adjoint equation 中文意思是什麼
adjoint equation
解釋
伴隨方程-
Based on the general mathematical models of multibody system dynamics such as the kinematics models of multibody dynamical systems, the ordinary differential equation models and the differential algebraic equation models of dynamics, general forms of the sensitivity equations of the systems are deduced by using direct differentiation method and adjoint variable method
基於通用的多體機械繫統運動學數學模型，常微分方程形式的動力學數學模型、微分/代數方程形式的動力學數學模型分別採用直接微分方法、伴隨變量方法推導出了系統的狀態靈敏度方程的通用形式。對于微分/代數形式的數學模型 -
The numerical algorithm of solving the adjoint equations for different design cases have been developed by using finite volume methodology which is usually used to solve the flow governed equation. it includes the some important aspects, such as flux formulation, wall and far - field boundary treatment methodology, dissipative term formulation, etc. after the solution of the adjoint equations is obtained, the derivatives of the cost function with respect to all the design variables can be evaluated with the same operation. this can yields a significant saving over the other gradient - based techniques when there are many design variables
（ 3 ）進行了應用控制理論和三維歐拉方程的機翼氣動反設計研究，以及有升力約束情形下機翼跨音速減阻問題研究，分別推導了相應的共軛方程及邊界條件數學表達形式，研究與發展了三維共軛方程的有限體積數值求解方法，及相應梯度公式的數值求解方法，通過對計算網格生成、流場計算、共軛方程數值求解、梯度求解和優化演算法等多方面的有效結合，成功發展了三維機翼的氣動反設計和跨音速減阻優化設計程序，成功地進行了多個設計算例研究。 -
According to the integral characteristic of pvdf film, two pvdf sensors are designed to measure adjoint coefficient of sound radiation mode in this paper. based on the theory of sound radiation and two - dimensional modal sensors equation, and taking a simply supported plate as example, we measure mode l, mode 2 and mode 3 adjoint coefficient of its sound radiation by the sensors
本文是在聲輻射模態理論以及兩維分散式壓電傳感器方程的基礎上，利用pvdf獨特的積分特性，以簡支矩形板為例，設計了pvdf壓電薄膜傳感器用於測量簡支板第一、二、三階聲輻射模態伴隨系數。 -
For the expansion theorems of self - adjoint dirac operator, it is difficult to prove it by using the method of integral equation
對于自伴dirac運算元的特徵展開定理的證明，用積分方程方法有一定的困難。 -
The effective optimization design programs for different cases are developed by integrating the following several aspects which involves the flow analysis, adjoint equation solution, gradient solution, optimal arithmetic and grid generation. some practical design tests for airfoil and wing show that the continuous adjoint approach is very effective and useful method for aerodynamic optimization design. at the same time, we have done the research of aerodynamic optimum design for airfoils by using navier - stokes equations
（ 4 ）研究了基於控制理論和三維navier一stokes方程的優化設計理論，在計算坐標下詳細推導了該優化設計理論，得到了計算坐標系下描述的共扼方程數學描述形式，並以給定目標壓力分佈的氣動反設計為例，導出了相應的共扼方程邊界條件，以及關鍵的梯度求解具體表達形式，為了求解方便，把計算空間上描述共扼方程表達形式變換到物理空間中進行描述，通過與ns方程表達形式對比分析，最終給出了一種直觀的共轆方程表達方式。 -
The condition under which the dirac operator is self - adjoint is discussed under the general linear boundary condition between the interval of two points. for the expansion theorem of non - self - adjoint dirac operator, it is unable to use the method of integral equation. but under the linear boundary condition and unlocal boundary condition, the eigenvalue expansion problems of non - self - adjoint operator can still be discussed by using the residue method
對于非自伴dirac運算元的特徵展開定理已無法應用積分方程的方法，本文仍用留數方法對一個兩點非自伴邊界條件和一個非局部邊界條件下產生的非自伴運算元的特徵展開問題進行了討論，分別得到了它們的特徵展開定理。 -
The two analytic examples show that : if the heating and moistening due to convection at the switch - on point is much smaller than all the other terms in the tendency equation, then keeping the " on - off " switches the same as the basic state will produce the right tangent linear model and adjoint model
兩個解析的例子表明：只要「開關」處的對流引起的加熱和加濕遠小於傾向方程的其它項，則保持「開關」變量與基態一致，能夠正確得到切向線性模式和伴隨模式。 -
This led, as we shall see, to the concept of the adjoint equation.
這就引出了，如我們將要看到的，伴隨方程的概念。 -
The adjoint equation in variational assimilation
變分同化中的伴隨方程 -
A two layer numerical model is given which includes vertical integration equation, momentum equation, temperature equation, and its adjoint equations to study the vertical diffusivity coefficient
本文給出了一個二層數值模式，包括全流方程、運動方程和溫度方程，建立了一個伴隨同化模式來研究垂直混合系數。 -
On some reasonable assumptions, the existence and the uniqueness of the solution of partial differential equation are proved by using the semigroup theory ; then based on the current basin temperature from the practical survey, the mathematical model about the identification problem is established, and the identifiability and the existence of the optimal solution of the identification problem are proved ; in terms of the adjoint method presented by chavent, the optimality condition of the identification problem is given ; finally the corresponding algorithm is devised
在適當的假設條件下，利用運算元半群方法證明古地溫度場方程解的存在惟一性；根據現今實測溫度，建立了問題的參數識別模型；證明了可識別性、最優解的存在性；利用chavent等人提出的伴隨方法，給出參數識別問題最優解存在的最優性條件和求該參數識別問題的演算法。
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