available runoff 中文意思是什麼
available runoff
解釋
可用徑流-
Results showed that available k and ( no3 ) ^ ( - 1 ) content were higher in surface runoff in slope cropland and intercrop land between crop and forestry than those in fallow land, intercrop land between forest and grass and afforestation land
研究結果表明： （ 1 ）坡耕地及農林間作下地表徑流中的有效鉀和硝態氮含量高於撂荒荒坡、林草間作和造林林地。 -
Abstract : digital basinis made from digital elevation model considering spatial variability within a catchment. on the basis of digital basin, the digital approach to describing hydrological processes within a catchment is investigated. digital hydrological model is regarded as a modern physically - based modeling technique that includes a large amount of information. the case study on the shiguanhe catchment in the huaihe river basin, intensified observation field of gewex asian monsoon experiment project, has shown that the digital mode lperforms very well not only in simulating runoff processes at any specific site, but also in simulating spatial distribution and temporal variation of hydrological elements and state variable ( especially soil moisture ), if compared with traditional hydrological models. that provides solid foundation for full use of now available observation in formation and in - depth mining of hydrological data
文摘:考慮流域下墊面空間變異性，基於數字高程模型構建了數字流域，並在此基礎上對描述流域水文物理過程的數字方法進行了探討.文章認為，數字水文模型是一種有物理基礎的包含大容量信息的現代模擬技術.史灌河流域實例研究表明，數字水文模型可以十分方便地輸出水文要素和狀態變量的空間分佈與時間序列，這對充分利用現有觀測信息進行水文信息的深層挖掘創造了條件 -
2. the results showed that the contents of cach - extractable soil p, and soil test phosphorus ( olsen, bray, mehlich - 3 ) and algae - available p contents ( naoh - extractable soil p ) in the soils correlated significantly with the contents of ortho - p, particulate p and bioavailable p in runoff, respectively, which were feasible to be used as primary indices to evaluate of agriculture p impacting on surface water quality. the results also showed that the relationships between the phosphorus sorption of soil index ( psi ), and the degree of soil saturation with phosphorus ( dpss ) and the contents of ortho - p, particulate p and bioavailable p in runoff reached significant level, respectively
黃壤旱地土壤易解吸磷（ cacl _ 2 - p ） 、土壤有效磷（ olsen - p 、 bray - p 、 mehlich - 3 - p ）或藻類可以利用的土壤磷（ naoh - p ）與地表徑流中顆粒態磷、生物有效性磷和磷酸根態磷之間均存在顯著的相關性，在一定的程度上可用cacl _ 2 - p 、 olsen - p作為指示黃壤旱地地表徑流中磷潛在流失的預警指標，來判斷旱地存在磷素非點源污染的可能性。 -
With the increase of vegetation coverage, the amounts of slowly available k and rapidly available k lost in the runoff obviously decrease
植被覆蓋度增大，緩效鉀、速效鉀流失量顯著減少。 -
When vegetation cover - degree is 60 %, amount of slowly available k, rapidly available k, and dissolved k lost in the runoff are less 97. 49 %, 97. 31 %, and 73. 14 %
當植被覆蓋度達到60時，緩效鉀、速效鉀和溶解態鉀流夫量分別比裸地減少了97 49 、 97 31和73 -
( 5 ) the concentration of dissolved k and amount of dissolved k, rapidly available k, and slowly available k lost in the runoff increase obviously with the increase of rain intensity
（ 5 ）雨強（沖刷強度）增大，溶解態鉀濃度，溶解態鉀、緩效鉀和速效鉀流失量明顯增加。 -
When vegetation coverage is 10 %, amount of slowly available k, rapidly available k, and dissolved k lost in the runoff are less 74. 51 %, 73. 84 %, and 4. 66 % than open ground
當植被覆蓋度達到10時，緩效鉀、速效鉀和溶解態鉀流失量分別比裸地減少了74 51 、 73 84和4石6 -
( 4 ) according to analysis of water resources characteristics of the dam system, following conclusions are obtained : amount of yearly available water resources of the dam system presents uncertainty ; water resources utilization by the dam system should focus on fully utilization of rainfall, runoff and flood ; meanwhile, water resources exploration of the dam system should reach the objective of maximum economic benefit in years ; a modeling system for water resources utilization and exploration by the dam system is established on the basis of reasonable investment and above objectives
對壩系水資源的特點進行了深入研究，得出以下結論：壩系水資源年可利用量具有較大的隨機性；開發利用壩系水資源就是充分利用降雨和徑流洪水；壩系水資源開發應以多年經濟效益總體期望值最大為目標。同時引入了最佳水資源投入量的概念，並建立了壩系水資源開發利用模型。 -
Experiments of artificial rainfall showed that sediment is the main body of total nutrient loss and runoff is the main body of available nutrient loss when erosion is slight, but sediment become the main body of total and available nutrient synchronously while erosion is intense. concentration of nutrient in runoff is most likely to be affected by concentration in topsoil. the higher concentration in topsoil is, the more possible nutrient loss by runoff is
人工降雨實驗結果表明，在降雨強度和侵蝕強度不大時，侵蝕泥沙是全量養分流失的主體，地表徑流則是速效養分流失的主體；而當在降雨強度和侵蝕強度極為劇烈時，侵蝕泥沙成為全量養分和速效養分二者流失的主要載體；地表徑流中的養分含量很大程度上受土壤中養分含量的影響，土壤中養分含量越高，養分徑流流失的可能性越大。 -
According to the concept of available water supply, the calculation methods about available water supply of the large scale reservoir are studied and the concrete procedures of the long - series regulation method are proposed. through the calculation of the monthly natural runoff every year, water incomes under present engineering status, and the long - series dynamic water usage regulation of the 32 large scale reservoirs in shandong province, available water supply under assurance rates of 50 %, 75 % and 95 % are obtained. according to the analysis of runoff characteristics of each reservoir ( multi - year mean runoff depth and runoff coefficient ), the relationship between water supply incomes under different assurance rates for current year and the year of 2010, the reservoirs with water supply potence are given
根據對可供水量概念的理解，本文對大型水庫可供水量的計算方法進行了探討，提出了採用長系列調節計算的具體方法；通過對山東省32座大型水庫的歷年逐月天然徑流量、現狀工程情況下來水量、長系列變動用水的調節計算等多個步驟，得出了各水庫50 、 75 、 95三種保證率的可供水量計算成果，並對每個水庫的徑流特性（多年平均徑流深及徑流系數） 、全省大型水庫現狀年及2010年的不同保證率的可供水量與來水量的關系進行了分析與研究；分析提出了具有供水潛力的水庫。 -
( 3 ) the amounts of total k, slowly available k, rapidly available k, and dissolved k lost in the runoff increase obviously with the increase of slope gradient. the relationships between slope gradient and amount of total k, slowly available k, rapidly available k, and dissolved k loss can be expressed by exponential functions
（ 3 ）全鉀、緩效鉀、速效鉀和溶解態鉀流失量隨坡度增大而增加的規律十分明顯，且全鉀、緩效鉀、速效鉀和溶解態鉀的流失量與坡度呈顯著的指數函數關系。
分享友人