bankruptcy status 中文意思是什麼
bankruptcy status
解釋
破產狀態- bankruptcy : n. 1. 破產，倒閉，倒賬，無償付能力。2. （勇氣，智力等的）完全喪失 （of; in）. go into bankruptcy破產。
- status : n. 1. 情形，狀況，狀態。2. 地位；資格；【法律】身份。3. 重要地位，要人身份。4. （器材的）本性。
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It expounds the origin of bankruptcy administrator system, gives a general introduction to specific bankruptcy administrator system of such countries like germany, japan, us and uk, etc, and makes summaries and comments on the history and status quo of our bankruptcy administrator system, thus it provides a solid theoretical foundation for the following discussion. in the second section, the author discusses the nature and status of bankruptcy administrator. on the basis of introduction, comparison and evaluation of various theories of legal systems of civil law and common law, this paper comes up with the view point that it is appropriate for china to establish the bankruptcy administrator system with the trustee system as its core, it redefines the bankruptcy administrator and provides theoretical base point for the perfection of the bankruptcy administrator system in china
本文的第一部分從考察破產管理人制度的歷史沿革入手，在闡釋了破產管理人制度的起源之後對德、日、美、英等國各具特色的破產管理人制度進行了總體的介紹，並對我國破產管理人制度的歷史和現狀進行了綜述和評介，為展開後文的論述提供了深厚的理論背景；文章的第二部分就破產管理人的性質和地位問題展開討論，在介紹、比較和評價大陸法系與英美法系關于該問題的各種學說基礎上，提出了我國宜以信託制度為核心，確立破產管理人制度的觀點，對破產管理人進行了定位，從而為後文完善我國破產管理人制度的構想提供了理論基點；最後，文章就如何完善我國破產管理人制度提出了一些構想，主要對破產管理人的選任和撤換、破產管理人的權利和義務、對破產管理人的監督機制等方面的制度建構和完善提出了一些具有現實意義的設想和建議。 -
Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。 -
On the base of expatiating on the legal responsibility in bankruptcy of financial holding company, taking variety of financial systems of economic superpowers as examples, analysing the possibility that financial holding company uses the bankrupt of their financial subsidiary companies to evade its own legal responsibility, advising to introduce the theories of " uncover the corporative veil ", emphasizing the status of parent company as shareholder, meanwhile defining its type and scope of legal responsibility when its financial subsidiary company goes to bankrupt, this text provides in principle of law the foundation of solution for financial holding company so that it can ' t take on unlimited liability
摘要在闡述金融控股公司破產法律責任的基礎上，以世界金融大國的多種金融制度為例，對金融控股公司可能利用、操控其子公司的破產來規避法律責任的現狀進行分析，提出在此領域引入「刺破法人面紗」理論，通過對母公司股東身份的強調，明確金融控股公司在其金融子公司破產前後法律責任的種類以及責任范圍的大小，為金融控股公司作為股份有限公司不能擔負無限責任難題的解決提供了法理上的依託。 -
At last, the writer points out that the main form of the civil liabilities is property accountability. in the second part, the bankruptcy trustee ' s legal status and internal duty are dealt with. a bankruptcy trustee should not only handle the affairs of bankruptcy case but also act as a trustee
所謂內部責任是指在破產法律關系中，破產管理人向破產法律關系的主體（主要是破產債權人）承擔的民事責任，有因違反事務性職責而承擔民事責任和因違反受信人義務而承擔的民事責任兩種情況，在本部分和第二部分分別作了論述。 -
Studies on legal status of the bankruptcy enterprises managers
破產管理人法律地位探微 -
The application of securitization enhances the status of pledgee under the security system, protects the security interests of investors from being influenced, undermined or jeopardized by a possible bankruptcy procedure, and provides for economic actors and capital market the efficiency which cannot be achieved by the then system
資產證券化的意義主要體現為它加強了擔保制度下擔保權人的地位，使得投資者利益的實現免受破產程序的影響和減損，為經濟主體和資本市場提供了當時制度下所不具有的效率。
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