面干狀態 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [miàngānzhuàngtài]
面干狀態 英文
surfacedry condition
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 干 : 干Ⅰ名詞1 （事物的主體或 重要部分） trunk; main part 2 （幹部的簡稱） short for cadre Ⅱ動詞1 （做...
  • 狀 : Ⅰ名詞1 （形狀） form; shape 2 （情況） state; condition; situation; circumstances 3 （陳述事件或...
  • 態 : 名詞1. （形狀; 狀態） form; condition; appearance 2. [物理學] （物質結構的狀態或階段） state 3. [語言學] （一種語法范疇） voice
  • 狀態 : status; state; condition; state of affairs: （病的）危險狀態 critical condition; 戰爭狀態 state o...
  1. We hold that the integrate effect consists of two parts : 1 + 1 > 2 and a + b = c, in terms of math : here x1, x2, . . . , xn : integrate units s : functions of new system what features an integrated system are subjective initiative, non - linear function, dynamic connection, sub - system uncertainty, selective competition. the basic factors of integration are integrate context, integrate units, integrate interface and environment, which form the integration condition respectively the basic integrate patterns covers point - to - point, pipeline and hub

    首先，深入探討了集成的內涵，即集成是指為了實現某一目標，在一定的集成環境中，若干集成單元動態地集合成一個泛邊界狀態的有機整體的過程，指出集成效應的數學解釋除了1 + 1 2外，還應該包括： a + b = c ，即若以x _ 1 ， x _ 2 ， … … ， x _ n代表集成單元， s代表集成后新系統的總功能，那麼其特徵有：主體行為性、功能非線性、關系動態性、單元泛化性、選擇競爭性；集成的基本要素包括集成背景、集成單元、集成界面和集成環境等四要素；基本模式有點到點模式、管線型模式和集線器型模式；基本條件有集成背景條件、集成單元條件、集成界面條件和集成環境條件。
  2. On the theory, the predictive function control method based on the state space is discussed and the simulation results validate the pfc method ' s advantages on robust and anti - jamming comparing with pid method by computer simulation. the application research includes the application of the software of predictive function control ( apc - pfc ) and the software of the multiple - variables predictive control ( apc - hiecori ). the former were applied in the temperature control chlorinating process and ph control in the process of zymolysis of penicillin, the latter were applied in the advanced control of reclaim equipment of lox in china petroleum & chemical corporation yangzi petrochemical co., ltd

    本文主要從理論和應用兩方面對預測控制方法進行了研究，理論方面主要是從預測函數控制的基本原理出發，研究了一般情況下的基於狀態空間描述的預測函數控制策略，並通過計算機模擬驗證了pfc演算法比常規pid演算法具有更好的魯棒性和抗干擾性：在實際工業過程的應用上，又分為兩類演算法及軟體的應用，預測函數控制策略及apc - pfc軟體的應用主要以聚乙烯氯化過程的溫度控制和青霉素發酵過程的ph值控制為主，多變量預測控制演算法和apc - hiecon軟體的應用主要以揚子石化公司的液化氣回收裝置先進控制為主。
  3. The study indicate that the surface form has no effect on kl, but has obvious effect on kll, and will affect the breaking angle and mode ; in finite plate, the boundary condition has effect on the sif and the k is bigger than in infinite plate ; the effect of the distance and the angle between cracks are all have obvious effects on the multiple crack interaction, and the interactions between cracks also have obvious effects on the sif, which can be neglect only when the distance is bigger enough

    研究表明：裂面狀態對k _的大小沒有影響，而對k _的影響卻很大，相同應力條件下，裂面狀態會影響裂紋的開裂角和開裂方式；有限板的邊界對應力強度因子有一定的影響，其k比無限板中的k略大；裂紋間的距離、夾角等因素對裂紋間的干涉效應均有較大影響，裂紋間的干涉效應對應力強度因子的影響非常顯著，只有當裂紋間的距離充分大時，干涉效應才可忽略。
  4. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  5. Based on the serious shortage of soil moisture, soil aridity and vegetation recession in this region, the following issues are studied in this dissertation : ( 1 ) the meaning of soil water and its role in the water circulation ; ( 2 ) soil water deficit and its influence to vegetation growth ; ( 3 ) the definition of soil dried layer and the causes of its formation ; ( 4 ) soil dried layer distribution and characteristics in north of shaanxi loess plateau ; ( 5 ) the primary study of measurable index of soil dried layer

    本論文主要針對黃土高原土壤水分嚴重虧缺現狀以及因之而形成的土壤干化和林草植被衰退現象，主要對以下幾方面的問題進行了研究： （ 1 ）土壤水分的意義及其在生態系統水分循環過程中的作用； （ 2 ）林草植被土壤水分虧缺狀況及其對植被生長的影響； （ 3 ）土壤干層的涵義及成因分析； （ 4 ）陜北黃土高原土壤干層的分佈及特徵； （ 5 ）土壤干層的量化指標初步研究。
  6. Abstract : currently, biosafety has become a key to transgenic technique and its products, which gain enough research space and better exploiture market or not. then, as well as we pay attention to the security, we should realize that transgenic technique and its products are essential result in human society. today, they would not simply oppose or praise gmos, but we should carry out thorough studies and estimate without influence by human feelings, so that the technique and the products are used for the benefit of mankind, not doing harm for human health and the environment. of course, we should provide some essential scientific knowledge and guidance for public people. in the paper, we will put forward some suggestions on the base of analysing transgenic products

    摘要目前，生物安全性問題已成為轉基因技術及其產品能否獲得足夠的研究空間和良好開發市場的關鍵所在.然而，在重視安全性的同時，也必須認識到轉基因技術及其產品的出現乃是人類社會發展的客觀必然.當務之急不應該是簡單地反對或者贊成，而是必須對轉基因產品進行全面、充分的研究和客觀、具體的評價，從而使其在造福於人類的同時，能有效地減少或避免對人類健康及其生存環境可能產生的潛在危害.當然，對社會公眾進行科普宣傳和指導，從而使其在對轉基因產品具有客觀了解的基礎上培養一種健康的接受心態也是必要的.本文在簡述轉基因產品安全性及其研究現狀的基礎上，提出若干對應策略，希望能引起社會各界的共識。
  7. In the layered model, transverse shear is ignored and material is assumed to be in a state of plane stress, and some other presuppositions are introduced, such as cracking of concrete takes place only in the plane perpendicular to the normal

    但是鋼筋混凝土板的非線性有限元研究目前一般都是採用分層法，將板分成若干混凝土層和鋼筋層，忽略橫向的剪切影響，各層混凝土材料按平面應力狀態處理，這與真實情況有區別。
  8. When you start the system for the first time you are greeted by a desktop that is unusually clean and tidy. no desktop icons by default

    當您第一次啟動系統的時候，你會感覺這個系統是如此的干凈整潔。預設狀態下沒有任何圖標在您的桌面上。
  9. The aspects which i specified in the draft versions of my thesis, for example, building energy performance, energy conservation models, relationship between building energy efficiency and energy conservation, description for keeping natural environmental conditions within the building, address the following problem of 1992 the governments signed the united nations framework convention on climate change ( fccc ) at the earth summit in rio de janeiro, buildings impact on natural resources and environment, to use “ ecological footprint ” concept and measuring for assessing the impact on resources and environment from use of energy in buildings, method for obtain local climate weather profiles, features of nz weather and how the weather profile associating with indoor conditions, occupants ' interface with indoor thermal conditions, history of nz building energy conservation, operation scheduling technique, analysis of nature lights and energy saving, hvac modeling, doe2 simulation methodology, layout of the figures, tables, and contents, conclusions and so on are taken as her group ' s own contents and going on research topics

    在我的畢業論文草稿里寫下的內容，比如：建築耗能運行，節能模型，建築內部的能效比和節能的關系，表述保持建築物內部的自然環境，提出1992在里約熱內盧地球高峰會議后紐西蘭政府簽署了聯合國fccc協議后的追蹤問題，建築耗能對環境和自然資源的沖擊，使用"生態腳印"的概念來評價建築耗能對自然資源和環境的沖擊，取得天氣剖面圖的方法，紐西蘭的氣候特點及天氣剖面同室內狀況的聯系，建築物內的人員對室內熱力環境的干預，紐西蘭的建築節能史，建築用能模擬運行時刻表編製法，對紐西蘭自然採光和節能的分析，建立暖通空調用能模擬和doe2模擬方法，論文內容，表格和布置，及得出的結論等等，都被這一群人當作他們自己的在使用，以及作為繼續進行的研究課題在使用。
  10. With limited disturbances considered, sliding mode control is used to design the controller, which ensures the sliding mode to be exponentially converged and the sliding manifold to be reached in limited time from any initial states. and an adaptive law is designed for the unknown inertia matrix

    使用魯棒性較強的滑模控制方法設計了控制律：滑動模態是指數收斂的；在有界干擾力矩存在時，任意初始狀態都可以在有限的時間內收斂到滑動平面；對于轉動慣量未知的情形，設計了自適應律，趨近模態是漸近收斂的。
  11. The system has been used in wood drying kiln production process since december 2002. high precise, real - time scanning, accuracy test is validated by operational result. reliability of measure result, convenience of fit and debug, long distance of signal transmission, lower price and capability of anti - noise are the performance characteristic of this system

    半年來，實際運行結果表明，該系統能夠高精度、實時巡測窯內溫度、平衡含水率、木材含水率等乾燥過程基本參數，準確提供乾燥狀態信息，具有測量參數全面、測量結果可靠、系統功能豐富、安裝調試方便、信號傳輸距離遠、檢測精度高、成本低、抗干擾能力強等特點。
  12. Then in the second part, we describe our work on water animation in details, namely the physical model of shallow - water, the numerical solution of the 2d navier - stokes equations using the finite volume method, and the disturbance model which are used to control the behaviors of water waves

    本論文的前兩章介紹水流模擬課題方面的挑戰及人們所採用的方法。第三章以後具體地介紹如何利用有限體積法求解淺水波方程得到水波的運動形態，以及如何利用干擾模型擾動方程的數值解來產生各種形狀的水波。
  13. They were typical and representational, the 1, the temperatures of road surface and the sample of soil were collection and menstruated. after experimentation, the data of 1 under kinds of situation were got. through the data treating with, this thesis is got the season coefficient about asphalt concrete road surface under the dry - or waterish state

    本文主要是科學、合理地選定具有代表性、典型性路段，對該路段的路面彎沉值、地表溫度、土樣等進行外業採集、測定，再通過試驗和內業數據整理計算，得出瀝青路面不同干濕狀態下彎沉值的季節影響系數。
  14. In the course of the low phase noise research, by integrating many aspects, using recent accomplishments, i come up with my method and theory, that by comprehending and controlling subcircuit of oscillator ' s resonator, can let us know exactly their working states. using this method and theory, combining the vco circuit of this subject, i deduce and demonstrate particularly the reason of low frequency oscillation, and come up with the measure of avoiding it. this makes design and producing vcos can avoid the disturbing of low frequency oscillation, and improve the features of vcos. at later process of debugging vco, using this method makes the vco achieves very good working state

    在低相噪研究中，綜合了各方面的情況，運用了當今低相噪vco的研究成果，並提出了自己的對諧振電路結構進行總體把握，從而準確得知電路的工作狀態的思想和理論。運用此方法，在論文中結合本vco電路拓撲結構，詳細推導和論證了低頻振蕩產生的原因，並提出了避免發生低頻振蕩的措施。使低相噪vco的設計及調試能免於低頻振蕩的干擾，從而有利於提高vco的各項指標。
  15. Secondly, definitions of a extended bethe tree, bethe tree and cayley tree are introduced. further, the even - odd markov chain fields and markov chain fields indexed by a extended bethe tree, bethe tree and cayley tree are defined. subsequently the strong limit theorems proved above are applied to the study of all kinds of even - odd markov chain fields and markov chain fields defined above, which both extend the conclusions in [ 30 ] and [ 39 ] and prove a class of strong limit theorems for the even - odd markov chain fields and markov chain fields. as corollaries, we obtain some strong limit theorems for the frequencies of occurrence of states and ordered couples of states for the even - odd markov chain fields and markov chain fields. lastly, some coarse estimates are gained about the state occurrence frequencies for all kinds of even - odd markov chain fields and markov chain fields defined in the paper

    然後把前面所證得的一類強極限定理應用到本文中所定義的各種奇偶馬爾可夫鏈場、馬爾可夫鏈場的研究工作中，從而推廣了[ 30 ]和[ 39 ]中的結論，獲得了本論文中所定義的各種奇偶馬爾可夫鏈場、馬爾可夫鏈場的一類強極限定理。作為這一類強極限定理的推論得到了狀態和狀態序偶出現頻率的一類強極限定理。最後，給出了本論文中所定義的各種奇偶馬爾可夫鏈場、馬爾可夫鏈場上狀態出現頻率的若干粗略估計。
  16. There is qinghai spruce scattered in south slope and southwest slope. qinghai spruce is most anomalistic in patch distribute, is small in mean patch area and is close to each other. so, qinghai spruce is easy to suffer disturbance and converse succession which lead to the function of forest ecosystem degenerate

    作為具有重要涵養水源功能的青海雲杉林，大多分佈在海拔2550 - 3000m的陰坡和半陰坡，陽坡有零星分佈，其斑塊形狀最為不規則，平均斑塊面積小而距離近，容易受到各種干擾而造成逆向演替，使森林生態系統發生功能退化，從而影響水源涵養。
  17. In view of improving the efficiency of fertilizer, we paid more attention to the effect of water dynamic process and strength on nutrient availability. in this research, by model test, four kinds of agricultural soils were studied, concerning about the effect of drying - wetting alternation and temperature on potassium availability, ions " diffusion in soils under different levels of water content, and the distribution coefficient of potassium between solution and soil phases

    因此，本研究通過室內模擬土壤水分的動態變化，對水分變化的過程（干濕交替不斷進行）和變化強度對養分有效性的影響，不同水勢狀態下養分離子在固、液相間的分配關系，以及不同水分條件下養分的擴散遷移規律等方面進行了探討。
  18. This thesis disusses the current states and the matter of the transformer condition monitoring and diagnosis fault. afer analying that dga can only reflect the fault type but ca n ' t confirm the fault location, part - discharging signal can realize fault location in theory but ca n ' t be carried out easily for the inconstant influence of circumstance, we present a method that conbinates the oli - gas and electric quanlities to monitor the transformer. using on - line monitoring of oli - gas conform the fault type. using on - line electric quanlities confirm the fault location. with this method, a fault diagnosis system and corresponding diangnosis flow are proprosed. the main work of this thesis consists of the following parts : 1

    本文主要研究了電力變壓器狀態監測與故障診斷的現狀以及存在的問題，針對目前dga （油中溶解氣體色譜分析法）只能定性分析變壓器的故障，不能進行故障定位，而局部放電雖然能夠進行故障定位，但由於現場的干擾復雜多變，難以提取有效的局部放電信號，從而提出了結合油氣量和電氣量兩個方面對變壓器進行狀態監測。通過油氣量在線監測，判斷其故障類型和性質；通過電氣量在線監測，對變壓器的關鍵部件? ?繞組實現故障定位。
  19. It has the functions of collecting vibration signal power spectruiru cepstrum and transfer function analysis and so on with the pcl _ 1800. at the same time, the system can convert the data into the corresponding graph

    本系統是windows界面下的狀態監測與故障診斷系統，它在數據採集卡pcl1800的支持下，可以完成振動信號的數據採集以及功率譜、倒譜、譜陣和相干函數分析等功能。
  20. The research involves atmospheric conditions at few levels above the ground

    此項研究涉及地面之上若干層次的大氣狀態。
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