風標作用 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fēngbiāozuòyòng]
風標作用
英文
weather vaning-
This thesis attempts to have an analysis and study of the interior audit ' s functions in the basic point of fact, which also attempts to search after the hypostasis, the introversion of the service and structure of the auidt. it must be designed to the enterprise ' s flow to settle the matters of the interior audit in the luhua corporations and other corporations which have the same matters in our country. for improving interior control and risk management, this thesis makes research and design to the means and process to the system guiding and risk guiding audit using viewpoint of cybernetics and systemics into the enterprise ' s basic system and key flows ' design. for the sake of adapting new position of the audit, the auther bring forward many advices and plans to improve it. it may have helpful for the corporation to enhance and improve their management, perfect their structure too. in this thesis, the auther point out that it is not a perfect structure without interior audit. do more things about audit to the management of corporations and do less to financial affairs
本文作者以內部審計的實務為基點，對內部審計的職能作了進一步的分析和研究，針對魯化企業內部審計中存在的主要問題，並結合國內大中型企業內部審計中揭露出的普遍問題，進行了分析、研究和流程設計；對內部審計的本質、服務上的「內向性」以及組織形式進行了探索；從企業基礎制度重建和關鍵流程設計的角度，以完善內部控制和改善風險管理為目標，運用控制論與系統論的觀點，對系統導向、風險導向內部審計、經濟責任審計等的方法和程序進行了研究與設計；並為適應內部審計新形勢、完善內部審計建設提出了自己的政策建議，以期對改善企業管理、加強內部控制、完善公司治理結構有所借鑒。By comparing i8o curve with annual growth rate and grey level curve in the stalagmite during the same period, the author brings forward that that climate in shennongjia region mostly embodies matching modes of warm / wet, cold / dry over the past 2000 years, but temperature was out of harmony with precipitation in the course of climate transforming, which shows that shennongjia climate embodies matching modes of cold / wet, warm / dry at part period of time
近2000年中17次太陽活動和1400aad以來29次火山活動對氣候變化影響的印跡在石筍氧同位素中都有明顯的記錄，表明氣候事件與太陽活動、火山活動有較好的相關性。石筍各代用指標譜分析顯示126a 、 100a 、 81a 、 60a 、 40a 、 22a 、 11a等周期成分，也進一步支持了太陽活動對季風區短尺度氣候變化的驅動作用。The paper indicates that, on the premise of the reform of property rights, the choice of modes of establishing a healthy credit system in china should follow the way of marketing. therefore a lot of work remains to be done such as opening credit inquiry data, founding the data base, establishing a scientific credit rating system, forming a credit punitive mechanism, etc. the bank should also play its role in the establishment by perfecting the existing credit management system, forming an effective credit risk precaution mechanism, and carrying out the work of interior credit rating
關於我國信用制度的具體建設，研究表明：在產權改革的前提下，我國信用制度建設的模式選擇應走市場化的道路，必須做好開放徵信數據、建立數據庫、制定科學的評級指標體系、建立失信懲罰機制等多方面工作，並且要完善銀行現有的信貸管理體制，建立有效的銀行信用風險防範機制，開展銀行內部資信評級工作，發揮銀行的作用。The main results are following : ( 1 ) the variation of clay / silt ratio can indicate the secondary clay action of dust depositions ; the variations of magnetic susceptibility and total fe content are inferred to be records of the changeable intensity of bio - pedogenesis ; the variations of sr content and rb / sr ratio can indicate bio - pedogenesis, dissolving and leaching action ; the content of total organic carbon ( toc ) can reflect variation of climate and vegetation during soil formation, it indicates the intensity of weathering and bio - pedogenesis ; the content variation of caco3 can show the intensity of dissolving - leaching action and secondary deposit, which was noted as pseudomycilia in pores and fissures in the sediment, so it can indicate the intensity bio - pedogenesis quite well. these proxy indexes also reflect obvious regional difference of pedogenic environment and the intensity bio - pedogenesis ; namely, secondary clay action, dissolving - leaching action and bio - pedogenesis are all much stronger in south than that in north
實驗結果表明：粘粒粉沙比值能很好地指示粉塵堆積物的次生粘化作用；磁化率和全鐵很好地指示生物風化成壤作用； sr和rb sr比值能很好的指示生物風化成壤作用和淋溶作用；總有機碳（ toc ）含量的高低，在一定程度上反應了土壤發育過程中氣候和植被狀況的變化，指示著成壤過程中腐殖質化的程度； caco3含量的變化，可以反映了黃土古土壤形成時的風化成壤作用的強弱程度，指示成壤過程中的淋溶作用和次生碳酸鹽化作用；並且各指標所指示的成壤環境和成壤強度存在明顯的區域差異，即渭河流域土壤的生物風化成壤作用、次生粘化作用和淋溶作用均表現出南部強于北部。However, news headlines meet some fatal obstacles when accomplishing these missions as xrefer also refers to : they are always confined by the space of newspapers, magazines, television and computer monitors or by the time limitation on the radio. this paper is to reveal the expression and its effects of headlinese, borrowing geoffrey leech ' s theories about language meanings ( conceptual, connotative, social, affective, reflected, collocative and thematic ) and functions ( informational, expressive, directive, aesthetic and phatic ) as theoretical foundation. what ' s more, lots of theories and research methods from stylistics, pragmatics, psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics are also adopted to further explain headlinese and support leech ' s theories
詳細地分析了新聞標題語言表達上的特點之後，文章在傑弗里?里奇闡明的廣義的語言意義，即語言的七種意義（外延意義、內涵意義、風格意義、情感意義、反映意義、搭配意義、主題意義）和語言的五個功能（信息、表達、指示、酬應、美學）為主體的理論基礎上，對新聞標題語言五個功能的實現逐次剖析，並分別解析七種意義的表達在實現這五個功能的過程中所起的作用。The main process of regional ecological risk assessment includes 5 stages : regional analysis, risk receptor selection, risk sources analysis, exposure and hazard analysis, and integrated risk assessment. arming at flood, drought, storm tide, petroleum pollution accident and flow breaking in the lower huanghe river, the probability and distribution of each kind of risk sources are evaluated. the authors bring forward indexes and formulas to measure hazarded degree and risk value of ecosystem. by using remote sensing data, historic record, survey data and by means of geographical information system, regional ecological risk assessment is finished. on the basis of assessment result, the environmental risk management countermeasure of the huanghe river delta is advanced
以黃河三角洲為例進行了區域生態風險評價理論和方法的探討。針對黃河三角洲主要生態風險源洪澇乾旱風暴潮災害油田污染事故以及黃河斷流的概率進行了分級評價並提出度量生態損失與生態風險的指標和公式，分析了風險源的危害作用運用遙感資料歷史記錄調查數據和地理信息系統gis技術，完成了區域生態風險綜合評價在此基礎上提出黃河三角洲的區域生態風險管理對策。In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the
本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。In the years following operation desert storm, u. s. military strategists debated the best way to destroy such “ hardened ” and deeply buried targets, knowing full well that attacks on subterranean bunkers or weapons stockpiles would face uncertain chances of success
沙漠風暴作戰后這幾年，美軍戰略專家爭論著哪種方法最適合用來破壞這種強硬又深埋地下的目標，因為他們很清楚，攻擊地下掩體或武器庫的成功機率無法掌握。( 4 ) the dike breach risk of the south bank is relative higher in wandering reaches. ( 5 ) the dike breach risk of the north bank is higher than the south bank in winding reaches. simultaneously, the evaluation results manifest that the evaluation indexes system established from the locomotion of incoming water and sediment load, the regional crustal stability, the evolvement of river regime and the stability of river dikes, can reflect the actual situation of hang river in the lower yellow river more fully
評價結果同時表明，從水沙運動、區域地殼穩定性、河勢演變和堤防穩定性4個方面建立評價指標體系，能夠更加全面的反映黃河下游懸河的實際情況;運用多層次模糊綜合評判法能夠較好地解決影響因素眾多、作用機制復雜的懸河決溢風險問題;運用gis技術強大的空間分析功能，使黃河下游懸河不同空間位置的決溢風險得到了量化，可以客觀地反映黃河下遊河道不同空間位置決溢風險的差別，對于指導防洪和河道治理的實踐具有重要的現實意義。The results show that : ( l ) adoption of the intermittent mean price instead of the point price at the end of the option will help to reduce the chances of profit - making manipulated by managers and to curb the manager ' s motive to control the stock price ; ( 2 ) generally speaking, stock price of mean price option is more incentive to the managers than that of the black - scholes ; ( 3 ) when the stock market slumps at the end of the option, mean price option will ensure a moderate insurance for the managers ; ( 4 ) when stock price slumps alone with the overall situation of the stock market in the intermittent option, mean price option. however, will be inefficient as an incentive. chapter four addresses the questions concerning the manager ' s manipulation of the stock price, and the increase of the option risks because of long - term slump of the stock market
第三部分包括第三至五章，第三章針對時點價格容易被控制和時點價格的波動性太大，增加了經理期權的風險等問題，研究採用期權期內的平均價格替代期權期末的時點價格計算經理股票期權收益，構建了幾何型平均價格期權定價公式，並與black ? scholes期權定價公式進行了定量對比分析，結果表明： （ 1 ）採用期權期內平均價格替代期權期末時點價格有利於降低經理通過操縱股價的牟利機會，遏制經理操縱股價的動機； （ 2 ）一般條件下，平均價格期權股票價格對經理的激勵作用優于標準期權； （ 3 ）當臨近期權期末股價下跌時，平均價格期權能為經理提供適度保險； （ 4 ）當期權期內，股票受大市持續走弱影響而下跌時，平均價格期權失去了激勵作用。On the one hand, internal audit can check mistakes and defend frauds to reduce loss ; on the other hand, it can offer consultation to evade enterprise ' s risks actively, and enhance the comprehensive economic benefits
內部審計一方面可以發揮查錯、防弊作用，盡可能地減少舞弊和失誤等風險所帶來的損失;另一方面還可以發揮內部審計人員的顧問、咨詢作用，積極規避企業風險，提高企業的綜合經濟效益，從而促進企業目標的實現。By extracting the experience and lessons from the development of foreign country ' s military aircraft, the ways that how to define the aim, handle the key point of the work, raise the aircraft performance, shorten the term, cllt down the risk of technology and economic expense ensuring that the predevelopmellt is practical, will be discussed in this paper
通過總結國外軍用飛機研製成功與失敗的經驗和教訓，探討預研工作過程中如何確定工作目標、把握工作重點，如何提高飛機性能、縮短周期、降低技術、經濟風險、費用，保證預研成果實用性的思路與方法。Whereas the mortgaged house, as the subject - matter of insurance, is exposed to risk separately with its different parts. some risks work on the land, others do on its appurtnant buildings, which influences the insurable intrest
但是抵押房屋作為保險標的，各種風險因素發生作用的對象常常是分割的，有的風險作用於地上建築物，有的風險作用於土地，這就影響了可保利益的指向。The damage bonus is applied to all enemies that are hit by the whirlwind attack, including the primary target
加成傷害對所有受到旋風攻擊的敵人起作用，包括第一個目標。Firstly the thesis introduces the connotation, status and functions of the futures delivery in the futures market, secondly, it makes comments on the three different viewpoints about the futures system, and then makes a deep research in the futures delivery systems concerned such as the designing of the grade of the listed commodity as well as the premium and discount, the selection of the delivery locations and the regulation on the designated delivery warehouses, as well as the management and circulation of the warehouse receipts
本文首先介紹了期貨交割的內涵、地位和作用；其次，從合約設計出發，分析了交割制度安排的三種不同觀點，標準交割品及有關升貼水的設計，交割倉庫的設置，交割倉庫的管理，標準倉單的流通等期貨市場交割制度及相關制度；再次，對中國期貨市場探討或實施的六種主要交割形式進行了評述；最後，對交割風險的特殊性進行了剖析。This thesis takes the process of the futures delivery as the object of the research, analyzes and investigates the physical delivery system. firstly the thesis introduces the connotation, status and functions of the futures delivery in the futures market, and then makes a deep research in the futures delivery systems concerned such as the designing of the grade of the listed commodity at par as well as the premium and discount, the selection of the delivery locations and the regulation on the designated delivery warehouses, as well as the management and circulation of the warehouse receipts. on the basis of the above - mentioned analysis, this paper makes some constructive suggestions and recommendations on the improvement and innovation of the futures delivery to be taken by the chinese futures market at the present stage
本文首先闡明了期貨交割在期貨市場中的經濟內涵、樞紐地位和功能保障作用；然後，從合約設計出發，用均衡原理揭示了期貨交割制度與品種活躍和風險控制的有機關系；進而，對比中外交割制度，通過比較，認清了中外現貨基礎、誠信和法制等環境因素的差距，明白了「拿來」的內容和如何構建中國特色的交割制度；從而，就小麥國家標準的歷史局限性，標準和替代交割品級及其升貼水的設計原則，交割標準把握的出發點和落腳點，交割倉庫設置和管理的目標和狀況，標準倉單沾滯的根源等期貨市場交割制度及相關規定，進行了深入而細致的剖析。Through field investigation and analysis indoor, with studying all hydrochemistry data in detail, including macro components and micro components, the author finds out the hydrochemistry feature of ground water. for further specifying the ground water system, with cluster analysis of macro components of surface water and ground water in total 147 samples and the analysis of micro components, including ree, the main ground water systems are distinguished by and large, especially the ground water system main of fault no. 7 and fault no. 15 water bearing belts which have differences at macro and micro components between the two ground water systems, moreover, the main hydrogeochemistry effects are established such as lixiviation, oxidization, precipitation and mixing effect, especially the mixing effect which result in the complexit y of the hydrochemistry of deep bearing tectonic fracture water. based on them, the hydro geological model of upper dam base is established, meanwhile the author summarizes the hydrochemistry feature of weathering crevice water, surface tectonic crevice water and deep tectonic crevice water
為此，本文以大崗山壩區水文地球化學問題為研究對象，通過野外調查和室內分析，詳細的研究了壩區水化學資料，包括宏量組分、微量組分，查明了壩區地下水水化學特徵，對採集的147個地表及地下水樣的宏量組分進行聚類分析，結合微量元素，稀土元素的研究，並應用二氧化硅地熱溫標確定了深部構造裂隙水的熱源深度，基本區分了壩區各個主要地下水水系，特別是以f7 、 f15斷裂含水帶為主的地下水系，它們的宏量組分、微量組分以及稀土等方面均存在差異，以此為基礎，結合壩區水文地質條件，建立了壩區的上壩址的水文地質模型，同時通過分析了壩區花崗巖區的水化學資料，確立了壩區主要的水文地球化學作用，分別為：溶濾作用、氧化作用、沉澱作用、以及混合作用，混合作用是導致深部承壓裂隙水水化學復雜的主要原因，並總結了壩區風化裂隙水、淺部構造裂隙水、深部構造裂隙水的水化學特徵。In the present paper, based on the general analysis of status in agricultural industrialization in taizhou, author suggested that the practices of agricultural industrialization locally has been well developed, which may be proved by the following facts : ( 1 ) the leading industry of agriculture has been gradually formed and enlarged, and meanwhile the production of dominant products with the remarkable characteristic of the local zone has become into the larger scale ; ( 2 ) the scale and number of the leading industries and markets for agricultural products are greatly enlarged, with a significantly increased capacity in demonstrating and stimulating others ; ( 3 ) the organization of the special industry in rural areas is consistently developing and name brand projects of high - quality agricultural products has showed the effective results ; and ( 4 ) the governments of all - levels pay more attention to the agricultural industrialization, which provides a nice environment for healthful development of agricultural industrialization. the proposes for promoting 8 major leading industries, including fruits, aquatic products, animals, flowers, melons, tea, food and forestry products are made for development of local agricultural industrialization in the paper, and the main strategies for enhancing agricultural industrialization is also discussed
本文結合臺州實際，提出了臺州農業產業化經營中，果品類、水產類、畜禽類、花卉類、瓜菜類、茶葉類、糧食類和林產品等八大主導產業的開發建議，並探討了加速推進農業產業化進程的主要對策：深入研究農業產業化經營的相關理浙江大學農業推廣碩士學位論文論，充分認識實施農業產業化經營在推進農業、農村現代化建設中的地位和作用;全面實施龍頭帶動戰略;加快農村專業合作經濟組織建設，努力提高農民的組織化程度;加強農業基礎設施建設，加速推進農業綜合開發;加快農業科技進步，建立適應農業產業化要求的農業科技運行機制;加速推進農業信息化:加強農業標準體系和農產品質量安全檢測檢驗體系建設;加強農業產業化經營的風險管理。( s ) weathering and unloading action which are the two main exogenous process is active in epigenetic - surface. so, although one is different with the other, they are associated with each other closely and are cntrolled by geostress and seepage fields. in fact, weak weathered zone corresponds to weak load - off one, strong weathered zone corresponds to strong load - off one in virtue of result of this dissertation. ( 6 ) rock mass is a geologic body which is composed of rock and structural plane. and under the condition of geostress. temperature and seepage fields, correspondingly. studying weathering should pay attation to the aspects of rock, structural plane and fields. according to this. the author subdivises rockmass weathering into rock weathering and structural weathering, ulteriorly, the dissertation studies rockmass weathering from three aspects as follows : ? ock weathering : aberrance degree of mineral and physical mechanical performance of weathered rock ; ? e have already knew that weathering action damage the integrity of rock mass, but few applies it to engineering practice. the dissertation is based on trend o
本文研究結果為弱卸荷與弱風化大致對應、強卸荷與強風化大致對應； （ 6 ）巖體是由組成它的巖石與缺陷賦存於一定環境場中的地質體，據此本文將巖體風化細劃為巖石風化與結構面風化，並進而將表徵巖體風化的指標相應地歸結為三個方面來加以研究並應用於工程實踐，這就是：對于巖石風化，主要為礦物的變異程度與風化巖石的物理力學性能研究：雖已認識到風化作用破壞了巖體完整性，但將該理論應用於巖體風化分帶卻不多見，本文即從淺表部位硬性結構面間距、條數、跡長、塊度等隨遠離臨空面的變化規律來研究巖體風化分帶：不同風化、卸荷程度的巖體實際處于不同環境場中，彈性波速變化與特定環境場相對應，因而是反映巖體風化、卸荷的綜合因素。A safety reliability evaluation method for embankment slope stability under random storm wave actions and erosion - damage effects is proposed, the genetic algorithm has been used as the modern optimization technique applied to the minimization of the reliability index and the safety factor of embankment slope stability
文中針對隨機風浪作用下侵蝕-損傷的堤壩邊坡穩定性提出一種安全可靠性評價方法，應用遺傳演算法尋找最危險滑動面對應的安全系數和最小可靠指標，並與傳統優化演算法進行比較，遺傳演算法尋優結果穩定不依賴于初值，明顯優于傳統優化演算法。分享友人