comprehensive risk 中文意思是什麼

However, information from a comprehensive risk management process, including the identification of management and board concerns, can assist the internal auditor in planning audit activities

但是，來自綜合性風險管理過程的信息（包括對管理層和董事會所關心問題的確認）有助於內部審計師計劃審計工作。

China commercial bank ' s comprehensive risk management under new basel agreement

新巴塞爾協議下我國商業銀行全面風險管理

Included in this series are 5 titles that provide a comprehensive introduction of all aspects involved in the rapid - growing e - business, such as e - marketing, e - customers, safety and risk management, etc

本叢書著重討論電子商務涉及的各個領域，如安全性與風險管理機遇與挑戰營銷原理客戶關系管理等。

In appraisal items choosing, we divide the items into three categories : profits, risk adjustment, and fluidness. detailed appraisal items are also set up to mirror the funds achievement comprehensively. in appraisal method choosing, we adopt universality analysis and the common used data envelopment analysis ( dea ) together, i. e., analyze the score of the numbered items first, then use dea and the analyzing software ems to calculate the funds " relative validity and get a rank of fund comprehensive achievement, trying to reflect the funds items and performance objectively

在基金的評價指標選擇方面：將基金的評價指標主要分為三大類：收益類、風險調整類和流動性類，並設定了細分評價指標，力求全面地反映基金的業績水平；在評價方法選擇方面：採用了一般性分析和基金評價中目前較為流行的數據包絡分析（ dea ）相結合的方法，即通過對指標的量化評分進行比較分析，通過數據包絡分析法，利用ems分析軟體計算基金的相對有效性，從而進行綜合業績排名，力求客觀地評價基金的各項指標和綜合績效。

Then, by means of system analysis, the paper discusses the elements of a construction project. it is from construction project risk ' s source, main body, effect for purpose, the reason, generant modality, and so on. the comprehensive risk management is divided into risk analysis and risk management in this paper

對工程項目風險因素從工程項目風險的來源、工程項目風險的直接行為主體、工程項目風險對目標的影響、按管理的過程和要素、風險發生的原因、工程項目風險發生的形態、工程項目風險性質的不同角度對工程項目風險進行分析。

So the thesis, referring to the theories related to measuring credit risk abroad, combining them with the fact of switching process in china, has formed risk survey system model, which properly solves credit risk survey problem lying in off - trade assets under the demestic circumstances. that model is working in a sense and foresighting to a degree. we analyze risks in order to control them better. according to the reality of china and the need of development, the thesis recognizes that we must carry out comprehensive risk management, besides it lists the fundamental framework and indispensable elements of comprehensive risk management

作為商業銀行的風險的研究必須堅持定量和定性相結合，本文認為我國現階段商業銀行的風險主要是體制、政策造成的，是由各種政策性因素引起進而表現為巨大的信用風險，因而本文借鑒了國外有關測量信用風險的理論，結合中國的實際，形成了風險度量制模型，較好的解決了國內條件下非交易資產的信用風險度量問題，既具有一定的實用性，又具有較強的前瞻性。

Flood - control comprehensive risk study for dikes

防洪堤防洪綜合風險研究

From the point of view of risk, a index system of risk assessment of winter wheat losses caused by drought was established, including the meanings, token models and estimate methods of risk index of natural water deficiency rate, risk index of yield reduction rate and trending vector coefficient of disaster resistance capability, then on the base of these indices, the comprehensive risk index model of losses caused by drought was established and regionalized. the results indicated : the high risk region included the middle north of shanxi, some of middle of shaanxi and some of hebei in east ; the higher risk region included some of middle of shaanxi, the tangshan region and some of west of hebei ; the moderate risk region included the middle of s

從風險的角度，建立了冬小麥乾旱災損風險評估的指標體系，包括自然水分虧缺率風險指數、減產率風險指數和抗災性能趨勢向量系數的意義、表徵模式和估算技術方法，在此基礎上構建了災損綜合風險模型，並對模型參數區域化，結果表明：冬小麥乾旱災損高風險區在陜西中北部、山西中部的部分地區和河北滄州的部分地區；較高風險區在山西中部的部分地區、河北的唐山地區和西部的部分地區；中風險區在陜西中部、山西南部、河北滄州的大部分地區；低風險區在陜西中南部、河南中北部、北京市、天津市、河北中南部和山東省。

Only doing this, commercial banks can set up an effective risk prevention and internal - controlling system of interest rate in order to prevent banks from interest rate risk, and lay a solid foundation for comprehensive risk management

最終建立一個有效的利率風險防範和內控體系，從而更好地防範和控制利率風險，並為商業銀行最後過渡到全面風險管理奠定良好的基礎。

Compliance management is a key part of comprehensive risk management in insurance companies, and also a basic work for conducting effective internal controls

合規管理是保險公司全面風險管理的一項核心內容，也是實施有效內部控制的一項基礎性工作。

J. p. morgan put forward the var model instead of the techniques above mentioned. the var model is easy to understand, and could measure comprehensive risk of finance institution or portfolio

摩根公司針對以往市場風險衡量技術的不足而提出了var模型，這種模型便於掌握和理解，又能反映金融機構或投資組合所承擔的風險。

Decision - making model of loan portfolio optimization based on comprehensive risk restriction

基於綜合風險約束的貸款組合優化決策模型

Chapter 6 : the idea of comprehensive risk management was presented combined with fruits and experiences about risk measurement and management in western developed countries and deep exploration into models, techniques and methods of risk measurement and management

第6章借鑒西方發達國家風險度量的管理的成果和經驗，結合中國的國情，提出了實施綜合風險管理的思想，並對風險度量和管理的模型、技術和方法在我國的應用進行深入的探索。

Secondly, it discusses the core issues on contingent claims of the risk - return and managerial procedures of risk identifying, measuring, controlling and decision - making. thirdly, it introduces the theories of portfolio management, asset pricing, arbitrage pricing, options pricing, hedge, comprehensive risk management. next, it expatiates the current risk management method which are extensively used in the real world, especially, the applying of var model in our country. finally, on the basis of above, the paper sets forth presentiment and administrative system

第三章首先分析了投資銀行風險管理的內涵、風險管理的目標，闡述了風險管理的軸心-風險和收益的相機抉擇和風險的識別、衡量、控制和決策的管理程序。詳細介紹了資產組合管理理論、資本資產定價理論、套利定價理論、期權定價理論、套期保值理論和綜合風險管理理論等風險管理理論工具。對目前在國內外應用成熟的風險管理方法也作了闡述，特別對var模型在我國的應用進行了探討。

Enterprise information technology challenges of comprehensive risk management

關于資產風險度賦值中一些概念問題的探討

Then, this paper empirically tested the validation and predictive accuracy of different var risk management model in the domestic financial market. finally, with the analysis of modem financial risk management development trend and the current domestic financial risk management situation, this paper made a prospect for the application of this model in the construction of domestic financial risk management system. through the analysis, the main conclusions are as follows : ( l ) the traditional mean - variance model is the special example of the portfolio selection based on the var risk management model for the case that the returns of the portfolio are assumed to be normally distributed ; compared with the mean - variance model, the var risk management model is more comprehensive and accurate in the measurement of the portfolio risk, so based on the var model, the investors can allocate the asset more effectively. ( 2 ) the var risk management model can provide the timely and comprehensive risk information for the top risk manager, so it is very helpful to the improvement of total risk management efficiency. ( 3 ) based on the var model, the raroc performance valuation approach can reflect the real performance of the portfolio manager and provide the coherent standard for the allocation of risk limitation and the construction of the incentive compatibility constraint mechanism in the financial instiutions

通過研究分析，本文主要得出如下結論： （ 1 ）傳統的markowitz均值? ?方差模型僅僅是在資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於var風險管理模型進行資產組合選擇的特例，與均值? ?方差模型中的方差風險度量方法相比， var風險管理模型能夠更全面、更貼切地衡量資產組合的風險，且基於此模型能夠更有效地進行資產配置決策； （ 2 ） var風險管理模型能夠滿足更高層次風險管理者對風險信息的需求，有助於整體風險管理效率的提高； （ 3 ）基於var風險管理模型的raroc績效評價能夠反映資產組合管理人的真實業績，從而為金融機構風險限額的分配和激勵約束機制的制定提供統一的標準； （ 4 ）國內證券市場資產組合收益率服從正態分佈的假設明顯不成立，實證檢驗表明基於資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下的方差? ?協方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測存在較大的偏差，由於文中證明在收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於方差? ?協方差模型進行資產組合選擇的結果等價于markowitz的均值? ?方差模型，因此，均值? ?方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測同樣會存在著較大的偏差，而半參數var風險管理模型則能夠取得較好的預測衡量效果； （ 5 ） var風險管理模型符合未來金融風險管理的發展趨勢，基於var風險管理模型建立內容提要風險限額內控體系、風險信息披露體系和業績評價體系，並進行金融監管，將有助於國內金融機構內部風險管理方法和外部監管技術跟上國際金融風險管理的發展潮流。

In view of the large - scale it project high risk characteristic, this article has carried on the comparative analysis to the large - scale it project risk assessment technology, proposed risk assessment method based on the theory of gray relational degree, and aimed at some automobile enterprise the erp project implementation to carry on the more comprehensive risk recognition and the risk assessment analysis, proposed the corresponding risk control and the guard measure to a risk degree higher factor

針對大型it項目的高風險的特點，本文對大型it項目的風險評價技術進行了比較分析，提出了基於灰色關聯度的項目風險評價方法，並針對某汽車企業的erp項目實施進行了較為全面的風險識別和風險評價分析，對于風險程度較高的因素提出了相應的風險控制和防範措施。

The new basel capital accord ( basel ) further strengthen how important the capital adequacy supervision is, the new basel establish the comprehensive risk management and the quantity risk measurement. the new “ the commercial bank capital adequacy management ” in our country testify the thoughts of catching up with the international capital supervision

巴塞爾新資本協議的出臺進一步強化了資本充足監管在全球金融市場的核心地位，新協議確立了全面整體的風險觀，風險計量從定性分析發展到了全面的定量分析。

We need to bereave of and adjust the risk assets, deal with bad assets, bring down the risk assets ratio, and increase the risk mitigating factors. what more important is to build a road adaptable to improve the capital adequacy ratio, according to the development of the risk management of the international banks and the need of basel, we should establish comprehensive risk management and improve risk measure technology. economic capital management has been theoretically and empirically testified for its critical role in managing risk in banking system

一方面既要積極以各種手段剝離與調整風險資產，加大處理不良資產，降低風險資產權重，增加風險釋緩作用;另一方面更重要的在未來發展中制定適合我國銀行提高資本充足率的路徑，根據國際銀行業風險管理的發展趨勢以及《新資本協議》的要求，盡快建立一套既能與國際銀行業接軌又適合我國銀行業的全面風險管理體系，努力提高風險識別和量化管理的水平;實施經濟資本預算管理，在各級行建立資本有償使用機制，強化資本對資產業務和風險資產擴張的硬約束，促使各級行大力拓展低風險、高收益的資產業務和中間業務，不斷提高自身資本積累能力。

Although the full - scale implementation is confronted with plenty of difficulties, in order to adapt international competitions, our native banking industry must implement comprehensive risk management as soon as possible according to the new requirement

然而，要全面實施新資本協議，對我國銀行業來說還面臨著諸多障礙，但是，為了適應國際競爭的要求，我國銀行業必須按照新的要求，盡快實施全面風險管理。