高溫結構組分 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gāowēnjiēgòuzǔfēn]
高溫結構組分 英文
high temperature compressive
  • 高 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （從下向上距離大; 離地面遠） tall; high 2 （在一般標準或平均程度之上; 等級在上的） above...
  • 溫 : Ⅰ形容詞（不冷不熱） warm; lukewarm; hot; gentle; mild Ⅱ名詞1 （溫度） temperature 2 （瘟） acute ...
  • 結 : 結動詞（長出果實或種子） bear （fruit）; form （seed）
  • 構 : Ⅰ動詞1 （構造; 組合） construct; form; compose 2 （結成） fabricate; make up 3 （建造; 架屋） bui...
  • 組 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由不多的人員組成的單位） group 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（組織） organize; form Ⅲ量詞（...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 高溫 : high temperature; elevated temperature; hyperthermia; megatemperature; inferno
  • 結構 : 1 （各組成部分的搭配形式） structure; composition; construction; formation; constitution; fabric;...
  1. The thesis has summarized the development of the oblique - pull bridge, its construction technology and the importance of bridge construction control, then has introduced project general situation, and has narrated detailed regulation, organization construction, the major work and difficult part of this bridge construction control. the following is the key part of this thesis, firstly, it has introduced the experiment work of early stage, structural calculation and its theoretical result : the absolute altitude of each operating mode, the absolute altitude of building mould in each section and the absolute altitude after pouring concrete ; then, it has discussed the method and content of the line shape control of the main beam, actual absolute altitude of building mould is put forward, and it has described the method of structural stress monitoring, how to arrange measure point and collect data, and how to analyze data. it has also narrated the method of rope force detection and structural temperature inspection

    本論文在總結了斜拉橋的發展及其施工工藝，並指出了橋梁施工控制的重要性之後，簡要的介紹了工程概況，敘述了炳草崗金沙江大橋監控細則、組織機構及監控的主要工作和難點部分；論文的核心部分，在介紹了炳草崗金沙江大橋施工控制與監測工作的前期實驗工作和施工各工況標高、各節段支模標高、澆注混凝土后的標高的結構計算和其理論計算結果之後，詳細論述了主梁的標高線形控制方法和內容，實際支模標高的提出，結構應力監控的方法、布點、測讀及其對測讀數據的合理分析方法，索力檢測和結構溫度監測的方法。
  2. The article mainly studied and analyzed the chemical structure and conponents of yeast, pointed out that the way that yeast autolysis combined together with both breaking - wall in temperature difference and high - pressure homogenization can be used to promot the inside things from waste yeast cell and enhance the extract rate, thus searched for the technology in higher extraction rate

    摘要主要研究分析了酵母化學結構與組成，提出了酵母自溶、溫差破壁、高壓均漿三者相結合的方法來促進酵母內容物溶出提高抽提率，探索抽提率比較高的工藝流程。
  3. It focuses on the theory of the mineral functional materials " improving the anti - chloride permeability and the chloride binding. the main achievements of this article include : 1 ) use the technology of xrd, sem, bet, laser particle size distributor etc to test the component, the construction, particle size distributor, specific surface etc of micro - silica, ultra - fined slag, high quality fly ash, meta - kaolin clay, four types of the mineral functional material, theoretically analysis the functions which the four mineral functional minerals act on cement concrete, namely pozzolanicity effect, filling effect, micro - aggregate effect, surface adsorption effect and so bring into play the affect of plastification, lowing of temperature, reinforcement, improvement of durability. base on this analysis we can conclude that the proper diameter of the mineral functional material is 5 m - 15 m, that is blain fineness 4500cm2 / g - 7500cm2 / g

    本論文的主要成果包括以下幾個方面： （ 1 ）採用xrd 、 sem 、 bet 、激光粒度分析儀等多種測試手段，探明了以硅灰，超細磨粒化高爐礦渣，優質粉煤灰及偏高嶺土超細粉等4種超細礦物功能材料的組成、結構、粒度分佈、比表面積等基本性質；從理論上分析了礦物功能材料在混凝土中的4種效應，即火山灰效應、填充密實效應、微集料效應、表面吸附效應，並由此發揮出增塑、溫峰削減（降熱） ，增強及耐久性改善等作用；通過相關理論分析，推導出礦物功能材料的合理粒徑范圍在5 m 15 m ，即勃氏比表面積為4500cm ~ 2 g 7500cm ~ 2 g 。
  4. Shock wave compression technique has play an important role in the understanding of the material composition thermodynamic state and physical properties of the earth ' s ulterior. in this article, the stabling of high - pressure phase of one of the main candidate materials of the earth ' s lower mantle ? enstatite ( mg0. 92, fe0. 08 ) sio3 were investigated through the experimented measurement of hugoniot equation of state, and together with thermodynamic calculation and analysis

    本學位論文以沖擊壓縮技術為手段，從測量其hugoniot物態方程入手，結合高壓物理和熱力學理論分析，較深入地研究了下地幔中的一種主要候選組分頑火輝石（ mg _ （ 0 . 92 ） ， fe _ （ 0 . 08 ） ） sio _ 3在與下地幔大致相當的溫度壓力條件下的相態-鈣鈦礦型結構的相穩定性。
  5. The main computer is programmed under windows, while the assistant computer is programmed under dos. the last, based on the idea of module - structure, the software of the testing system are designed, thus this software system is compatible and transplantable to design again. the experiment of measuring principle is taken : take the xy flat of lathe as the parallel - pole device and adjust the angle of sensor, the rotating - probe can test the felloe mould in scanning way

    藉助虛擬儀器的思想，對測控系統進行了設計：採用光柵尺、光電編碼器測量可動部件的運動量，解析度高、誤差小；採用細分驅動的步進電機裝置，控制性能好；系統實施環境溫度的檢測、補償，提高了檢測精度；基於兩級微機組建測控系統：主機為人機界面，採用windows編程，從機用dos編程，實時性好；軟體設計採用兼容性和移植性好的模塊式結構，便於二次開發。
  6. The raw materials, the composition, the time of milling, the calcining temperature, the different additives, the sintering temperature and the sintering parameters were investigated. the result showed : it was advantaged to obtain high initial permeability mnzn ferrite with stable frequency characteristic using high - purity raw materials ; in order to obtain mnzn ferrite with high properties, we must control strictly the composition ; it could improve the properties of mnzn ferrite by optimizing calcining temperature. the lower calcining temperature made the permeability higher, and the higher calcining temperature could promote the frequency characteristic of permeability ; we chosen the right time of milling according to the requirement of power diameter ; in order to improve the properties of mnzn ferrite, it is necessary to add effective additives. in this dissertation, the influence of bi2o3 、 moo3 、 k2co3 、 co2o3 were investigated ; the sintering temperature, the time of heat - retaining and sintering parameters were the key factors of preparing high permeability mnzn ferrites

    研究結果表明:採用高純度的fe2o3有利於獲得高起始磁導率且頻率特性優良的鐵氧體;為了制備所需性能的鐵氧體，需要嚴格控制配方中各種原材料的含量，優化配方;由於粉體活性受預燒條件的影響，所以對不同要求的鐵氧體選擇的預燒條件就不一樣，適當降低預燒溫度有利於獲得較高的起始磁導率，而為了獲得良好的頻率特性可以適當地提高預燒溫度;根據對粉體顆粒粒徑的不同需求，可以選擇不同的球磨時間;而有效的添加劑是改善材料性能的必要條件，本文在添加劑的研究中主要對bi2o3 、 moo3 、 k2co3 、 co2o3的影響分別作了詳細地討論;燒結溫度、保溫時間和燒結氣氛是高磁導率mnzn鐵氧體制備最關鍵的工藝，適宜的燒結工藝可以獲得理想微結構和組成，從而得到高性能的鐵氧體材料;而從材料的微結構上來看，要提高材料的截止頻率，就要適當地細化晶粒、增加晶粒內部的氣孔。
  7. The experimental results further demonstrate that the combination of incompatibility polydimethylsiloxane and polyacrylate by co - vulcanization improves the both compatibility and broadens the low temperature and high temperature functional region. while in sin, to improve microphase structures and damping properties, the design to increase compatibility between two compositions and modulate crosslinking density as well as relative reaction rate of two compositions, is also effective

    以上實驗結果表明，在復合橡膠阻尼材料中將聚硅氧烷與聚丙烯酸酯通過共混硫化相結合，改進了二者的相容性，拓寬了其阻尼功能區的低溫和高溫溫域；而在sin中通過改善組四川大學博士學位論文分間相容性，調節交聯密度控制其微相結構和兩種組分相對反應速度的快慢，進而控制材料阻尼性能的設計是行之有效的。
  8. The sort, material composite, structure properties and conduction mechanisms of eca ( electrical conductive adhesive ) were discussed in this paper. then three types of ega specimens were designed and made, on which temperature cycles test from - 55 ? to + 125 ? and thermal aging at + 125 ? were carried out. changes of the adhesive strength, eca ' s bulk resistance and contact resistance under the environment stress were summarized and a detailed evaluation on these specimens was given

    本文在全面闡述導電膠的分類組成、物理結構、導電機理的基礎上，設計並製作了三批導電膠樣品，通過對樣品進行長時間的- 55 ? ? + 125溫度循環和125高溫存儲試驗，總結了導電膠粘接強度、體電阻和接觸電阻在環境應力下的變化規律，對三類樣品的長期可靠性做出了全面的評價，並結合導電膠電阻率和「穿流閾值」的計算機模擬，給出了提高導電膠可靠性和電導率的建議，介紹了國內外在高電導率高可靠性導電膠研製方面的一些最新進展。
  9. This thesis conducts a detailed analysis of yangda dairying group ( ydg ) from the perspective of marketing situation, competitiveness and designs four sorts of management strategies through " swot ". there are : ( 1 ) to emphasize freshness of our products ; ( 2 ) to regulate or innovate inner organizational structure of the enterprise under the pressure of external competition ; ( 3 ) to introduce green marketing concept by taking advantage of advanced technologies at yangzhou university ; ( 4 ) to avoid competition with rivals on room - temperature dairy products

    本文從營銷環境、競爭力的角度對揚大乳業集團作了細致分析，並通過swot分析設計出了四大類經營戰略方案，即採取差別化戰略突出乳品在本地市場的新鮮優勢；利用外部競爭壓力加快推動對內部組織結構的調整和改造；充分發揮高校科技與人才優勢，引進綠色營銷理念，塑造綠色乳品形象，引導綠色乳品消費，避免在簡單的買贈促銷上與競爭對手對抗；採取「有所為有所不為」的策略，避免在常溫產品上與競爭對手進行正面競爭。
  10. An excellent adhesive was prepared from bismaleimide ( bmi ), epoxy resin ( e - 51 and tde - 85 ), 4, 4 ' - diaminodiphenyl sulfone ( dds ) in this thesis. the influence of liquid rubber and polymer ether imide ( pei ) on the properties ( especially high - temperature strength and the peeling strength ) were discussed, their different toughening characteristics and mechanisms were discussed. last, the process and effection of heat - resisted structural adhesive were studied by adhesive experiment of synchronizer in automobile. the results of investigation made clear : the adhesive, has good properties, especially heat - resisted properity

    根據材料分子設計的原理，研究了二苯甲烷雙馬來酰亞胺（ bmi ） 4 ， 4 』 ?二胺基二苯基碸（ dds ） e ? 51 tde ? 85組成的環氧膠粘劑體系，研究該體系在作為高溫結構膠粘劑使用時的粘接性能；然後研究了用無規羧基液體丁腈橡膠（ ctbn ? x ）和聚醚酰亞胺（ pei ）分別來增韌該體系的增韌效果；最後通過碳纖維耐磨材料與同步器圓錐環的粘接實驗，研究了耐高溫結構膠粘劑的粘接工藝和使用效果。
  11. The questions the researcher concerned are which system will be chosen and how to obtain the good lithium ionic conductor materials, which is the basic departure of the paper. the addition of second phase in composite can change the interface structure and the conduction mechanism, improve the matrix conductivity and other function such as the sintering, crisping and so on, so the research of composites are an interesting field of the ionic conductors. the synthesis of lithium ionic conductor is often by solid state reaction, but this method needs high temperature and leads to the volatility of lithium which not only causes the drift of the compounds but gets the no well - distributed materials

    研究者所關注的問題是選擇新的體系進行研究，以期得到性能更好的鋰離子導體材料，這也正是本論文的基本出發點；復合離子導體中第二相的加入改善了基質的界面結構和導電機制，不僅可以提高基質材料的電導率，還可以在一定程度上改善材料的其它性能，如燒結性能、脆性和機械強度等。因此復合材料的研究是離子導體一個有廣闊前景的發展方向；合成鋰離子導體，特別是成分復雜的體系以傳統的固相合成法為主，但這種方法需要較高的溫度，容易引起鋰的揮發，從而造成產物組成的偏移，而且不易得到顯微結構均勻的材料。
  12. Cu - zn - cr - zr conducting bar alloy and cu - cr - zr end ring alloys used for superpower asynchronous traction motor rotor were prepared by ingot metallurgy. using hardness measurement, tensile test at room and higher temperature, electrical resistance test at room and higher temperature, optical microscopy, xrd, sem, and tem, the mechanical and electric properties and the microstructure of above alloys at different treatment were studied. them were also analysed and explained in theory

    採用鑄錠冶金法制備了大功率異步牽引電動機轉子用導條合金和端環合金，通過硬度測試、室溫拉伸、高溫拉伸、電導率測定、金相分析、 xrd 、 sem 、 tem等方法研究了不同加工工藝和熱處理工藝對上述合金力學性能、導電性能及其組織結構的影響和變化規律，並從理論上進行了分析和解釋。
  13. The explosive welding specimen were also annealed in vacuum at various elevated temperature from 1000 to 1300. optic microscope, sem, tem and eds ( electron diffraction scattering ) techniques are applied to observe the microstructure and the element profiles of the welding interface and the interdiffused layer, reveal the interdiffused performance of alloy elements at elevated temperature, and analyze the structure and composition of the precipitated phases. moreover, the tensile strength of welding line with the two different techniques and various welding parameters were carried out

    採用金相、掃描電鏡、透射電鏡、能譜等多種實驗手段對焊接結合層的微觀組織結構、高溫下nb - 1zr與不銹鋼合金元素的互擴散行為，形成的互擴散層的成分、金相組織和擴散層中的析出相的相組成和相結構等，都進行了較為詳細的分析，並且對在不同工藝、不同焊接參數下焊接的nb - 1zr合金和不銹鋼的焊縫做了強度實驗研究。
  14. Furthermore, the growth and the study of self - organized quantum dots structures become more and more important recently, and the application of self - organization technique become wider and wider in this thesis, we address the theory of film growth and the growth technique firstly more, the ways and characteristics of surface detection are prescribed we mainly report the growth process, results and discuss of self - organized quantum dots structures in the a12o3 substrates by s - k mode using ecr - mocvd, in the espd - u device the growth art of ain epilayer which is the preliminary foundation of self - organized gan / ain quantum dots structures, including the substrate cleaning, nitridation, the growth of buffer and the growth of gan and ain epilayer, is discussed we deliberately compare the test result of rheed xrd and afm and achieved the optimalized condition of ain at last we have successfully realized the growth of ain which is much smooth and better crystal quality moreover, we grow the self - organized gan / ain quantum dots structure in s - k mode because the limits of the heater temperature, we can not grow the atom - smooth epilayer of ain until now so we could not grow better quantum dots which have small diameter and big density but the self - organized quantum dots structures with better quality will be realized successfully if the substrate temperature is increased the thesis study belong to my tutor subject of national nature science foundation ( 69976008 )

    本論文主要論述了在espd - u裝置上，採用電子迴旋共振等離子體增強mocvd （ ecr - pamocvd ）方法，在藍寶石襯底上通過s - k模式自組裝生長gan aln量子點結構的生長工藝、結果及討論。而重點分析了自組裝生長量子點之前的aln外延層生長工藝，包括襯底清洗、氮化、緩沖層的生長和gan 、 aln外延層的生長；通過高能電子衍射、 x射線衍射和原子力顯微鏡測試，並且對這些測試結果進行了詳細的比較研究，得出了較優化的工藝條件，生長出了晶質較好、表面較平整的aln外延層；進而採用s - k模式自組裝生長了gan aln量子點結構。由於實驗裝置加熱爐溫度的限制，我們沒有能夠生長出原子級平滑的aln外延層表面，因而沒能夠生長出密度比較大和直徑比較小的量子點。
  15. Sige simox : oxygen ions with high dose were implanted into sige grown directly on silicon substrate for the first time, and sige - oi novel structure was formed successfully with additional high temperature annealing ; it has been confirmed that oxygen implantation with 45kev, 3 1017cm - 2 and annealing at 12500c in ar + 5 % o2 for 5 hours, are fit for the formation of sige - oi structure ; ge loss during the high temperature annealing has been observed, which is originated from ge volatility and ge diffusion ; it has been proposed to use nanoporous layer induced by h + / he + implantation to surppress ge diffusion and to use surface oxidation to overcome the upper limit of sige simox. sige smart - cut : hydrogen ions were implanted into sige material and followed by high temperature process ( 4000c to 7000c ) ; blistering study was done and suggested the possibility of sige layer transfer by smart - cut technology ; it is concluded that the bubble formation is easier in sige than in si, and the strain in sige / si and the difference of binding energy in sige and in si could possibly contribute to this effect. behavior of sige / si implanted with hydrogen : gave a detailed study on sige implanted by beamline or phi hydrogen implantation ; it has been found that great strain is introduced into sige by hydrogen implantation and this strain could be alleviated by high temperature annealing ; both for conditional beamline implantation and piii hydrogen implantation, 600 is appropriate for the post - implantation treatment

    Sige - simox工藝方面：首次採用硅（ 100 ）襯底上直接外延的100nm厚sige的樣品中注入高劑量的o離子，通過退火處理成功制備了sige - oi新結構，即sige - simox工藝，證實了以45kev注入3 10 ~ （ 17 ） 7cm ~ （ - 2 ）劑量的氧離子，隨后在氧化層的保護下經1250 ， ar + 5 o _ 2氣氛的高溫退火（ 5小時）過程，可以制備出sige - oi新型材料；實驗中觀察到退火過程中的ge損失現象，分析了其原因是ge揮發（ ge通過表面氧化層以geo揮發性物質的形式進入退火氣氛）和ge擴散（ ge穿過離子注入形成的氧化埋層而進入si襯底中） ，其中ge擴散是主要原因；根據實驗結果及實驗中出現的問題，對下一步工作提出兩個改進的方案：一是通過在si襯底中注入適量h ~ + / he ~ +形成納米孔層來阻斷ge擴散通路，二是可以通過控製表面氧化來調節安止額士淤丈撈要表面sige層中的ge組分，從而部分解決sige
  16. This research has studied the microstructure of cathode materials systematically by the means of high resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, surveyed the electron emission performance of la2o3, - mo, la2o3 - y2o3 - mo, la2o3 - sc2c > 3 - mo cathode with the self - designed electron emission surveyor and analyzed the elements changing of the surface of mo - la2o3 - sc2c > 3 cathode in - situ. while it was heated to different temperature. at last, the relationship of the microstructure of cathode, diffusion of active matter and electron emission performances has been discussed

    本研究採用高分辨掃描電鏡、透射電鏡對稀土鉬鎢陰極材料的顯微結構進行了系統研究；利用本課題研究組設計研製的電子發射測量儀對la2o3 - mo ， la2o3 - sc2o3 - mo ， la2o3 ? y2o3 - mo三種陰極（以下稱鑭?鉬陰極、鑭鈧?鉬陰極、鑭釔?鉬陰極）的發射性能進行了測量；利用經改造后的俄歇電子能譜儀「原位」分析了發射性能較好的鑭鈧鉬陰極在不同溫度下表面活性元素的變化情況。
  17. The fitness of four negative electrode materials such as al, fe, zn, cd, and of six membranes materials : microfiber glass mat separator, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinylon, soapnated cellulose acetate, and of four current collects : carbon fiber ; nickel foam ; nickel foam sthongthened by iron wire net, punched silver grid in the super - iron alkaline batteries was comparatively studied. the influence of two storaged method ( with and without electrolyte ) and two impurities ( zno, fe ( oh ) 3 ) to the experiment cell ' s self - discharge nature was also comparatively studied. at last, the nature of discharge. structure and electrochemistry of experimental cell with k2feo4 as cathode active material prepared by three different methods : high temperature reaction, hypochlorite oxidizing and electrolysis, was comparative ly studied. we can conclude : i ) the open - circuit potential and the flat of work potential and the percent of capacity of k2feo4 till 1. 0v during the discharge at constant load of experimental cells decreased by the order of al / k2feo4, zn / k2feo4, cd / k2feo4, fe / k2feo4. as for the nature of charge - discharge cycle, cd / k2feo4 fe / k2feo4 zn / k2feo4. in water solute electrolyte, although al / k2feo4 can n ' t be used as storage battery, it have great potential as primary cell or storage cell from the aspect of its discharge capacity. discharge power

    採用組裝實驗電池、 x -射線衍射（ xrd ）和循環伏安（ cv ）的方法，從實驗電池的放電特性、充放電循環特性、自放電特性，不同高鐵酸鹽的結構特性和電化學特性幾個方面，對4種金屬負極材料（ al 、 fe 、 zn 、 cd ） 、 6種隔膜材料（復合玻璃纖維、幅射接枝聚乙烯、改性聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、維尼綸無紡布、皂化再生纖維素） 、 4種集流體材料（泡沫鎳、以鐵網為加強層的泡沫鎳、切拉銀網、炭纖維編織網）在堿性高鐵電池中的適用性進行了比較研究；對2種雜質組分（ zno 、 fe （ oh ） _ 3 ）和2類不同貯存方式（干、濕）對實驗電池自放電特性的影響進行了比較研究；對3種方法（高溫固相反應、次氯酸鹽氧化、直流電解）所制k _ 2feo _ 4的實驗電池的放電特性、結構特性和電化學性能進行了比較研究。
  18. The phase composition and microstructure of sm - fe - zr alloy with different amount of zr are analyzed and the effect of zr content on the microstructure of as - cast sm - fe - zr alloy is studied. the results indicate that microstructure of as - cast sm - fe - zr alloy is improved obviously with 1. 0at % zr added, and that the long - time high temperature homogenization is unnecessary for the alloys with this microstructure. by this way, the purpose of the research to decrease the cost of preparation and optimize process is achieved

    分析了不同zr含量的sm - fe - zr合金的相組成和微結構，研究了zr含量對鑄態組織的影響，結果表明，添加1 . 0at的zr可以明顯改善合金的鑄態組織，從而可以避免昂長的高溫均勻化退火過程，取得了降低製造成本和優化工藝的效果。
  19. According to structural characteristics of multi - phased alloy steels and the properties of ultrasonic propagation, microstructures characterization with different heat treatment processes ( normalizing, quenching / annealing, quenching plus low tempering, quenching plus high tempering ) for three steels ( 40cr, 38crmoal, gcrlssimn ) was studied experimentally by using ultrasonic methods. ultrasonic velocity, relative attenuation coefficient, and power spectral analyses were researched on the same samples respectively, on the basis of theory and experiment, the sensitivity and other characterizations of the three methods used to distinguish different microstructures were compared

    根據具有多種相結構合金鋼不同熱處理轉變產物的組織特點，以及超聲波在其中的傳播規律，利用超聲波速度、相對衰減系數以及功率譜分析三種方法，對三種鋼（ 40cr 、 38crmoal及gcr15simn ）不同熱處理（正火、淬火退火、淬火+低溫回火及淬火+高溫回火）轉變產物的顯微組織進行了超聲表徵研究。
  20. The effects of the fabrication and heat - treatment methods on the microstructures and properties of the nb - si system intermetallics have been studied and the optimized nb - si intermetallic system as well as the optimized fabrication and processing procedures have been selected. the presence of alloying elements as well as the morphology and microstructure of the compound phases with these elements has been investigated. the effects of the alloying elements on the high - temperature oxidation behavior of the nb - si system intermetallics have also been studied

    本文研究了不同的制備工藝和熱處理制度對nb - si系金屬間化合物顯微組織和性能的影響，優選了合適的材料體系、制備工藝和熱處理制度，分析了微合金化元素及其形成相的組織、結構、形態、存在形式等及其對材料高溫抗氧化行為的影響，提出了材料高溫抗氧化行為和室溫斷裂行為的微觀機制，為研製nb - si系金屬間化合物基高溫結構材料奠定了一定的基礎。
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