common equity 中文意思是什麼

common equity 解釋
普通股本
  • common : adj 1 共通的，共同的，共有的。2 公眾的；公共的。3 普通的，通常的，尋常的，平常的。4 平凡的，通俗...
  • equity : n 1 公平，公正。2 【法律】衡平法〈指補充成文法或普通法的公平原則，必要時以糾正用法不公〉；衡平法...
  1. It takes agency theory as its premise, human resource property right as its core, and modern distribution theory and risk theory as its foundation. its basic idea is to give high - level managers headed by chief executive officer the right to purchase common stocks of the company at a certain price and time in the future. through this equity system, it ' s expected to inspirit organizations " management in the long run, avoid operators " short - term behavior, and thus reduce agency cost, improve organizations " management structure, and promote the stability of management, so that both constituents ( stake holders ) and vicegerents " ( operators ) targets of gaining profit will be realized finally

    其本質是對經營者的一種薪酬安排；它以代理理論為前提，以人力資本產權理論為核心，以現代分配理論和風險理論為基礎；其基本內容是給予公司內以首席執行官為首的高級管理人員在未來某特定的時間按某一固定價格購買本公司普通股的權力；通過這種機制希望對公司管理層起到長期激勵的作用，避免經營者的短期行為，從而減少代理成本，改善企業的治理結構，促進穩健經營，最終實現委託者（股東）和受託者（經營者）雙贏的目的；它是把期權理論應用於現代激勵機制的一種制度創新，比較符合市場經濟條件下企業經營者的價值取向和企業發展的戰略要求。
  2. The common equity structure is a foundation of the corporate governance, whether its installing condition is reasonable has a decisiveness effect for the efficiency of the corporate governance

    股權結構是公司治理結構的基礎，其設置狀況是否合理對公司治理結構的效率有著決定性的影響。
  3. The result shows that the proportion of state - owned shares has positive effect on the operating performance, the scale of enterprises has negative effect on the operating performance, rate of return on common stockholders ' equity and earnings per share are highly positively related to senior managers ' pay, senior managers ' annual pay is not significantly positively related to the operating performance and scale of enterprises, and its relationship to the proportion of state - owned shares is not clearly negative

    結果表明：國有股比例與經營業績呈現正方向影響，企業規模與經營業績呈現負方向影響，凈資產收益率和每股收益均與高管報酬呈現高度正相關，高管年度報酬與企業經營業績、企業規模並不存在顯著的正相關關系，與國有股比例的負相關程度也不顯著。
  4. Their studies are concerned with both the theories and practices of education equality, but there is a common shortcoming, that is, they pose the solutions of education uneqality within the schooling field. they are also confined to adopt educational equity or efficiency. so they can " t offer practical and effective solutions to deal with the conditions of educational unequality in china

    他們的研究，涉及教育機會均等理論和實踐的方方面面，但有一個共同的不足之處，即大都囿於全日制正規學校教育領域，糾纏于教育公平與效率的取捨，因而不能對中國教育機會不均等的現狀提出切實有效的改革方案。
  5. Based on the analysis of types and sources of risks that confront commercial banks, the paper first determines the methodology for its research, i. e. mathematical statistics for quantity factors and the fuzzy discriminating analysis for the quality factors. combining the evaluation approaches of the banks in germany and china, the paper gets 13 common indices, and with mathematical statistical method, chooses 4 factors that will influence customer credits : equity capital / total asset, velocity of stock in trade, velocity of total assets and payoff rate of total sale. the four factors with liquidity factor reflect the customer ' s financial characteristics, such as capital structure, operation, earnings and liquidity

    在理論分析的基礎上，結合德國和中國有關銀行的客戶資信評價方法，在得到影響客戶信用13個常用指標的基礎上，利用數理統計分析方法（ t檢驗、多元判別分析和逐步判別分析等）得出影響客戶信用的四個因素：自有資本率、存貨周轉率、總資產周轉率和銷售盈利率，他們反映了企業資本結構、經營狀況和盈利水平，加入企業的流動性以後，它們決定了客戶的財務特徵。
  6. Equity is a correction of common legal rules in their defective parts

    衡平法是對普通法律規則中瑕疵部分的矯正
  7. ( 2 ) reviewing the investment tools in common use by venture capital fund, we analyses the reason to use equity investment tools. after we analyses ventures financial structure by information economics theory, we model an simple bargaining model. in this model we discuss the venture capital incentive mechanism under condition of uncertainty

    運用信息經濟學理論對創業企業的資本結構進行了剖析，構建了一個基於創業投資家（公司）與創業企業家的簡單交易模型，討論了關于創業資本產出不確定狀況下的補償機制。
  8. The securities shall include, without limitation, any common stock and other equity securities, bonds, debentures and other debt securities, notes, mortgages or other obligations, and any instruments representing rights to receive, purchase or subscribe for the same, or representing any other rights or interests therein ( whether represented by a certificate or held in a depository or a sub - custodian )

    應包括，但不限於任何普通股票及其它普通證券、公債、債券及其它的債務證券、票據、抵押或其它的義務，以及其它代表接受、購買或認購上述各項，或代表任何其它對以上各項所擁有的權利或利益的憑證（無論是表示為一張證明或存放于托放機構或分託管人處） 。
  9. Britain ' s legal system is composed of four elements : acts of parliament, common law, equity law, and european community legislation

    英國的法律系統由四個元素組成：議會的作用，普通法律，平衡法，以及歐洲社會法律。
  10. The development of mortgage in common law systems experienced the mortgage forming in common law and the mortgage establishment in equity. but the mortgage is similar to hypothecation of security in civil law systems to a certain extant after system of the register and announcement and clearing principle were leaded in

    英美法按揭的發展經歷了普通法按揭擔保的形成以及衡平法按揭擔保的確立，而登記公示制度和清算原則的導入，使其在一定程度上和大陸法中的抵押擔保制度較為相似。
  11. Because most of the listed chinese companies are formed by the state - owned enterprises, there is a lot unreasonableness in the common equity structure. from this it led to some defects in the corporate governance unavoidable

    本文通過對中國上市公司股權結構與治理結構的現狀進行分析，得出股權治理方面存在四大缺陷，然後進一步詳細剖析股權結構對治理結構的影響機理，並以實證分析加以驗證。
  12. Institutional economics is its basic theoretical clue. the institutional approach includes : transaction cost is a basic view for housing finance institutions and a certain institution follows the principle of minimum transaction cost ; financial deepenness and financial function theories are important ways to understand housing finance institution ; a systematic institutional structure of housing finance comes from the interaction of social economy, culture and politics, and institutional bundling and embeddedness are common forms ; financial structure theory is a forceful quantitative way to analyses housing finance institutions ; minimization of transaction cost is the basic motivation for institutional transformation, and the basic ways are forced transformation and induced transformation ; equity and efficiency are basic criteria for evaluating housing finance institutions, which may implement through certain institutions while government acts as leverage between equity and efficiency. ( 2 ) multiformality and transformation of housing finance

    制度經濟學是基本的理論線索，制度分析範式包括如下方面：交易成本是考察住房金融制度的基本視角，特定的住房制度安排遵循約束條件交易成本最小化原則；金融深化和金融功能理論是理解特定住房金融制度安排的重要輔助方法；整體性住房金融制度結構的形成是包括社會經濟、文化、政治等各類制度在內互相影響、平衡的產物，制度捆綁和制度嵌入是常見的形式；金融結構方法是用制度分析方法解釋住房金融制度的有力的定量分析工具；住房金融制度變遷的基本動因是交易成本最小化（外部收益內部化） ，變遷的基本方式是強制性變遷和誘致性變遷；公平和效率是住房金融制度評價的基本標準，公平和效率通過一定的制度安排可以同時實現，政府在住房金融制度中起著平衡公平和效率的杠桿作用。
  13. Equity offerings raising funds by offering ownership in a corporation through the issuing of shares of a corporation ' s common or preferred stock

    股權發放公司通過發行普通股或優先股使投資者獲得股權來籌集資金。
  14. These suggestions are that countries - developed ones in particular - should invest more in scientific research to reduce the size and level of uncertainty in policy - making ; the current climate change regime should learn from other climate regimes to make up for its own deficiencies ; moderate reduction targets should be imposed at the preliminary stage of climate change regime to seduce more decisive countries into cooperation ; an adequate post - 2012 climate change regime needs to be designed to encourage developing countries to participate in the reduction on the basis of equity and " common but differentiated responsibilities " principle

    這些建議包括，各國（尤其是發達國家）應增加對氣候科學研究的投入，減少決策者制定政策時的不確定性：借鑒其他氣候制度的優點，彌補現行氣候制度中的某些缺陷；在氣候制度建立初期應避免過重的排放減排義務，以將對氣候合作成敗起決定性作用的國家納入合作之中；設計一種2012年後的適當合理的氣候變化制度，激勵發展中國家逐步參與溫室氣體減排，同時又要兼顧公平和「共同但有區別的義務」的原則。
  15. Therefore when designing the corporate governance, we should set up a reasonable common equity structure

    因而，在設計公司治理結構時，應當首先設置一個合理的股權結構。
  16. Based on them, we put forward the purport of this paper that building the pattern of the multiple - bodies common equity structure and the corporation - stockholder - leading corporate governance

    四、股權結構對治理結構的影響機理（第四、五章） 。本部分主要包括以下內容： 1 、股東與公司治理。
  17. The pattern of the common equity will contribute to eliminate the abuse in the existing common equity structure. to adapt to the pattern of the multiple - bodies common equity structure, we should set up the pattern of the corporation - stockholder - leading corporate governance

    所以，既有一定的股權集中度，又有若干大股東存在的股權適度集中類型是一種較為合理的股權結構，其有望使各股東達到一種適度參與的境界，形成有效的相互制衡機制。
  18. The paper begin with the property right and the organization system of the listed companies, the common equity structure and the corporate governance are analyzed, and we reach a conclusion that there are four big defects in the corporate governance, after that we also analyze that the common equity how to act on the corporate governance, finally they are verified by the substantial evidence

    這部分共有三節，第一節描述了我國上市公司股權結構的現狀，並歸納出其特徵。第二節從公司治理結構的四個方面入手，分析股東及股東大會、董事會、經理層和監事會的治理行為，指出他們各自存在的不足及原因，還特別提出外部治理機制存在的弊端。
  19. There are : ( 1 ) introduction ; ( 2 ) analyze on the common equity structure and the corporate governance commonly ; ( 3 ) describe the general situation of the listed chinese companies ; ( 4 ) analyze on the common equity structure how to act on the corporate governance ; ( 5 ) design and build the ideal pattern of the common equity structure and the corporate governance

    該部分還分析了股權結構與具體治理方式的關系，即股權結構差異影響經營激勵、代理權競爭和監督機制等作用的發揮，並且得出股權適度集中類型對公司治理方式作用的發揮總體較為有利，因而該類股權結構可使公司的績效趨于最大化。 4 、股權結構與治理結構的實證分析。
  20. There is a very long history development period from establishing common law pleading and defense procedure and equity law pleading and defense procedure to establishing modern pleading and defense procedure

    從普通法訴答、衡平法訴答到現代訴答程序的建立，其間經歷了漫長的歷史發展階段。
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