面值估計法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [miànzhígūjìfǎ]
面值估計法 英文
areal value estimation
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 估 : 估構詞成分。
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 面值 : 1. （票據等上面標明的金額） par value; face value; nominal value2. （紙幣面額） denomination
  • 估計 : estimate; evaluate; take stock of; size up; calculate; appraise; reckon; estimation; forecast
  1. Second, more feature points are extracted for advanced registration based on projective transformation. compared with the ordinary method, our method has a better robust feature with higher accuracy, it also has a fully automatic feature so it need little human intervention in the whole process. the image segmentation, feature extraction, feature correspondency, and transformation model of multi - modality medical image registration are also studied in this paper

    本研究的創新之處:針對rf和fa視網膜圖像的特點，提出了新的血管細化的新方案;在特徵點提取方面，提出了「三輪定心」這種新的特徵點提取方法;提出了由「粗配」到「細配」的混合配準方法;力矩主軸法用於圖像配準參數的估計及對應性尺度參數范圍的定值。
  2. So we consider five financial indexes includes stock b / p, e / p, current stock size, current stock stru and financial levge by the international tradition, then descriptive statistical test method and cross section statistical test method proved that b / p and current stock size have marked effect on the securities yield besides coefficient b. in the third chapter, the article fut forward a risk factor model, estimates yield sequences of every risk factor by weight regression, and then estimates each risk factor coefficient of different stock by time sequence regression, at last we can reckon the portfolio risk o2p and yield rp which consists n stocks

    結合國際慣例，文章考慮了股票的凈值市價比（ b p ） ，市盈率倒數（ e p ） ，流通規模（ size ） ，流通比例（ stru ）和財務杠桿（ levge ）等五個財務指標，應用描述性統計檢驗和橫截面統計檢驗等多種方法，結果表明，除系數以外，凈值市價比（ b p ）和流通規模（ size ）對證券收益率部有重要的影響。在論文的第三章，提出了一個基於多因素的風險因子模型，並用加權回歸和時間序列回歸等方法估計出了不同證券的各風險因子系數（類似於單指數模型中的系數） ，據此，即可衡量出一個包括n只股票的組合的風險_ p ~ 2和收益率r _ p 。
  3. Firstly, by numerical and theoretical analysis, the author compares some existent confidence intervals, for example, " exact " confidence interval, wald confidence interval and bayesian confidence interval, and finds some deficiencies points of the confidence intervals, whose modification version has been proposed. also, several better confidence intervals such as are also presented. secondly, for given confidence coefficient and interval width, the author constructs a class of asymptotical two - stage interval estimate procedures. at the same time, under varies restriction of confidence coefflcientent interval width, the optional sample size of the first stage has been computed by numerical computation. the numerical computation shows that the method considered in this dissertation have good properties and applied value

    同時，由於poisson分佈的特性，我們知道不存在其參數區間長度小於0 . 5的置信區間，基於這些情況，我們主要展開了以下兩個方面的研究：一是利用數值計算分析與理論分析的方法對現有的若干置信區間如「精確」置信區間， wald置信區間， bayes置信區間等進行分析比較，發現了一些缺陷，針對這些缺陷，我們進行適當的修正，並得到幾種性質較好的置信區間如：修正大樣本區間jeffreys原則下置信區間二是針對已給定的置信系數與區間長度，我們提出了一種漸近的兩階段區間估計程序，並利用數值計算的方法，在各種置信系數與區間長度限定下，算出了最優的第一階段觀測次數（抽樣量） ，大量數據表明，本文考慮的方法性態良好，具有應用價值。
  4. In this dissertation, we firstly prove that any dirichlet problem is indeed equal to a voltages problem of networks. we give five solutions to dirichlet problem in two dimensions ; among these five solutions, we prove that the iteration solution and the solution of relaxations are exponential convergence, then we estimate their respective convergence rates ; secondly, we discuss random walks on general networks, prove that there is an one to one correspondence between networks and reversible ergodic markov chains ; thirdly, we give probabilistic interpretation of voltages for general networks : when a unit voltage is applied between a and b, making va = 1 and vb = 0, the voltage vx at any point x represents the probability that a walker starting from x will return to a before reaching b ; furthermore, we study the relationship between effective resistance and escape probability : starting at a, the probability that the walk reaches b before returning to a is the ratio of the effective conductance and the total conductance

    本文證明了任何邊值的dirichlet問題都可轉化為求解電路電壓的問題：給出了計算平面格點上dirichlet問題的5種方法：證明了迭代法和松馳法都是指數收斂的，並分別給出收斂速度的估計；討論了一般電路上的隨機徘徊，驗證了電路與可逆的遍歷markov鏈是一一對應的；給出了電路電壓的概率解釋：當把1伏電壓加於a ， b兩端，使得v _ a = 1 ， v _ b = 0時，則x點的電壓v _ x表示對應的markov鏈中，從x出發，到達b之前到達a的概率；進一步地，給出了逃離概率與有效電阻之間的關系：從a出發，在到達b之前到達a的概率為有效傳導率與通過a的總傳導率之比。
  5. The main characteristics and advantages are : on one hand, we adopted the low - complexity bussgang algorithm, and did blind estimation to ofdm sub - channel according to the mean square error criterion ( mse ) and peak distortion criterion ; on the other hand, we used the differential detection, which accelerates the convergence speed and avoid the error transmission problem resulted from the bussgang algorithm

    這兩種演算法一方面採用了低復雜度的bussgang自適應演算法，分別依據均方誤差準則和峰值失真準則對ofdm系統子通道進行盲估計；另一方面通過引入差分檢測技術，加快了演算法收斂速度，克服了bussgang演算法帶來的誤差傳播問題。
  6. Traditional methods of evaluation concern the risk and profit in the static prospect ignoring the management flexibility in the whole process, such as abandon switclu expanding investment, in this way it ca n ' t get a correct result. this paper introduce option into the investment areas, taking the flexibility in the investment process as an option, and form the concept of real options

    傳統的投資評估方法從靜態的角度考慮投資面臨的風險和收益，往往忽視管理者在整個過程中的靈活性，如放棄、轉換、擴大投資等，因此不能正確地評估投資計劃的價值，從而導致投資決策的失誤。將期權思想引入投資領域，把投資中存在的選擇權視為一種期權，就形成了實物期權概念。
  7. The paper accounts the importance and the necessity of the forecasting research to the stock return volatility of our country, and the use in practice of the forecasting about the stock return volatility, firstly, stock market of our country is divided into large scale stock 、 middle scale stock and small scale stock on the basis of stock size. secondly, according to the basic method of the mathematical statistics ， the behavior of the return volatility about single stock is described by using the model of the rolling variance estimates 。 through the relation of daily returns volatility and weekly returns volatility and the forecasting accuracy of the volatility forecasting model to various stock scale ， we do practical analysis with the forecasting research to return volatility of single stock market

    在個股收益波動性的可預測性研究方面，首先按市值規模大小將我國股票分為大盤股、中盤股和小盤股，然後利用數理統計的基本方法，用滾動樣本方差估計模型描述個股市場收益波動性的行為，並對三種股票日收益率序列及周收益率序列波動之間的關系以及波動預測模型對各種股盤的預測準確性進行了實證分析和結果檢驗。
  8. Furthermore, multi - investments can resolve the most part of nonsystematic risk. in chapter 4, the thesis estimated the value of by means of time series regression firstly. secondly, we used ways of equilibrium analysis to test the risk - return relation of shanghai a - share

    在第4章，本文先通過時間序列回歸估計了樣本股票的值，然後以上證綜合指數作為市場組合分期進行橫截面檢驗來考察上證a股的風險-收益關系，本章採用了均衡分析方法。
  9. Numerical simulations were done to show the distortion of the wavefront and the interference pattern under several kinds of typical plasma density distributions. the ray path in plasma was calculated by the numerical solution of the vector equation of light ray, when the plasma density was closing to the critical electron density of the laser frequency. through the simulations, the factors that influence the measurement were found out under different density distributions and shapes of plasma

    在此基礎上，採用數值模擬的方法，計算了在幾種典型的等離子體密度分佈下，激光波面的變化和產生的干涉圖樣；並用光線矢量微分方程的數值解法計算了當等離子體密度接近光頻臨界電子密度時，光線在等離子體中的傳播路徑，從中掌握了在不同的等離子體密度和形狀下，進行干涉測量所應估計到的因素。
  10. Thus the areas of the overlapping regions are compensated efficiently and the accuracy of measurement is highly improved. the volume of the bubbles can be estimated on the bubbles " area information, and a genetic algorithm ( ga ) based method is used to match and track bubbles in the image sequences, which solve tracking problem under complex conditions efficiently, such as some bubbles may have kinetic occlusion and crossover, some newly generated bubbles may entered into flow field and run away. a smooth kinetic locus is obtained by fitting the discrete centroids with a cubic spline function and at the same time the visual measurement is realized

    根據氣泡在圖像平面中的面積估計氣泡的體積，並對流場中的所有氣泡採用遺傳演算法進行最佳的匹配跟蹤，有效地解決了氣泡群在流場中出現如遮擋、交又、新它『出現、逃逸等復雜情況下的準確跟蹤，並採用三次樣條插值方法對離散的質心點軌跡進行擬合，得到氣泡在流場中平滑的運動軌跡，從而實現了摻氣水流特性的可視化測童。
  11. During the development, problems of actual layout have been considered, both the method using the experiential value of fitness function to identify the number of the initial rectangle parts and the method of magnifying rectangle parts to eliminate the influence of cutting gap have been advanced

    在開發過程中，全面考慮了實際排樣所面臨的種種問題，提出了用適應度函數經驗值來估計初始可排矩形件數目的方法；用矩形件放大的方法來消除切縫對排樣圖的影響。
  12. The theoretical results showed that point spread function ’ s distribution and the stray light mainly influenced the space resolving power and the measurement precision of the temperature measurement system, so we supposed some methods, which can improve the space resolving power, and the results proved the space resolution improved from 37 m to 16 m. 2. having made the space resolution come to 16 m, in order to improve the space resolving power more, we used image reconstruction method to reconstruct the

    利用這兩種方法，可以將測得的溫度場分佈中被點擴展函數卷積鈍化掉的部分復原回來，實驗測得微小面元溫度分佈在復原后溫度最高值高於復原前最高值，且分佈曲線變窄，較好地提高了系統的空間分辨能力，最終得到真實溫度分佈的最佳估計。
  13. Doing the further research on the division frequency stack on the foundation of study of predecessor, at first the residual moveout correction is done to the seismic record, make the phase axle regularity, doing foundation for the same phase stack ; then carried on division scale processing by wavelet transform ; spectrum whitening is done to each scale, the high and low frequency band need to do prolongs, the middle frequency bands only increase the value of the frequency spectrum ; several kinds of methods that estimate the value of signal - noise ratio has been studied further, and summarize their advantage and disadvantage as well as the scope of application ; the seismic record after spectrum whitening is stacked by weighting with the value of the signal - noise ratio ; then estimate the value of signal - noise ratio which is each scale section after stacking, the scale that the signal - noise ratio is big is assigned big weighting, otherwise, the scale that signal - noise ratio value is small is assigned small weight ing, and carried on weighted reconstruct to each scale section

    本文在前人研究的基礎上，在分頻疊加方面做了進一步的研究。首先對地震記錄進行剩餘時差校正，校齊同相軸，為同相疊加做好基礎工作；然後對地震記錄用小波變換的方法進行分尺度處理；對各個尺度分別做譜白化，對于高、低頻段需要做頻帶延拓，中間頻段僅提升頻譜值；對于幾種信噪比定量估計的方法進行了深入的研究，並且總結了它們的優缺點以及適用范圍；對譜白化后的地震記錄用信噪比估計值作為加權系數進行加權疊加；對于各尺度的疊加剖面也進行信噪比估計，對于信噪比大的尺度給予大的加權系數，反之，信噪比值小的尺度給予小的加權系數，對各尺度疊加剖面進行加權重構。
  14. There is another approach. utilizing the basic theory of return and risk and the main methodologies and models of asset valuation, we can study the implied risk premium from the current share prices by incorporating stock analysts " forecast on companies " earnings and growth. by comparing the implied risk premium with the actual risk level of the particular investment, we can decide better whether its valuation is fair

    在主要投資價值分析方法和分析模型基礎上，本文換了一個角度，從風險收益基礎理論出發，研究利用更符合實際的三階段估值模型，結合證券分析師對企業贏利和未來增長的估計，測算證券定價背後隱含的風險回報水平，通過考察風險補償率是否與該投資面臨的風險水平相匹配，來更好的解決證券定價合理評判這個問題。
  15. Secondly, the dissertation proposes a novel blind symbol - timing scheme for ofdm systems based on cyclostationarity feature of received symbols. the proposed schemes also exploits the periodicity of ofdm symbol introduced by cyclic prefix, by applying 2 - dimentional fourier transformation and choosing the appropriate correlation peak value as the symbol start location, the precision of this scheme is higher than previous conventional method. thirdly, the dissertation presents analysis with regard to channel estimation of ofdm systems. several interpolation algorithm in ofdm systems which based on pilot sequence have been analyzed in the first instance, and the influence of the channel noise on interpolation precision has discussed. the theoretic analysis and simulation results show that : the interpolation error induced by the precision of interpolation procedure itself has out weight

    第三，論文在ofdm系統的通道估計方面，先對基於導頻的ofdm通道估計中的多種插值方法進行了分析，討論了噪聲對插值精度的影響，指出插值本身的精度所造成的插值誤差遠大於噪聲所帶來的插值誤差，從而階次更高的插值演算法在實用中並非最優的;並指出插值濾波法比變采樣率演算法對噪聲的影響更為敏感，在信噪比較高時插值濾波演算法比變采樣率演算法更優。
  16. This text includes the preface and totally contain the following six parts : the preface, it introduces the original reasons about the evaluating of forest resources value ; the first part, discussing the basic theories of the evaluation of forest asset value and its checking, and it primarily includes the both side contentsione is a basic theories of asset evaluation, which introduce the three basic methods : namenly marketing method, income method and cost method ; the other is 《 the no. 41 of international accountant standard - agriculture 》 that its related rules point out the direction for the checking of forest asset value ; the second part, primarily discussing the four kinds of forest asset : namely the characteristics and evaluation methods of woodland asset, wood asset forest enviroment and forest landscape asset ; the third part, talking about specialities of accountant report forms and accountant checking of all categories of subjects of forest asset ; the four part, taking the example of shifang forest ry station of forest asset valuation circumstance, and after the analysis make an important conclusion that the forest and twood managements have the tremendous positive exterior - economic effection. in addition, the thesis take the example of forest resource evaluating and accounting about the station ; the fifth part, finally talking about doing the forest resources value evaluating and accounting well must do resolution problems and carry out the foreground of it

    本文包括前言共有六個部分，概述如下：前言，談研究森林資產價值評估及核算的緣起；第一部分，論述森林資產價值評估及核算的理論基礎，主要包括兩方面內容：一是資產評估的基本理論，重點談了資產評估的三種最基本的方法，即市場法、收益法和成本法；二是《國際會計準則第41號? ?農業》有關規定為森林資產價值核算指明了方向;第二部分，主要論述四種森林資產，即林地資產、林木資產、森林環境、森林景觀資產的特點和評估方法;第三部分，談森林資產各科目的會計核算及會計報表的特殊性;第四部分，以什郁林場森林資產的評估情況為例，進行分析並得出結論?對森林、林木的經營管理，具有極大的外部經濟正效應，另外列舉了該場森林資產會計核算部分實例;第五部分，最後談到做好森林資產價值評估及核算還須解決的問題和其發展前景。
  17. For solving the corresponding discretization equation, there are few re - sults on the construction of efficient solvers. most existing results only presented the related error estimate for a concrete problem discretized by covolume methods. in this paper, hierarchical basis method, domain decomposition method and precondtioned gmres method are constructed

    並且大部分已有研究結果均集中於給出對某一具體問題用有限體積法離散后的誤差估計，而對于如何高效求解其離散方程，這一無論從理論上講，還是從實際應用角度出發都具有重要意義和巨大實用價值的問題，目前這方面的研究結果還很少。
  18. With the rapid development of modern computer science and information technology, and with the marvelous renovation of image identification, mtt comes out into the open and is of great practical value in the field of military defence, medical research, traffic monitoring, astronomical prediction, intelligent supervision etc. particle filter, as a nonlinear filtering based on bayesian estimate, has an advantage in the field of nonlinear moving target tracking

    隨著現代計算機和信息技術的飛速發展及圖形識別演算法的革命性改進，多目標的實時追蹤技術脫穎而出，在軍事國防、交通監視、天文預測、智能監控等領域有著非常重要的實用價值。粒子濾波作為一種基於貝葉斯估計的非線性濾波演算法，在處理非線性運動目標跟蹤問題方面有獨到的優勢。
  19. Broadband source location method is investigated by using signal - phase - matching principle, and simulations and experiments are carried out to show the validity of the method ; two high resolution algorithms of broadband signals are proposed, which are the dft interpolation algorithm and the frequency invariant beam space algorithm. the proposed algorithms have no requirement for prior information of source locations, so the results of doa estimation can be unbiased ; a method of temporal - spatial averaging, which can improve the performance of doa estimation for uniform linear arrays, is given. this method can be applied in the most narrowband or broadband eigen - structure based high resolution algorithms

    提出了利用信號相位匹配法的寬帶信號方位估計方法並從模擬和實驗兩方面對其進行了驗證；提出了基於dft插值的和基於頻率不變響應波束域的兩種寬帶信號高分辨方位估計演算法，這兩種方法在進行方位估計時均不需要進行方位預估，從而避免了因角度預估可能帶來的估計偏差；最後提出了一種提高均勻線列陣方位估計性能的時空平均法，該方法可適用於多數窄帶或寬帶的特徵結構類高分辨方位估計演算法中。
  20. This paper emphatically researches some typical search algorithms based on block matching of motion estimation, such as 155, fss, tdl, cs and ds. aimed at questions existing in these algorithms, under the elicitation of man vision system, the author designs a new integrative pattem ( sdp ) ftom the bionic view, which shows a parallel processing idea of coarse location and accurate orientation, and then presents a new square - diamond search ( sds ) algorithm for block matching motion estimation. the results of experiment prove that not only the new sos is much faster than above traditional algorithms, but also its psnr and visual quality of the retrieval images are better than those of other algorithms, and as nearly good as that of fs

    本文重點研究了三步法（ tss ） 、四步法（ fss ） 、二維對數法（ tdl ） 、交叉法（ cs ）和菱形法（ ds ）等經典的基於塊匹配的運動估值演算法；針對它們存在的問題，在人眼視覺系統的啟發下，從仿生學的角度設計了一種新的綜合模板（ sdp ） ，它體現了粗定位和準確定位并行處理的思想，在此基礎上提出了一種新的用於塊匹配的搜索演算法?正方形?菱形搜索（ sds ）演算法；實驗證明：該演算法的搜索速度比fs 、 tss 、 fss 、 tdl 、 cs和ds都快，而且根據運動矢量恢復出的圖像在psnr和主觀視覺效果方面都和fs相當，比其它演算法要好。
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