2002 and the meso - b - scale systems alongwith it, were simulated by use of psu / ncar meso - scale nonstatic numerical forecast model mm5 in this paper. the simulation result describes successfully the spatial and temporal distribution of this rain process and the developing course of the concomitant meso - ? - scale systems
本文利用psu ncar的中尺度非靜力數值預報模式mm5 ，採用高解析度套網格方案和適當的物理過程，對2002年7月22日08時到23日08時的一次強梅雨暴雨過程和伴隨的中-尺度系統進行了數值模擬，結果很好地描述了本次暴雨降水的時空分佈及相伴隨的中-尺度系統的發生發展過程。The interdecadal characteristics of correlation pattern of interannual relationship between winter sea - ice extent of davis strait and august 500hpa height of northern hemisphere is " + - + " pattern from ural mountains to north of sea of okhotsk which is strongly negatively correlated with the august rainfall of north china before 1974, and it has not apparent correlation pattern in europe - asia continent after 1974
1974年前，冬季戴維斯海峽海冰面積和北半球8月500hpa位勢高度場的相關系數呈一個自烏拉爾山開始到鄂霍次克海以北分佈的「 + - + 」型，該型和8月華北降水的反相關較好； 1974年後，相關在歐亞大陸地區變差，沒有明顯的相關型，冬季戴維斯海峽海冰面積和8月華北降水關系變差。By surveying the sample plot, the relations between the stabil ity of the mountai n slope of soil preparation for planting by using explosion and other factors s uch as precipitation, terrain ， were studied. by using the method of quantitative t heory i, the interrelation between the damaged degrees of soil preparation progra ms by using explosion in low mountain area with abundant precipitation and terrain factors was systematically analysed, and the mathematical models relate d were developed. the results show that the precipitation in early days and the m aximum precipitation per day are the primary factors causing the soil prepara tion program damaged. the main terrain factors of the mountain slope that affect the program stability are according to their importance, slope, position and dir ection. the suitable mountain slope for soil preparation by using explosion is th e slope of less than 25
通過典型標準樣地調查資料，探討了造林爆破整地工程的坡地穩定性與降水、地形等因子的相互關系，應用數量化理論，對在有充分降水條件下的低山丘陵區的爆破整地工程損失程度與地形因子之間的關系進行了系統分析，並建立了相應的數學模型，研究指出，充分的前期降水和日最大降雨量是引起爆破整地工程損失的激發因素；影響爆破整地工程穩定性的主要地形因子是地面坡度，其次為坡位、坡向，實施爆破整地工程的地面坡度以不超過25為宜。The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film
試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。The grade composite, road performance and its mechanism are systemically studied. 1 ) the aggregate grade of ogfc is studied through the volume method base on the analysis of the aggregate grades. then the grade is verified and the relation between the grade and pore rate is studied statistically, the typical grades of ogfc are developed ; 2 ) the reasonable pore rate of ogfc is studied on the basis of the balance of mechanics and function performance ; 3 ) the mineral fiber is added to the ogfc mixes to increase asphalt content, thus the anti - water performance of ogfc mixes are improved ; 4 ) high viscous asphalt fit for the preparation of ogfc is prepared through composite modification by sbs and rubber powder ; 5 ) the mechanics mechanism of ogfc is studied in the paper, it shows : asphalt paste, as well as the coarse aggregate skeleton, is essential to the mechanics of ogfc
在分析各國ogfc級配的基礎上，運用礦料體積法進行ogfc級配設計，用正交實驗對礦料級配進行了優化設計，運用數理統計方法分析礦料級配和孔隙率之間的關系，並回歸出礦料關鍵篩孔通過率與ogfc骨架空隙結構關系的數學方程，進而提出了ogfc的合理級配；通過對不同孔隙率典型級配混合料的性能研究，綜合力學和功能性能，得出了ogfc的合理孔隙率范圍：針對高速公路面層對ogfc力學性能方面的要求，本文從瀝青膠結材料、纖維穩定劑兩方面對ogfc的性能進行改善：通過sbs和橡膠粉復合改性的方法開發出了適合ogfc的高粘度改性瀝青，摻加聚合物纖維，提高ogfc的最佳瀝青用量，進而改善了混合料的高溫性能和抗水損害性能，優化設計出能滿足高速公路路用性能，車轍動穩定度達5000次/ mm以上，動融劈裂強度比90 ，透水系數31ml / s ，並具有防滑降噪功能的開級配瀝青磨耗層（ ogfc ）混合料。Based on t213 and other observational datasets, a severe heavy rain occurred in changjiang - huaihe basins during 4 - 5 july 2003 is studied. the primary diagnostic analyses show that double or single block is the characteristics of the macroscale circulation in this rainfall process. the strong conflict of warm and cold mass, mesoscale convergence on meiyu front, shear line, and stably maintaining of high and low jets make for the rainfall
本文採用地面高空常規資料，每6h一次的降水資料，以及t213數值預報資料，對2003年7月4 - 5日發生在江淮地區的一次梅雨鋒暴雨過程的影響系統及其可能機制進行了初步的診斷分析，發現，高緯雙阻、單阻形勢是這次暴雨過程發生的大尺度環流特徵；冷暖空氣的激烈交鋒、梅雨鋒上的中尺度輻合線、 700hpa 、 850hpa上的低渦、切變線以及穩定維持的高低空急流是導致這場暴雨的直接影響系統；該地區維持一個高能、飽和、潛在不穩定的環境，有利於特大暴雨的產生和維持。Secondly, by means of arranging and analyzing the construction monitor data, the practicality method of proposing the dewatering calculation model and parameters of the non - constantly pumping dewatering well was proposed, moreover the equivalent calculation model and parameters of the erhe project was proposed. thirdly, based on calculating the design scheme of dewatering well with the equivalent calculation model, the optimized scheme of dewatering well of the erhe project was proposed and the well number was reduced to 32 where it was 42 in the old scheme. at last, based on the well construction, the dewatering well structure and constructing technique in the soft soil area were exploited in addition, the significative analysis and evaluation attitudes to the old design scheme of dewatering well project were impersonally proposed
首先，根據工程地質及水文地質條件和工期分析，提出了「二河」降水井的設計方案；其次，通過系統整理分析抽水井的施工監測記錄，提出了用降水井的施工監測確定非定常抽水降水井井流模型和參數的實用方法，並建立和確定了「二河」降水井非定常抽水、有越流的完整潛水井等效模型和參數；接著，通過用等效井流模型進行降水井方案的計算，提出了「二河」降水井的優化方案，使原方案的42眼井降到32眼井；最後，通過對降水井成井施工實踐的總結，開發了適于軟土區的降水井結構和成井施工技術。Thus it makes various weathers at definite region. by analysis physical diagnose quantities, we can easily find that the vertical movement, the vapor transfer, the stability at t - logp chart, all related with the precipitation when rainstorm occurs. they gave plus effects to the rainstorm
通過對物理量的分析可以看出，降水發生時的垂直運動場、水汽通量、 t - logp的穩定度參數等物理量值，非常有利於暴雨的產生、發展和維持，也就造成了這次遼西地區大范圍的暴雨過程。Detailed diagnoses is made on a heavy - hard rain in the northeast qinghai - xizang plateau using ncep data of 1 x 1 with 6h intervals, more complete and integrated conventional observational data and the data set of automatic meteorological stations in plateau and new generation doppler radar data and satellite images and etc. the following conclusions can be drawn : 1. the distribution of heavy - hard rain, which is characteristics of valley topography in northeast qinghai - xizang plateau is obviously effected by topography. the distribution of yearly mean precipitation and the frequencies of heavy - hard rain in this area are descending from east to west
本文首先利用ncep時間間隔為6小時的1 1的格點資料、更全面、更為完整的常規探測資料和高原地區布設的自動氣象站資料、新一代多卜勒天氣雷達資料、衛星雲圖資料等對高原東北部地區大到暴雨的天氣、氣候特徵及大尺度環流背景進行分析，形成對高原暴雨的整體認識，並為以後的數值模擬提供大尺度環流背景及依據，分析中發現： 1 、高原東北部地區大到暴雨的分佈明顯受到地形影響，年降水量和大到暴雨次數自東向西呈階梯性遞減趨勢，分別在高原東北部的外流河谷地區和四川北部地區存在大值中心。Moreover, in the research, we also find that during the specific process of implementing the high - level cognitive teaching task, the decline of cognitive level maybe have the following possibilities : the higher gradation of high - level cognitive task ? he low - level cognitive task ( decline ), the higher gradation of high - level cognitive task ? nsystematic exploration ( decline ), the higher gradation of high - level cognitive task ? on - mathematic activities ( decline ), the lower gradation of high - level cognitive task ? he low - level cognitive task ( decline )
而且在研究中我們還發現，高認知水平數學任務在具體實施過程中其認知水平出現下降的最主要的幾種可能是：較高層次的高認知水平任務下降為低認知水平任務、較高層次的高認知水平任務下降為無系統的探究、較高層次的高認知水平任務下降為非數學活動、較低層次的高認知水平任務下降為低認知水平任務。Second, the bar of the frequency - distribution and the curve of lorenz and the g coefficient are talked about the spatial distribution of day to day precipitation. the results show that the heterogeneous of day precipitation is strong on every day in a year. the spatial distribution model is left skew all in four seasons and it is different from the monthly precipitation
其次利用全國700個測站逐日降水資料的空間分佈頻數直方圖及洛倫茲曲線和基尼系數闡述了我國逐日（ 24小時）降水非均勻性的事實，直方圖顯示全國范圍內逐日降水的水平空間分佈型在四季都是一種明顯左偏態型，與月降水量的水平空間分佈型略有不同；基尼系數值的月際變化也與月降水量的變化相反。Summer precipitation in northeast china ranging from 1960a to 2000a and ncep reanalysis data is applied to study the temporal and spatial features of summer rainfall and extreme precipitation in northeast china. the results show : 1 summer rainfall in northeast china exhibits upward trend with the cycle variation of 14 years and 2 to 4 years. two abrupt changes occurs in summer rainfall with its happening time on 1964 and 1988 / 89
利用東北地區99個測站的1960 ? 2000年夏季逐日降水資料，以及ncep再分析資料，採用旋轉經驗正交函數、 morlet小波分析、合成分析等方法分析了東北地區夏季降水的演變特徵和降水異常的環流背景，得出主要結論如下： 1東北地區夏季降水存在著減少趨勢，並且有14年和2 4年的周期存在，降水發生過兩次突變現象，分別發生在1964年和1984 85年之間。In other words, it adopts the principle of main prevention and planned examination to enhance the equipment reliability. in the water power station, whether mechanical equipments maintenance or electric equipments maintenance, the planned maintenance is adopted in the whole of maintenance in order to accomplish the production - reliability target for increasing economy benefit. the production - reliability target includes fof ( forced outage factor ), eaf ( equivalent availability factor ), po ( times of planned outage ), uo ( times of unplanned outage ) etc
在水電廠，不論機械設備還是電器設備，幾乎都是採用固定周期的檢修或更換的處理方法預防事故的發生，完成發電企業確定的可靠性生產指標:提高機組的等效可用系數，降低強迫停運次數，減少機組的非計劃停運次數（次/臺年）等，從而提高企業的經濟效益。Order to minimize the effect of construction on the public, apart from the active replacement of old pipes, we have also introduced a new method for continuous water supply to be used in particular places, so as to reduce the scope and frequency of water suspension. even though the cost is higher, it can effectively prevent water pollution and reduce water loss during the construction
了降低施工對民眾造成的影響，本處除積極汰換老舊管線外，也引進新的不斷水工法，用在特定場合以縮減停水范圍和次數，雖然成本較高，卻可有效防止水質污染減少施工時所流失的水量。Secondly set up the well mathematics model during the hole precipitation of the base of horizontal well and worked out the three - dimensional finite element calculation procedure
其次建立了水平單井在基坑降水中的數學模型並編制了三維有限元計算程序。With software and hardware co - design method, this paper proposes an algorithm to calculate register lifetime in programs, and the control of writing results back into rf is implemented through an enable control signal provided by instruction encoding at compile time
基於軟硬體協同設計的思想，在研究局部變量生存期演算法的基礎上，本文提出了通過編譯器指令編碼實現對硬體結構的使能控制，即控制流水輸出結果是否寫回寄存器文件，以減少對寄存器文件的寫次數，從而降低寄存器文件埠的讀寫壓力。Cassava root is used for carbohydrate source in tropical region. quality of cassava starch is variable and affected by many factors. an attempt was made to evaluate the effect of peeling, washing and drying on starch purity and starch paste viscosity. paste viscosity were based on results of rapid visco analysis ( rva ). the results of this study revealed that : peeling, washing and drying temperature significantly affected cassava starch purity and starch paste viscosity. the starch from unpeeling root had a dullness color, but had higher peak viscosity, trough, final viscosity, breakdown and setback than that of starch from peeling root. more washing not only increased starch purity, but also improved starch past characteristics, such as peak viscosity, trough, final viscosity, setback and pasting temperature. different drying temperature had no effect on starch whiteness. starch purity had a little increase with drying temperature increasing. in general trend, starch dried at higher temperature had higher peak viscosity, trough, breakdown, final viscosity and higher setback
木薯在熱帶地區是碳水化合物的主要來源.木薯澱粉的品質受許多因素的影響.本項研究著重探討澱粉提取過程中，削皮、水洗、乾燥溫度對澱粉純度、白度和澱粉糊化粘度的影響.結果表明，未削皮的澱粉樣品色發灰，但具有比削皮處理高的峰值粘度、 95最後粘度、 50時粘度、峰值降和持久性.增加水洗次數，不但能增加澱粉純度，還可提高澱粉高峰值粘度、 95最後粘度、 50時粘度、持久性和糊化溫度.不同乾燥溫度對澱粉白度無影響，但澱粉純度隨乾燥溫度的提高而稍稍增加.通常高的乾燥溫度有高的峰值粘度、 95最後粘度、峰值降、 50時粘度和持久性A study and experiment on severe rainfall with numerical weather forecast in ningxia using geostationary meteorological satellite infrared data in order to improve the ability of torrent rainfall forecast in ningxia, which locates in northwest of china with an arid climate, the relationship between geostationary meteorological satellite infrared data and summer hourly precipitation in ningxia was analyzed, the geostationary meteorological satellite infrared data were applied to retrieve the relative humidity at medium and low layers of atmosphere
強降水預報是中尺度數值預報的難點之一。為了提高數值預報模式對位於中國西北乾旱地區寧夏的強降水預報能力，本文研究了地球同步氣象衛星紅外資料與寧夏夏季逐時降水的關系。應用地球同步氣象衛星紅外資料，通過優選人工神經網路和最優擬合后的非線性回歸這兩種非線性方法，反演了寧夏自地表到300hpa不同層次的相對濕度。分享友人