actual ownership 中文意思是什麼
actual ownership
解釋
事實上的所有權-
As a kind of endogenic phenomenon of progressive reform, the reasons of financial dilemma lie in financial preference of nationalization and soft budget restriction of state - owned enterprises, asymmetric information and the rate which is not decided by market transaction, and the actual ownership - discrimination of stock market and bond market
作為漸進改革的一種內生現象，民營經濟的金融困境源於「國有化」金融偏好與國有企業預算軟約束，信息不對稱與利率非市場化，以及股票市場與債券市場事實上的「所有制」歧視。 -
Unfortunately, neither of these two causes, according to the agency theory and the actual situation of china, can be thoroughly eliminated. so what can be done now is only to partly solve tr management problems. in this case the author proposes some problem - solving strategies in the positions of managers and employees, for in the light of state - contingent ownership theory they are also owners just as stockholders do
因為契約的不完全性導致的機會主義行為是一種在任何企業中都存在的且不可能完全根除的普遍現象，並且tr公司所有者缺位的問題按照中國目前的情況還無法解決，所以筆者提出要徹底解決tr公司所出現的問題是不現實的，但按照狀態依存所有權理論，可以從tr公司管理層和員工的角度來尋找處理問題的對策。 -
Company system settles not only the entire separation of the ultimate ownership and direct management right but also the combination of corporate ownership and actual management right. company system is a kind of advanced form of enterprise systems which has compatibility with market economy
公司制企業既解決了最終所有權和直接經營權完全分離的問題，又解決了法人所有權和實際經營權結合的問題，這種明晰的產權關系是企業成為自主經營、自負盈虧的獨立的市場主體的產權基礎。 -
How to set up the incentive and restraint mechanism is one of the hot topics. this thesis, based on cec ' s actual situation, aims to solve the problem of long - term motivation and fully stimulate the executives to enhance the operation and profitability by coming up with the annual - pay plan, reforming zr ( subsidiary company ) ownership and carry employee stock ownership plan ( esop ) and cec ' s shareholding incentive plan into execution
建立企業經營者激勵與約束機制是國內外學者和企業界人士研究的熱點課題之一，通過回顧前人取得的關于公司治理的理論成果，結合國內外常見的股權激勵方式，本論文結合cec的實際情況，提出了企業經營者年薪制方案、所屬zr公司改制及員工持股方案、 cec股權激勵方案，希望以此來解決企業經營者長期報酬激勵問題，充分調動企業經營者的積極性，提高企業的經營管理水平，促進企業經濟效益的提高。 -
Apart from actual ownership, an interest in real estate may consist of a lease, a mortgage, a lien or other encumbrance on the property
除實際擁有權以外，不動產可包括租憑，房產抵押，抵押品留置權以及其他財產負擔等。 -
But the reform did n ' t receive much actual effect, the efficiency was very obvious, hi the latter stage we mainly explore " the two powers should be separated, " to make the relations between ownership and management of enterprises explicit, make the legal person administer standardize, make property restraint hardenize and so on, explore " system innovation, " and deepen reform
后一個階段主要是探索「兩權分離」 ，圍繞產權關系明確化、多元化，法人治理結構規范化，財產約束硬化等方面，探索「制度創新」 ，進一步深化改革。 1993年十四屆三中全會以後企業體制改革，在不同范圍內試行廠承包制、租憑制、企業經營責任制、資產經營責任制、股份制等多種企業體制改革形式。 -
The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level
文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。 -
Part : the practice and actual operating mechanism of mixed ownership in china ' s economic restructuring
第二部分即中篇：混合所有制與中國經濟體制改革。 -
In accordance with enterprise group ' s connotation and the basic principles of corporate governance, this paper intends to clarify the fact that separation of ownership and managing right is not only the features of modern enterprise system, but also a prerequisite of corporate governance. therefore on the one hand we should use the successful experience of corporate governance in europe and the usa for reference, and on the other establish an improved corporate governance of the cape group in accordance with the actual conditions of the country and the organization, which will be building an inspiration, restriction and supervision mechanism which will effectively constrain the agent in order to keep the benefit of owner as the same as operator ' s in the greatest degree
本文從企業集團的內涵和法人治理結構的基本原理入手，闡明了所有權與經營權的分離是現代企業制度的特徵，也是法人治理結構的前提，一方面要借鑒歐美國家公司治理的成功經驗和做法，另一方面結合我國國情和本單位的實際如何建立和完善凱普集團的法人治理結構，通過有效地對代理人（經理人）的制衡建立一種激勵、約束和監督的機制，使所有者與經營者的利益最大限度地保持一致。 -
The stock is a stock company owned by the actual capital ownership certificates, the proceeds only on behalf of the right to receive the proceeds of future evidence, it is not the actual capital, but only indirectly reflect the actual situation of the capital campaign, which manifested as a kind of virtual capital
股票只是對一個股份公司擁有的實際資本的所有權證書，只是代表取得收益的權利，是對未來收益的支取憑證，它本身不是實際資本，而只是間接地反映了實際資本運動的狀況，從而表現為一種虛擬資本。 -
For this purpose, this article is titled as an economic analysis of law on the corporate behavior and interest of shareholders under the dualistic ownership structure, using the economic analysis of law method ( with posner as the representative economist ) as the basic analytic and argumentation method, with the actually existent dualistic ownership structure on china ’ s securities markets as the precondition for this research, with the target of legal regulation - shareholder interests and corporate behavior as the focus of this research, hereafter comes the structure of this paper as following : by using the perspective, theorems and tools of economic analysis of law to analyze the lexononic quality of the dualistic ownership structure which is unique in china and the reasons for the setup of this special kind of ownership structure, disclose the disequilibrium of shareholder interests in the listed companies and the dissimilation characteristics of the behavior of the listed companies under the dualistic ownership structure. then this paper conducts research on the actual regulation efficiency of the company law, the securities law and other relevant laws and
據此，本文以「二元股權結構下公司行為與股東利益的法律經濟分析」為題，即以波斯納為代表的「法律經濟分析」作為本文分析、論證的基本方法，以中國證券市場現實存在的「二元股權結構」作為本文研究的前提條件，以上市公司相關法律調整的對象? ? 「公司行為」及「股東利益」作為本文研究的標的，由此形成本文論述的主要思路:通過和利用法律經濟學的視角、原理和工具，分析中國特有的二元股權結構的法律經濟屬性，以及該特殊股權設置規則形成的原因，揭示二元股權結構下上市公司股東利益的失衡現象及上市公司行為的異化特徵，並在此基礎上研究二元股權結構下公司法、證券法及其他相關法律法規調整的現實效率，以及實現我國上市公司公司行為及股東利益的法律調整體系的相對效率乃至理想的絕對效率的改革途徑。
分享友人