crystal axis 中文意思是什麼
crystal axis
解釋
結晶軸-
The hit spot of elliptic shape appeared on crystal plane paralleling to c axis, and one half was brighter than the other half under sem. the brighter part was the negative pole, and the darker one was the positive pole
自發極化大的電氣石在平行於c軸的晶面上出現「啞鈴形」或長的「橢圓形」明暗對比的打擊斑，在垂直於c軸的端面上則出現無明暗對比的斑點。 -
When we applied electric field, the the oritation of liquid crystal molecule axis reset. it induced the roate of optic axis. at last, the birefringence will change. this is the voltage - dependent birefringence of liquid
例如當對液晶施加電場時，液晶分子軸的排列會變化，從而引起液晶光軸的轉動，最終導致了液晶雙折射率的變化，這就是我們所說的液晶電控雙折射特性。 -
When liquid crystal ( lc ) is in smectic - a ( sa ) phase, its molecules disperse in layers ( sandwich ) and the molecular long axis tropism is in some order and the director is perpendicular to the layers
液晶近晶a相，分子質心按層狀分佈（有層狀結構） ，分子長軸取向有序，指向矢垂直於層面。用三個序參量， ，描述。 -
Not only general suitability of this method is independent of gratings model, geometry structure, medium properly and crystal axis orientation ( including uniaxial crystals and biaxial ones ), but also physical concepts are clear and formula is concise
該方法不僅不受光柵模型、幾何結構、介質性質和晶體取向（包括單軸和雙軸晶體）的影響而具有普遍適用性，而且其物理概念清晰、公式簡潔。 -
The most achievement is that we firstly obtain the analytic accurate solution of the modal fields of the waveguide structure and find some available character : ( 1 ) the different uniaxial crystal materials have the different propagation properties ; ( 2 ) when the optical axis of the crystal is on the plane that is made up of the normal direction of the waveguide plane and the propagation, there are te mode and tm mode in this special waveguide, but the principal mode is different of the character of the uniaxial crystal, the principal mode is the principal mode of te mode for the negative uniaxial crystal, but the one of tm mode for the positive uniaxial crystal ; ( 3 ) when the crystal optical - axis parallel to the waveguide plane, for the positive uniaxial crystal material, the principal mode of the waveguide is a te wave, which can be excited by the light at any frequency ; when the light frequency satisfies a single mode propagation condition, there will be only the principal mode propagating in the waveguide, otherwise some of the higher order modes can be excited, which are neither te modes, nor tm modes, but the hybrid guided modes
本文就是在此背景下，利用金屬波導和單軸晶體的一些特性，結合麥克斯韋方程組和波導的邊界條件，從三種不同的情況研究了光在對稱平面單軸晶體金屬波導（波導層是單軸晶體，兩個波導界面均為金屬）內的傳輸特性，其主要貢獻為，首次解析地得到了這種波導結構下模式場的精確解，並發現了一些有用的特性： （ 1 ）模式場的性質因單軸晶體的性質不同而異； （ 2 ）當單軸晶體光軸位於波導界面法方向與傳輸方向構成的平面內時，波導中傳輸te波和tm波，只不過其主模因單軸晶體的性質不同而異，當波導層介質為負單軸晶體時，波導主模是te波主模，而波導層介質為正單軸晶體時波導主模是tm波主模。 （ 3 ）當單軸晶體光軸位於波導面內時，對于正單軸晶體，波導的主模是橫電波te _ 0模，任何頻率的光波均可激勵該模式；當光波波長滿足一定條件時，波導內傳輸單模，否則，將激勵起高階模式，高階模即匪te波，也匪tm波，而是兩者耦合而成的混合模。 -
This paper derived the transfer matrix of the bilayer structure composed of left - handed and right - handed materials, and computed the density of states ( dos ) along the axis of the finite one - dimensional photonic crystal, which was constructed out of n such bilayer structures periodically
摘要推導出了由左右手材料構成的雙層結構的轉移矩陣，計算了由n個該雙層結構周期性排列所形成的一維有限長度光子晶體沿其軸線方向的態密度。 -
Nanotubes have a narrow size distribution which dismeter is about 30nm with several analysis methods such as hrtem, eels, xrd, saed and so on the nanotubes " structure was characterized which can be regards as k ^ nbeon structure. according to the saed pattern, the axis of nanotubes can be determined which is along the crystal direction [ 100 ]
鈮酸鉀是一種的具有光催化功能的材料，光催化的效果與催化劑的比表面積有很大關系，納米管的一個顯著特點就是與粒狀結構的材料相比，它具有大的比表面積，從理論上講它應該比鈮酸鉀顆粒具有更好的催化效果。 -
We have found the best ways to optimize the growth of quality zno films and got highly c - axis oriented zno films. the microstructures of the films were observed by afm. after analyzing the crystal structures, the crystal tropism and the surface conformation flatness, we found the result that the substrate temperature of 400 ? is ideal for silicon substrates, which conforms to the result of the structure analyse. by analyzing the magnetism of zno films, we found that the films appropriately doped with fe, co ions have magnetism at room temperature and their magnetism can be improved by doping other little cu ion, but it is not certain that the content of cu is higher, the film has more magnetism, so it has the best content of cu. moreover, the films which have best crystal structures may not have the best magnetism
我們採用原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）方法觀察薄膜的顯微結構，利用所得的圖象信息對薄膜的晶粒結構、晶粒取向、表面形態平整度等進行分析討論，認為400的襯底溫度對硅襯底薄膜是合適的，與結構分析的結果一致。通過對薄膜磁性能的分析和研究，我們得出一些有意義的結果：適量過渡金屬離子fe 、 co摻雜的zno薄膜，在室溫下具有鐵磁性，而在此基礎上摻入少量的cu離子能改善薄膜的磁性。摻cu量有個最佳值，而且結構最好的薄膜磁性不一定最好。 -
When the substrate temperature is changed from room temperature to 550 and the gas pressure is varied from 0. 1pa to 30pa, the structures of zno thin films are c - axis oriented multi - crystalline. the landscape orientation growing speed of crystal grains is controlled mainly by depositing speed of zn and o atoms, while c - axis developing speed is chiefly dominated by depositing speed and activity of zn and o atoms
Sb _ 2o _ 3摻雜zno薄膜中sb以替位原子及化合物（ sb _ 2o _ 3和zn7sb2o12 ）等形式存在， zno呈混晶方式生長;摻雜薄膜在遠紫外波段的吸收顯著增強，吸收邊變得陡峭且向短波方向移動達5nm ，在可見光波段的吸收有所增強。 -
From xrd spectrum we can only find two diffusion peaks zno ( 002 ) and zno ( 004 ), showing that its crystal grain have high orientation along c axis
研究表明在linbo3上生長zno薄膜具有很強的c軸擇優取向， xrd衍射圖中只能觀察到zno的（ 002 ）和（ 004 ）衍射鋒。 -
We presents a detailed studied of the linewidth of parametric light in clbo - opo caused by the linewidth of pumping beam, off axis phase matching, divergence angle of pumping, time above threshold, high gain coefficient of nlo crystal, fluctuate of cavitylength, spontaneous radiation, according to the momentum and energy conversion laws, and the sellmeier equations of the clbo, we calculated curves of the type - i and type - ii compared with the bbo ' s
根據能量動量守恆關系和clbo的色散方程，詳細分析了由於泵浦光的線寬、泵浦光偏軸泵浦、泵浦光的發散角、泵浦光功率超過參量光振蕩閾值一定倍數、高增益系數、有效腔長波動以及自發輻射引起的參量光線寬，並得到了與bbo晶體在類、類相位匹配下比較的理論曲線。 -
Prepared technical parameters were optimized by l9 ( 34 ) experiment analysis. a unique method for cleaning and drying of substrate - cleaning used by scour, drying used by infrared light was fished out by large numbers of experiment. chemical mechnism of zno thin film prepared by sol - gel technique was discussed by dta for the first time. by the measurements of sem, xrd and uvs, the thin film was analysed. the result proved that the thin film with strongly preferred orientation of c - axis perpendicular to the substrate surface which surface was homogenous, dense and crackfree was the crystalline phase of hexagonal wurtzite. the thin film was composed of plentiful asteroidal crystal which crystal dimension approximately 10 30nm. the average transmittance of thin film in visible region was above 90 %. the results of measurements else also proved that the thickness of single dip - coating was 75 240nm, this films resistivity was found to be 3. 105 102 3. 96 105 ? cm. the thickness and resistivity of thin film influenced by dope - content, withdrawal speed, pre - heat - treatment, anealing were reseached respectively
利用xrd 、 sem以及uvs光譜儀等分析方法對薄膜進行了研究，結果顯示，所制備的薄膜為六方纖鋅礦型結構，具有高c軸擇優取向性；表面均勻、緻密，薄膜材料由許多星狀晶粒組成，晶粒尺寸大約為10 - 30nm左右；薄膜可見光透過率平均可達90 % ；對薄膜厚度以及電學性能進行了測定后發現：單次鍍膜厚度約為75 - 240nm ， al ~ （ 3 + ）離子摻雜型氧化鋅薄膜的電阻率在3 . 015 102 - 3 . 96 103 ? cm范圍內；分別研究了摻雜濃度、提拉速度、預燒溫度、退火溫度等工藝參數對薄膜厚度和電阻率的影響。 -
However, among the numerous tactile sensors, there are no satisfactory solutions when measuring three - axis force directly. this paper brings forward a newly tactile sensing technology applying piezoelectricity of quartz crystal
基於這些分析，文中指出三軸力觸覺傳感器是觸覺傳感器發展的趨勢之一，然而在眾多的觸覺傳感器中，直接檢測三軸力方面仍然沒有令人滿意的解決方案。 -
Finally, the paper also describes method and result of experiment based on above mention. the result of experiment prove that there is a excellent linear relationship between three - axis force applying to sensor head and the change of four quartz crystal plates, which indicate that the three - axis force tactile sensing technology applying piezoelectricity of quartz crystal is scientific and feasible
本課題製作了這種傳感器，並設計了三軸力的加載裝置對傳感器進行了實驗，結果顯示力的三個分量與四片壓電石英晶體之間有良好的線性關系，驗證了壓電三軸力觸覺傳感器技術是科學的、可行的。 -
Keywords : micro - gyroscope, silicon single crystal, three - axis angular - rate sensing, natural frequency and mode shapes
關鍵詞：微型陀螺儀、矽單晶、三軸角速率感測、振動自然頻率與模態。 -
It is comprised of a sensor head ( a quadrangular pyramid tip, a base, four quartz crystal plates ) and a network analyzer and an apparatus to apply three - axis force. according to mechanics, four plates of the quadrangular pyramid tip correspondingly receive four one - dimension forces when applying a three - axis force to the sensor head. because quartz crystal has a force - frequency effect, namely, resonance frequency change of the quartz crystal is in direct proportion to one - dimension forces applying to it, four certain resonance frequency changes of the four quartz crystal plates are corresponding to a three - axis force
當傳感頭受三軸力作用時，根據力學的分析可以確定三軸力與四角錐體四個面上單向力之間的對應關系，用分別貼在四角錐體四個面上的四片壓電石英晶體作為壓敏元件，由於石英晶體的力頻效應（即石英晶體在受到應力作用時，它的諧振頻率與應力大小成正比） ，從而最終確定了四片石英晶體的諧振頻率改變量與傳感頭上所受三軸力大小和方向之間的對應關系。 -
Specifically, the disorder is modelled as a complete rotation about the crystal b axis ( or fibril axis, vertical in this figure ) coupled with a 10 degree tilt
好象是把一個弧看成一個點的旋轉。推出這個點的大小。點的位置是假設一個傾斜角。再簡化成單晶解。半年前看這文章的時候還真沒明白。 -
Zno thin film is compact and smooth, while the average size of the fine uniform grains, most of them are c - axis oriented, is about 30 - 50nm. the average oxygen content of zno thin film is over 40at %. fitful - sputtering helps to improve the orientation and compact extent crystal grains, and to decrease internal stress
Sem 、 xrd和edx檢測結果顯示zno薄膜具有很好的工藝穩定性， zno薄膜平整緻密，粒徑分佈均勻，晶粒平均尺寸為30 - 50nm ，主要沿c軸方向生長，平均氧含量超過40at % 。 -
Zinc oxide ( zno ) is a wide band gap ( 3. 4ev ) semiconductor with the hexagonal crystal structure ( wurtzite type ). zno thin films with the c - axis orientation perpendicular to the substrate show excellent piezo - electrical properties and are widely used in piezo - electrical filed. and the dense anjd uniform surface of the films is required when zno thin films are used as integrated functional films
Zno屬於六方晶系6mm點群，晶體在c軸垂直面上的電性和彈性都是對稱的，因而c軸擇優取向的多晶薄膜能夠具有單晶那樣的壓電性和光電性質，而具有平整均勻的表面形貌則是zno薄膜作為一種集成功能薄膜應用性能的保證。 -
The director arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the cell is twisted. the director at the upper - substrate surface is set parallel to the optical axis of the polarizer and the director at the lower - substrate surface is set vertical to the substrate and the optical axis of the analyzer
A - htn型液晶盒中，液晶指向矢在上基板平行於偏振片的透光軸，在下基板上垂直於液晶盒表面，並且液晶盒內所用的液晶中摻有少量的手性劑。
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