顯微因數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [xiǎnwéiyīnshǔ]
顯微因數
英文
microscopic factor-
This has an important meaning to the industrial manufacture. dsc, waxd and polarizing microscope with hot stage experiments were performed to describe what led the ssp rate acceleration of pet / mmt. it was shown that montmorillonite acted as a very good nucleating agent in pet crystallization process, which results in the lower crystallinity, more small microlites, and more surfaces of microlites
為研究pet mmt固相縮聚效率提高的原因，通過熱臺偏光顯微鏡、 dsc 、 x -射線衍射等手段對樣品的結晶進行觀察與分析研究，結果表明蒙脫土對pet的結晶有明顯的成核作用，使其晶核生成速率迅速提高，晶核數量明顯增多，從而使整個結晶過程的時間變短，同時形成了更多結構不完善的微晶體。Though, the lateral resolution of cm has been enhanced to be 1. 4 times of that of a conventional optical microscope under the same aperture focus ratio, it is still two orders of magnitude lower than the axial resolution of itself. so, it is urgent to further improve the lateral resolution of cm
然而，盡管共焦顯微鏡的橫向分辨力已提高到相同孔焦比的普通光學顯微鏡的1 . 4倍，但與其本身的軸向分辨力相比，橫向分辨力仍低2個數量級，因此進一步改善共焦顯微鏡橫向分辨力的研究顯得尤為迫切。In considering diffraction errors there are two factors which will lead to diffracted rays originating from outside the area defined by the selector aperture, these are important in any work where a spatially accurate correlation of the diffraction data and the micrograph is required
考慮到衍射的差錯，有兩個因素決定源自選擇孔指定區域外部的衍射線，在任何工作中這些都是重要的，當衍射數據和顯微圖之間準確的空間對射被要求時。This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory
本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。Wavelet transform becomes a superior timefrequency localization method due to its mathematical property itself it has muiti - resolution characteristics. by flexing and moving a base wavelet, which must satisfy some condition, we can analyze signals in multi - scale finely, so it is called " math microscope "
它具有多分辨分析的特點，通過某個滿足一定要求的基小波的伸縮和平移等運算功能對信號進行多尺度細化分析，因而能聚焦到信號分析的任何細節，被譽為「數學顯微鏡」 。As a new type of time - frequency analysis media, it excels in its good localization character both in time domain and in frequency domain comparing with traditional fourier analysis. it changes its sampling steps to smaller and smaller so as to analyze high frequency part, focusing on any part of the object been analyzed. to some extent, wavelet analysis is called " math microscope "
作為一種新型的時頻分析方法，它優于傳統fourier變換的優點是在時域和頻域同時具有良好的局部化性質，可對高頻成分採用逐步精細的時域采樣步長，聚焦到對象的任意細節，因此被譽為「數學顯微鏡」 。Wavelet has good localizing quality at time domain and frequency domain simultaneously and the characteristic of multi - resolution ratio analysis, so it can fulfill all kinds of wave - filtering needs such as low - pass, high - pass, sink wave, random noise denoising. compare with readitional wave - filtering methods, wavelet has incomparable advantage. wavelet has become an effective means of signal analysis and is intituled as math microscope of signal analysis
小波分析由於在時域頻域同時具有良好的局部化性質和多解析度分析的特點，因此不僅能滿足各種去噪要求如低通、高通、陷波、隨機噪音的去除等，而且與傳統的去噪方法相比較，有著無可比擬的優點，成為信號分析的一個強有力的工具，被譽為分析信號的數學顯微鏡。The type of the base function of wavelet analysis is not single, while the ft has only the sine ( or cosine ) function or exponential function. wavelet transformation has the character of multi - resolution analysis. wavelet transformation can analyze the signal in any precision ( resolution ) at any part of time and frequency according to the different translation factors and dilatation factors
小波變換具有多解析度分析的性質，對應于不同的伸縮因子和位移因子，小波變換能對信號的任何時間（空間）段、任何頻率段進行任何精度（解析度）的分析，在非平穩信號（包括瞬間信號）的分析中具有很大的優越性，分析時，在信號的低頻部分具有較高的頻率解析度和較低的時間解析度，在高頻部分則具有較高的時間解析度和較低的頻率解析度，被譽為「數學顯微鏡」 。Taking in - situ toughened silicon nitride as a design object, principle component analysis ( pca ) is applied to study the microstructure and mechanical properties, to find out the main microstructure controlling factors, and to simplify the characterization variables and criterions ; fuzzy neural networks ( fnns ) is also applied to develop a design expert system for this material, which can realize the forward prediction from processing, microstructure to mechanical properties, and backward design from mechanical properties or microstructure to processing ; monte - carlo method is applied to simulate the grain growth of this material, and then crack propagation is simulated, which is another way based on physics and chemistry to developing prediction models from processing until to mechanical properties
本文以自增韌氮化硅陶瓷為設計對象，運用主成分分析法（ principlecomponentanalysis ： pca ）對自增韌si _ 3n _ 4陶瓷的顯微結構和力學性能進行數據空間降維，獲得自增韌si _ 3n _ 4陶瓷顯微結構控制的主要因素，進而簡化了表徵參量變量和準則；運用模糊神經網路（ fuzzyneuralnetworks ： fnn ）建立了自增韌si _ 3n _ 4陶瓷設計專家系統，能實現工藝?微結構?性能的正向預測及反向設計；運用monte - carlo方法（ mc ）進行自增韌si _ 3n _ 4陶瓷的晶體生長模擬，然後進行裂紋擴展模擬，探索建立工藝?微結構?力學性能預測模型的思路。Objective the origin and the nature of the hodgkin and reed - sternberg ( h / rs ) cell of hodgkin ' s lymphoma ( hl ) has been attracting a lot of medical researchers engaged in studying it, for its character by scattered large atypical cells residing in a complex admixture of inflammatory cells. great improvement has been made since a new method of isolation of single h / rs cells from a frozen section had been set up by kuppers in 1994, and many studies have approved of the b - cell derivation of h / rs cell. lt has been reported that h / r - s cells might partly be originated from b - cell in our research before, but at the same time, we also found that only 18. 8 % of h / rs cells express cd20, 31. 3 % of immunoglobulin heavy chain ( igh ) rearrangement have been revealed
目的霍奇金淋巴瘤（ hodgkin ' slymphoma ， hl ）由於它的惡性腫瘤細胞? h rs細胞一般只佔腫瘤組織的極少部分（不到1 ） ，且散在分佈在背景細胞間，因此對于h rs細胞的來源和性質研究一直是人們探索的目標。 1994年德國科隆大學k ppers等發展了一種從冰凍組織切片上用顯微操作儀挑取單個h rs細胞的顯微切割方法進行h rs細胞基因分析后，人們對h rs細胞來源的研究有了突破性的進展，多數支持b細胞來源。我們的前期研究也支持部分h rs細胞為b細胞來源，但我們發現只有18 . 8的h rs細胞表達cd20 ， 31 . 3的hl檢測到igh基因重排克隆性條帶。Through analyzing the surface microstructure of counter - cavitational material and the factors of affecting cavitation, on the basis of material mechanical properties, metallurgical parameters and fluid mechanical conditions, the paper presents cavitation erosion mechanism in multitude fluid medium, whereby offers references for calculating erosion rate
通過對抗氣蝕材料表面顯微結構和影響氣蝕因素的分析，從材料的機械性能、冶金學參數和流體力學條件出發，綜述多項流體介質作用下氣蝕磨蝕的機理，從而為計算氣蝕磨蝕速率提供參考With bacterial cgc as main subject, the tests had been done to elucidate mechanism of self - organization for macroscopic rhythmic structure. the dynamics of cgc forming was observed by special techniques of waving culture and microscopic culture ; the differences in outer structure of cell wall and flagella number had been observed by atomic force microscope scanning ; integrity of cell wall was examined under tem ; outer membrane protein was analysed by sds - page and various substance and factors for cgc formation were determined
採用特殊的波動培養和顯微培養技術觀察潛生體形成動態；應用原子力顯微鏡掃描，比較細菌潛生體與繁殖體在細胞壁外層結構和鞭毛數量的差別；用透射電鏡觀察細胞壁完整性，以十二烷基硫酸鈉?聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳分析外膜蛋白的改變，並通過實驗分析多種物質和因素對潛生體形成的影響。The results showed that pcr applify a 485 specific molecular band in 672 individuals, the rate of positive reaction is 60 %, southern blot result shows a strong signal in transgenic fish. it is concluded that hu - - ifn gene has been integrated and expression. it is also that foreign gene integrating position and copy number is different individuals, by elis a detecting, 23. 5 % transgenic fish " were detected hu - - ifn gene expression in all 672 transgenic fish, but expression level of hu - - dfn is significant difference in different individuals and growth period
2000年共顯微注射32197粒草魚受精卵，出苗12945尾草魚魚苗，經孵化培育最後獲得1120尾五寸左右草魚，對1120尾草魚提取血液總dna進行pcr和southern雜交檢測， 2000年轉導的草魚的pcr檢測結果，有672尾草魚即600k轉化個體的總dna能擴增出一條485kb的特異分子帶，說明轉化個體整合有huj ifn基因，經southern雜交進一步證實，轉入的抗病相關基因己在轉基因草魚體內染色體上得以整合，但整合位點沒有固定區域，整合的拷貝數存在較大差異。Fourty - five individuals of xianju chicken breed were genotyped for 7 microsatellite markers covering 7 linkage groups - the result of microsatellite polymorphism showed that of the 7 micrnsatellite markers loci, the numbers of alleles ranged from 2 to 5 per locus, the mean numbers of alleles being 3. 1 per locus, and mean heteozygosity was 0. 5246, mean polymorphism information content was 0. 4445
摘要對45隻仙居雞7個微衛星座位進行遺傳多態性檢測，結果顯示：每個微衛星座位的等位基因數2 ~ 5個不等， 7個微衛星的平均等位基因數為3 . 1個。They are very useful which can provide references for production of alloy. in this paper, sem and optical microscope and image tool are used to analyze the microstructure of aluminum bronze. constitution parameters are fixed under the definite technology processor
本文採用sem和光學顯微鏡對鋁青銅的組織進行研究，用imagetool分析了不同成分的鋁青銅的組織參數，得出在成熟工藝下，其組織參數變化不大，可以將該因素的影響固定。Conventional methods for fiber differentiation, which are often carried out by hand touch and eyeballing, have the disadvantages of low accuracy, bad robustness and inefficiency. therefore, developing a set of intelligent automatic analyzer for fiber quality inspection is of great significance
傳統上對羊絨及其混合纖維的檢驗與測試多利用投影顯微鏡法，這種方法人為因素干擾大，準確率不高，且勞動強度大，因此開發一套羊絨和羊毛混合纖維自動檢測系統，對客觀評定纖維的品質及數量具有重大意義。Fabrication of nanostructures based on spm as an extension to spm imaging, referred to as scanning probe nanofabrication ( spn ) is an emerging technique undertaken at labs in the past ten years that comprises manipulation of atom or molecule in a bottom - up paradigm and scanning probe lithography ( spl ) in a top - down paradigm. in chapter one, in the light of decentralized experimental data in this respect, the author, classify in an analytic approach the literature concerned as electrical spl, mechanical spl, thermal spl, and optical spl in terms of different mechanisms of interplay between a probe and a surface of a sample, after describing the most important of this type of microscopy, i. e., scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy
由於這項技術的實驗數據比較分散，因此，作者在論文的第一章里首先介紹了掃描探針顯微鏡的兩個最重要的類型，即掃描隧道顯微鏡和掃描原子力顯微鏡的工作原理；然後根據加工方式的不同把它分為自下而上的掃描探針原子（分子）操縱與自上而下的掃描探針刻蝕兩大類；而根據掃描探針與樣品的不同作用機理，對掃描探針刻蝕加工又進行了歸納與綜述，對其特殊的加工方法作了原理性的介紹，並分析了目前存在的共性問題與應用前景。Then because the real operation temperature of the tube is the critical factor for predicting the tube lifetime, we heat some unused tubes in the lab. then we measuer the rigidity of them and find the relationship between the hardness and heat - intensity parameter
其次，由於管件的真實使用溫度是預測其壽命的關鍵因素，因此，本文通過對未用管材按照幾種不同的加熱規范在實驗室進行模擬加熱，測定其加熱后的硬度，找出顯微硬度與熱強參數的關系。Intelligent ac power factor instrument adopt advanced microprocessor carry out smart control, to the simultaneous input single phase or tri - phase ac voltage and current signal carry out accurate measurement, through cpu automatically count out ac power factor value, which is displayed clearly and visually by high brightness led digital tube, and can select serial communication function
智能交流功率因數儀表採用先進的微處理器進行智能控制，對同s時輸入單相或三相交流電壓與電流信號進行精確測量，經過cpu自動計算出交流功率因數值，由高亮度led數碼管進行清晰直觀的顯示，並可選擇串列通訊功能。Adopt advanced microprocessor carry out smart control, to the simultaneous input single phase or tri - phase ac voltage and current signal carry out accurate measurement, through cpu automatically count out ac power factor value, which is displayed clearly and visually by high brightness led digital tube, and can select serial communication function
採用先進的微處理器進行智能控制，對同時輸入單相或三相交流電壓與電流信號進行精確測量，經過cpu自動計算出交流功率因數值，由高亮度led數碼管進行清晰直觀的顯示，並可選擇串列通訊功能。分享友人