骨化點 的英文怎麼說

Methods : we have divided the 636 molars ( without dental caries or pathological changes of root ) collected in school of forensic medicine and stomatological hospital in shanxi medicine university into four groups : maxl, max2, manl, man2, and selected 5 indexes closely related to changes of dental age ( dental attrition, contact area, the index of dentine marrow cavity, the thickness of cementum of root, the diaphaneity of dentine of root ), and proposed the grading standard and scoring standard date processing and statistical analysis after measuring the teeth of the four groups

方法：從山西醫科大學法醫學院及口腔醫院收集的636磨牙（無齲壞、無根尖病變）分為max1 、 max2 、 man1 、 man2四組，根據牙齒的增齡變化特點，篩選了5個與牙齡變化密切相關的指標（牙齒的磨耗、接觸區面積、牙本質髓室指數、根尖牙骨質的厚度、根尖牙本質透明） ，提出了指標的分級標準和評分標準，對各組的牙齒測量后進行數據處理和統計分析。

Although the fossil skull lacked the anatomy necessary for hearing directionally in water ( a critical skill for living whales ), it clearly had the diagnostic cetacean ear traits

雖然那個化石頭骨缺少在水中聽方位（現生鯨豚不可或缺的本領）所需的構造，卻有鯨豚類特有的耳朵特徵，一點都不含糊。

Secondly, the steps of the glass ' s image processing are discussed in detail. based on the experiments and the characteristics of interference fringe, we pre - process the images with median filter and image segmentation with dynamic threshold. after marking and thinning the resulted fringes, we analyze linearly the unifor mity of product ' s samples with the characteristics of the framework

然後，結合檢測系統中玻璃干涉圖像處理的任務，詳細介紹了處理的各個步驟：通過實驗比較，並結合干涉條紋圖像的特點，選擇中值濾波、動態閾值分割等技術對圖像進行預處理；然後對獲得的二值條紋進行標記、細化，提取條紋骨架；最後，用骨架的特徵進行線性分析，識別條紋的類型，判斷玻璃樣品的均勻性。

He could hardly follow her outlining of the work he must do, so amazed was he by her delightful propinquity. but when she began to lay down the importance of conjugation, he forgot all about her. he had never heard of conjugation, and was fascinated by the glimpse he was catching into the tie - ribs of language

她在提綱契領告訴他他該做什麼功課時，他幾乎沒聽過去她在他身邊時帶來的陶醉令他驚訝但是在她強調「動詞變化」的重要性時他便把她全忘了他從沒聽說過「動同變化」 ，原來它是語言的「骨骨架」 ，能窺見這一點叫他很著迷地往書本靠了靠，露絲的頭發便輕拂著他的面頰。

Objective : to investigate the effect of pumpless portosystemic bypass in clinical piggyback liver transplantation. methods : after catheterized inferior mesenteric vein, the silastic catheter ( filled with heparin saline ) was connected with the catheterized tube of internal jugular vein or subclavian vein in four piggyback liver transplantation patients. the channel was opened after the portal vein was occluded. the portal vein blood poured into the superior vena cava through the pumpless channel. the changes of mesenteric congestion, portal vein pressure, blood pressure and pulse were observed. results : during the occlusion of portal vein, the portal vein pressure was increased greatly, the intestine was congested and swelled obviously and the blood pressure and pulse fluctuated gently. after the pumpless bypass opened, intestinal congestion and swell were abated markedly, the portal pressure, blood pressure and pulse gradually returned to normal range. conclusions : pumpless portosystemic bypass shows a great effect on clinical piggyback liver transplantation. it is a feasible and economical method

目的探討背駝式原位肝移植術中採用體外門-體靜脈無泵轉流的臨床效果.方法4例行背駝式原位肝移植患者，腸系膜下靜脈屬支插管經體外硅膠管（充滿肝素鹽水）與頸內靜脈或鎖骨下靜脈插管相接，在阻斷門靜脈后開通腸系膜下靜脈插管，門靜脈血從體外無泵轉流管流入上腔靜脈，觀察轉流前後腸道瘀血、門靜脈壓、血壓、脈搏等變化情況.結果門靜脈阻斷后腸道明顯瘀血、腫脹，門靜脈壓力明顯升高，血壓、脈搏有不同程度的波動，無泵門靜脈轉流開放后，腸道瘀血、腫脹明顯好轉，門靜脈壓力逐漸恢復正常水平，血壓、脈搏恢復正常.結論背駝式原位肝移植術中體外門-體靜脈無泵流具有方便、經濟、實用等優點，具有良好的臨床效果

In this thesis, four types of steel beam - rectangular cfst column connections, including normal welded flange plate ( wfp ) connection, bolted flange plate ( bfp ) connection, stiffened end plate ( sep ) connection and double split - tee plate ( dst ) connection, were designed based on the configuration of steel frame connection. total 8 models, 2 models of each kind of connections were tested under low - reversed cyclic loading at the end of cfst columns. the relationships between force and displacement at the end of columns, the relationships between the moment and rotation of the joints, degradations of strength and stiffness, ductility, failure mechanism and failure characteristics of these four connections under different axial - compression ratios were presented

本文借鑒鋼框架節點構造，設計了四種類型矩形鋼管混凝土柱與鋼梁連接節點，包括常規栓焊（ wfp ）節點、翼緣全螺栓連接（ bfp ）節點、雙t板連接（ dst ）節點以及加勁端板連接（ sep ）節點，進行了四類節點8個模型試件在柱端低周反復荷載作用下的抗震性能試驗研究，比較了不同軸壓比下節點的滯回性能、強度與剛度退化、延性、破壞機理與破壞特徵，主要結論有： 1 、節點的位移滯回曲線與轉角滯回曲線為塊型分佈，沒有或略有捏攏現象，耗能能力強； 2 、軸壓比對節點滯回曲線有顯著影響，全部節點都有顯著的剛度退化； 3 、位移與轉角骨架曲線在峰值荷載後有較長的水平或下降段，具有良好的延性性能； 4 、從整體抗震性能上看，翼緣全螺栓連接節點、雙t板連接與加勁端板連接節點都優于常規栓焊節點，可在實際工程中加以推廣。

Human bone morphogenetic protein 3 is a member of tgf - b superfamily. lt can induce the differentiation of cartilage and bone tissue in mesenchymal cell. and is important to bone self - repairment and bone development during embryo morphogenesis. in addition, some other biological activities of hbmp - 3 have also been found. such as inducing development of embryo and stimulating differentiation of neural and blood cells. therefore, there is a great prospect in the use of hbmp - 3. there is trace content of hbmp - 3 in human body. it has been expressed in the expression system of eukaryotes and prokaryotes respectively, but its application is restricted because of defects in the process and modification after translation in prokaryotic cells and higher costs and lower yields existed in eukaryotic expression system

人骨形成蛋白3 （ hbmp - 3 ）屬于tgf -超家族的一員，可以誘導間充質細胞分化為軟骨和骨，在胚胎時期骨骼發育和骨再生修復中起著重要的作用，而且對胚胎發育過程中中胚層的誘導和分化、造血組織的發育以及神經系統的發育和修復等都起著重要作用，因而hbmp - 3有廣闊的市場前景。它在人體內含量極微，盡管研究人員已經在原核細胞和真核細胞表達系統中分別進行了表達，但是由於原核表達系統缺乏翻譯后的加工修飾，真核表達系統存在成本高、產量低等特點，限制了其在臨床上的應用。

There was no difference in other biologic characteristic of mscs between the two separation method, such as cell anchorage ratio and clone formation ratio. ( 2 ) plga film presented uniformity frame with no protuberance and fissure under scanning electron microscopy ( sem ). big aperture with smooth wall and average 400 m i n size running - through each other was observed in porous plga substrate, around the big aperture there were many round micropores about 5 m size. all of the structure were equal and uniform, which satisfied the further research work. ( 3 ) mscs adhesion at earlier time was promoted by biotiegenrafter 3h, cell number was ( 1. 5 0. 18 ) 105 in the plga film coated with biotiegen group, which was significantly higher than that in plga film group ( p < 0. 01 ) and higher than that in coverslip group ( p < 0. 05 ), which cell number was ( 1. 04 0. 21 ) 105. after 6h and 12h biotiegen could not promote cell adhesion, and cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase ( alp ) activity were not promoted dramatically during 9 days. ( 4 ) cell adhesion was promoted by fibronectin or collagen type i

G ） i型膠原、纖維粘連蛋白促進細胞增殖，細胞接種后3 、 6 、 gd三個檢測時間點，實驗組細胞均明顯高於對照組。與1型膠原相比，纖維粘連蛋白刺激作用更強。 ） i型膠原、纖維粘連蛋白尚能誘導mscs細胞向成骨細胞分化，不僅表達成骨細胞標志物ocn 、 alp 、 opnmrna ，而且堿性磷酸酶活性明顯增高，堿性磷酸酶及鈣結節7第四軍醫大學博士學位論文一染色均強陽性， i型膠原組mscs細胞堿性磷酸酶活性較fn組更高，有顯著性差異；同時，兔疫組化染色表明，經纖維粘連蛋白作用的mscs1型膠原表達陽性。

Crystal zirconium phosphate - phosphonate has the stability and regulity of interlayer floor of inorganic a - zirconium phosphate, they still have the designability of the organic group in the interlayer and adjustment of the ratio of organic and inorganic phosphorus acid, they are a kind of potential smart material, we can process molecule design and optimize filtration according to the requirement of goal reaction, we can prepare special ion - exchange, catalyst, catalyst supporters nonlinear optics compound, solid state proton conductivity and the intercalation complex precusor by introducing different active organic group or active center into the choice and stable framework of inorganic a - zirconium phosphate

有機?無機晶態混合磷酸鋯具有無機磷酸鋯的層板穩定性和規整性，同時具有層間有機基團的可設計性和有機無機磷酸混合配比的可調節性的特點，是一類很有潛力的靈巧材料，並且可以根據目標反應的要求進行分子設計和優化篩選，在無機磷酸鋯優良穩定的骨架上引入不同的活性基團或活性中心，可以制備出性能獨特的離子篩、催化劑、催化劑載體、非線性光學物質、固態質子導體和制備插層復合物的前驅物。

In this report, we mainly covered the following aspects of " tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ " : 1 ) procedures of tissue organd regeneration and replication and replication in clnical practice ; 2 ) the discover and existence of potentiald regenerative cell ( prc ) ; 3 ) the proliferation, differentiation and regeneration law of potential law of potential regenerative cells ; 4 ) study procedure on tissue organ regeneration and replication from prcs in vitro based on the model of full skin organ regeneration in situ after extensive in vitro, set up the method and technology of searching life regenerative substance required in tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ. in this study, first, the whole human body is divided into 206 function units, which are the " tissue organ " in regeneration study. then the histology foundation of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ is set up. in ordre to prove the existence of the potential regenerative cells and their potential baility and function, we established clinical tracking rechnique of skin organ regeneration in situ ; meanwhile, several tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro models which represent different kinds of runctions were sucessfully set up, with all these techniques and models, we confirmed : 1 ) the existence, function and ability of pptemtoa regenerative cells ; 2 ) the importance of life regenerative substance ; 3 ) the feasibility of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 4 ) the big value of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ in life science and medicine progerss. we also showed the possible foreground of capture cancer with this method and technologh. in this report, nearly 200 photographs of several tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ or in vitro demonstrated the whole process of tissue organ and big organ entities regeneration and replication from cells. the results of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ mainly include : 1 ) whole skin organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 2 ) gastrointestinal mucosa tissue organ regeneration in vitro ; 3 ) hair follicle tissue organ regeneration in situ or in vitro ; 4 ) never tissue organ regeneration in situ ; 5 ) pancreas tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro ; 5 ) marrow tissue regeneration in vitro ; 6 ) renal glomerulus and tubule tissue organ tugeneraation in vitro ; 7 ) heart muscle regeneration in vitro, etcl. in order to let more and more people know and understand this technology of tissue organd regeneration and replication in situ, herein, for the first time, we publicize the key points of actualizing this technology. also, we publicized the technology procedures and the frame constitute of life substances. we bilieve this is a big contribution to human science

本研究報告，重點報道了組織器官的原位再生復制的臨床程序，報道了組織潛能再生細胞的發現和存在，以及該細胞的增殖分化和形成組織器官的變化規律.以燒傷后皮膚組織器官的原位再生復制為模型，研究出了體外組織潛能再生細胞復制組織器官的培養方法;以體外組織器官的復制為模型，建立了尋找原位組織器官再生復制所需生命物質的方法和技術.本研究，首先按人體的器官功能，分解為206個功能單位，確立了所復制的人體器官中的組織功能單位為組織器官，從而建立了原位組織器官再生復制的組織學基礎.為了驗證組織潛能再生細胞的再生潛能，建立了皮膚器官原位再生的實體臨床跟蹤技術，同時又建立了能代表有關器官功能類別的代表組織器官的原位和體外復制模型，以多組織器官的成功復制確定潛能再生細胞的作用，確定生命研究再生物質的重要性，確定組織器官原位再生復制的可行性，確定了組織器官原位再生復制的生命科學研究和醫學進步的重大應用價值，同時展示了用此方法和技術攻克癌癥的前景.本研究報告，以近二百幅多個組織器官原位和體外再生復制的實體圖片，展示了潛能再生細胞復制的組織器官和大器官司實體;展示了細胞再生復制器官的全過程.真實的報告了組織器官原位再生復制的成果.所公布的主要成果為:皮膚器官的原位再生復制;胃腸黏膜組織器官的原位和體外再生復制;毛囊組織器官的原位和體外再生復制;神經組織器官的原位復制;胰腺組織器官的體外復制;骨髓組織的體外復制;腎小球小管組織器官的體外復制;心肌的體外復制等.為了讓更多的人學會和掌握組織器官原位再生復制技術，本報告首次公布實施技術的重要環節和技術流程;首次公布了生命再生物質的框架和組成.作者自費研究成果對人類生命科學的一大貢獻

There were two conventional 14c ages, 9965 + 110 years on charcoal grains from the upper strata and 14550 + 450 years on fossil bones from the lower part. thus zhangkou cave was considered being late pleistocene to early holocene in time

已測定上部地層炭屑和下部地層骨化石的常規~ （ 14 ） c年齡分別為9965 110和14550 450年，發掘者據此認為該地點的年代為晚更新世末至全新世早期。

Proceeding with the analysis of water resource peculiarity of jilin province, the authors bring forward that effective gathering and using of rainwater can supplement the gross amount of rainwater in valley, probe into rainwater resources use in jilin province : first is to make rainwater resources use plan in valley program, secondly is to construct gully dam system according to water and soil conservation project, to strengthen sloping field collection rain ' s project and forest - grass construction, to increase storage space, thirdly is to fully utilize field project and water conservancy project to gather rain water, intercept rainfall on the spot so as to restore water environment

摘要從吉林省水資源特點分析入手，提出了雨水資源的有效集蓄利用是補充流域水資源總量不足的重要因素，探討了在吉林省雨水資源主要利用途徑是首先在小流域規劃中作好雨水資源利用規劃；其次是建設以水土保持治溝骨幹工程為主的溝道壩系，強化坡面集雨工程和林草植被建設，增大貯水空間；第三是充分利用田間工程和水利工程集雨蓄水，使降雨就地就近被攔蓄，最終使水環境得以修復。

This thesis also studied the influence of the spacing, which is between the central action point on the shackle and the exterior plate of the chassis frame side rail, because the spacing influenced the local stress distribution and the stress concentration of the bus body frame and the chassis frame, and the related variational tendency was summarized

本文還研究了吊耳銷作用力中心點與縱梁腹板間距對車架和客車骨架的應力分佈與集中的影響，總結了相關的變化趨勢。

In the molecular orbital theory, the molecule of the conjugated hydrocarbons considered generally can be represented in carbon - atom skeleton graph, the character of this kind of graphs is that all vertices have degree no greater than three and have a perfect matching

在分子軌道理論中，所考慮的共軛碳氫化合物的分子常用碳原子骨架圖來表示，此類圖的特徵是所有頂點的度不超過3 ，並且具有完美匹配。

Conclusions repairring the defects of metacarpophalangeal joint from 2 to 5 with this method was able to obtain a simple operation ， taking materials of what was there ， a little injury ， stable fix for fracture ， short treatment course and exercising early after the operation and promote healing of fracture

結論該方法在修復2 - 5掌指關節缺損中具有簡化手術，就地取材，損傷小，骨折固定可靠，便於早期功能鍛煉，縮短療程，再造關節血運佳等優點。

Many optimization joints mid design methods which have been applied in actual engineerings are put forward, including the rc looped - beam joint, enforced - steel loop joint, joint between columns filled with steel tubes and rc beams, joint between columns filled with steel reinforced concrete and rc columns, joint between column filled with steel tube and composite beam, composite beam design method, prestressed laminated open - web truss mid so on

其中，提出的較優化的鋼筋砼環梁節點、鋼加強環節點、鋼管砼柱與鋼筋砼柱節點、鋼骨砼柱與鋼筋砼梁節點、鋼骨磚柱與組合梁節點及組合梁設計方法、預應力疊層空腹桁架等，都已應用於實際高層建築中。

The artificial cartilage has some advantages : 1. there are two cages in the inner face to fix the prosthesis, the cages should be full with allograft bone granules in operation. 2

仿生個體化人工關節軟骨具有以下特點： a關節內面帶兩個cage ，手術時內置自、異體骨及bmp 、 fgf 、 tgf等骨生長因子，起生物固定關節面的作用。

An mtrp is a hyperirritable spot in a taut band of skeletal muscle fibers with characteristics related to central sensitization in the spinal cord

肌筋膜激痛點是骨骼肌肉纖維里緊繃肌帶上的過度激活點，伴隨著與脊髓里中樞性敏感化有相關聯的特徵。

We have carried out th / u dating on intercalated calcite samples. the results show that the capping flowstone layer is of an age of 94 ka, and the second one 220 ka. the fossil - bearing deposits which are bracketed by the two flowstone layers should be of an age between 94 and 220 ka

新生碳酸鹽巖與骨化石的鈾系測年結果表明：該地點覆蓋含人牙化石堆積的表層鈣板在約94ka以前開始形成，堆積疊壓的鈣板年代為約220ka ，人牙化石的年代應介於兩者之間。

Segmentation of chromosome : the chromosome image is segmented by the method of boundary gray level threshold and entropy algorithm based on genetic algorithm, then, after boundary smoothing and edge tracing, the chromosome position information is acquired. 2. diagnostic extraction of chromosome : on the basis of skeleton pixel after thinning, the medial axes are obtained by the orthogonal approximation

主要研究內容如下: 1 、染色體圖像分割:採用基於邊界灰度的門限演算法和基於遺傳演算法的熵演算法來尋找染色體圖像二值化需要的分割閾值，對分割后的圖像存在的噪聲分別採用內插來置換和邊界跟蹤來消除; 2 、染色體特徵提取:採用細化技術將染色體細化一些離散的骨架點，用插值方法獲得平滑的曲線染色體中線。