集團政治 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jítuánzhèngzhì]
集團政治 英文
clique politics
  • 集 : gatherassemblecollect
  • 團 : Ⅰ名詞1 （團子） dumpling 2 （成球形的東西） sth shaped like a ball 3 （工作或活動的集體） group; ...
  • 政 : 名詞1 （政治） politics; political affairs 2 （國家某一部門主管的業務） certain administrative as...
  • 治 : Ⅰ動詞1 （治理） rule; administer; govern; manage 2 （醫治） treat （a disease）; cure; heal 3 （...
  • 集團 : group; clique; circle; ring; bloc
  • 政治 : politicspolitical affairs
  1. It is mainly a faith or ideology with which some actor ( an individual, a group or a nation ), for the purpose of realizing some political, economic, cultural interests suppressed, driven by hatred and retaliative motivation, takes by specific and secret individual or small group unconventional extreme measures which are abrupt and unpredictable, and utilizes every means which is as harmful as possible to the opposite, and often violent enough to endanger the innocent or to massacre with malice aforethought the innocent and lead to huge social panic, to attack the opposite

    它主要是指一定的行為體（個人、團體或國家）為使受到壓制的一定政治、經濟、文化等利益能夠實現，在仇恨和報復性動機的驅使下，通過特定的個人或小集團採用突然的、難以預料的非常規方式，利用一切可能危害對方的、常常是暴力殃及無辜或蓄意濫殺無辜等足以產生巨大社會恐慌效果的手段打擊對方的一種信仰或意識形態。
  2. In an authoritarian system anyone who wants to remain part of the leadership inevitably stumbles into fields of force where political battles are in progress.

    在一個極權主義的制度下，誰要想呆在領導集團里，誰就不可避免地會捲入到勾心鬥角的政治傾軋中去。
  3. Insecure and fearful of its own people, the oligarchy preserves itself through tyranny.

    由於擔心和害怕自己的人民，統治集團只能靠實行暴政來維護其統治。
  4. On the role of interest groups in american politics

    論利益集團在美國政治中的作用
  5. Former defense minister ma of the opposition likud party, “ the political level, the prime minister. the defense minister, they carry the major burden of the fiasco of the second lebanese war

    反對黨利庫德集團的前國防部長ma稱「在政治層面上，總理和國防部長，均應為第二次黎巴嫩戰爭的失敗負主要責任。 」
  6. Former defense minister ma of the opposition likud party, “ the political level, the prime minister. the defense minister, they carry the major burden of the _ _ 16 _ _ of the second lebanese war

    反對黨利庫德集團的前國防部長ma稱「在政治層面上，總理和國防部長，均應為第二次黎巴嫩戰爭的失敗負主要責任。 」
  7. Under a reported deal worked out with the prime minister, peres will support kadima, the centrist party sharon formed last week after leaving the hard - line likud, but he will not officially join the party and he will not run for a seat in parliament, where he has served since 1959

    在和沙龍總理達成一項傳聞中的交易后，以色列老資格政治家、原工黨主席佩雷斯將支持沙龍的前進黨，即沙龍在放棄利庫德集團強硬路線后，上周新組建的一支溫和黨派，但是，佩雷斯將不會正式加入該黨，他自1959年起在議會任職，而這次他也不會競選議會中職位。
  8. Based on game thoery, this article reviews the mode of american interest groups " decision - making participation, investigates multi - fuction of various interest groups " game. and then simulates the model of interest group " s political participation model, proving related polycentrism & postpolycentrism interest group thoery in the frame of double game thoery. charpter 2, 3, 4 are main contents

    本文在博弈論的基礎上，考察了美國利益集團參與政治決策的方式，研究了各種利益集團的相互博弈形式，並模擬了利益集團的政治參與的最優化目的模型，在雙層博弈的框架內印證了有關的多元主義? ?后多元主義利益集團理論。
  9. Pressure groups exist. in fact they abound in the american political system.

    壓力集團是存在的。事實上美國政治體制中有的是壓力集團。
  10. Therefore, chapter two analyzes that political and economical multiplicity played more important roles in modern china society. political multiplicity involved the rising of the regional political forces and the appe

    政治多元化是指參與政治的利益主體多元化，它一方面表現為地方勢力集團的興起，另一方面表現為近代政黨的出現。
  11. How do we explain the phenomena ? first, because government ' s economic policies that is called privatize did n ' t bring about a fine array of bourgeoisie, but made many people live in poverty and few people rise to affluence ; second, because the parties are weak and haphazard, they had been founded before that economic reform caused society become divided was established and they badger with interest groups. third reason was russia ' s extreme form of presidentialism that would disadvantage citizens " political participation

    一則是由於激進的私有化改革沒有催生出大批的中產階級，反而使社會趨于極富和極貧；二則是由於在經濟變動引起的大規模的社會分化尚未確立之前就建立了政黨，其先天的軟弱性和後天的不成熟性使之更多地和利益集團糾纏在一起，受到利益集團的制約；三則是由於總統集權制的形成制約了公民政治參與的健康發展。
  12. Curry and pepper were two famous cids dealing with the criminal cases. one day, their informer ten gave them information to arrest a military weapons

    一次，二人因追查軍火案時誤捕了政治部線人，而被革職，但最後仍不顧一切，追上賊船，跟軍火集團決一生死
  13. He was on his way to a prayer rally organised by the save zimbabwe campaign, a group of political, religious and civic groups pushing for political change

    當時他正在趕往一場祈禱集會的路上，這場集會是由一個名為拯救辛巴威運動的政治，宗教和市民團體組織的，目的是推動津政治變革。
  14. Theory of interest group politics in america

    美國的利益集團政治理論綜述
  15. The politics of american public interest groups is represented by the political participation pattern of the new behaviorism

    摘要美國的公共利益集團政治表現為新的行動主義的政治參與模式。
  16. His research interests focused on interest group politics and collective action, institutional change in europe and psychology of decision - making

    他的研究范圍包括利益集團政治、歐洲政治體制變革和決策心理學等。
  17. The political communication between interest groups and congressmen makes up for the limitations of the representative system and party system, but it still has defects

    當然，利益集團政治在彌補了代議制和政黨制不足的同時，也存在自身的缺陷。
  18. Charpter 2 is preparation of the followings, discussing american interest group " s influence mode on american political sections. in charpter 3, reviews & remarks american interest group " s traditional thoery to modern pluralism & postpluralism. economic thoery, sociocultural analysis roundly, displaies the theory development process

    第三章全面地回顧了美國自傳統集團政治理論到今天的后多元主義，乃至經濟學界、社會文化學的利益集團理論，並根據美國政治的實際演變加以評述，挖掘了利益集團的理論來源和理論發展過程。
  19. Xiahou - xuan was the major representative of mr cao ' s scholar group he had put forward a series of theoretical view on political reform that represented interests of cao shuang

    摘要夏侯玄是正始、嘉平年間親曹氏名士群體的主要代表，他提出了一系列代表曹爽集團政治改革的理論主張，建議並直接指揮了意在提高曹爽聲望的伐蜀之役，受到司馬氏父子的嫉恨。
  20. Firstly, this paper sums up the concept and category of interest groups generally and observes the ways affecting the amercian politics system of tripower - schism that is employed by the interest group. then makes a conclusion and comments about all kinds of classic & modern theories for interest group from the foundation of u. s. a. and discusses clearly the theory base and history background that make the american interest group development

    本文首先就利益集團的概念、種類作了比較全面的歸納分析，考察了利益集團對今日美國三權分立政治體制的影響途徑；然後就美國自立國以來的各種關于利益集團的古典? ?近現代理論作出了歸納與評述，釐清了美國利益集團政治之所以發達的理論基礎和歷史背景。
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