direct estimate 中文意思是什麼

direct estimate 解釋
直接估計
  • direct : adj 1 筆直的，一直線的；正面的。2 直接的。3 直截了當的，直率的，明白的。4 直系的，正統的。5 【語...
  • estimate : vt 1 估計，估算；估價；估量。2 評價，評斷。3 〈古語〉尊重。vi 估計，估價。n 1 估計;預測；〈英國〉...
  1. At the same time, the parameters of shear strength have been estimated using jrc - jcs model, the comparison study in this paper proves that the results of estimate - method and direct shear test match very well and the estimate - method have a wide foreground in application

    對比研究表明， jrc - jcs模型的估算結果和直剪試驗得到的結果相當吻合，結構面抗剪強度的經驗估算方法具有廣闊的應用前景。
  2. It adopts industry economics theories, such as, industrial organization theories industrial relation theories and industrial layout theories, after systematic analyzing our national s & t resources allocation and the basis of the construction of national research & experiment platform, it proposes constructing national research & expe riment platform both in basic and applied research fields and more, formulates the platform definition, structure and functions and so on. meanwhile, by utilizing experience of developed country s & t resource allocation, it also research the thoughts, principles, ways methods and direct output efficiency estimate in s & t activities of the platform. it aims to offer operatively realization methods and policy proposal as well as realization qualitative development and shorten the distance to the international advanced s & t level

    本文正是在這樣的背景下針對我國科技基礎條件薄弱，從而造成我國原始性科技創新能力和集成創新能力不足的現狀，利用產業經濟學中的產業組織理論、產業關聯理論、產業布局理論，深入系統分析了我國科技資源及其配置、國家研究與實驗平臺建設的現實基礎，提出了在基礎研究和應用研究的學科領域建設國家研究與實驗平臺的設想，並對平臺的內涵、結構、功能等做出界定，借鑒發達國家科技資源配置的經驗，對我國研究與實驗平臺建設的思路、原則、途徑和方法，以及平臺的科技活動直接產出效率評價等進行研究，以期對實現我國科技的跨越式發展，縮短與國際先進科技水平的差距提供可操作性的實施方案和政策性建議。
  3. This study was conducted to examine the interrelationship of 10 seed vigor traits in 12 wheat genotypes through variance, co - variance and path coefficient analysis, to determine broad - sense heritability, and to estimate genetic advance under selection. the genotypes showed significant difference for all traits, except for percentage of normal seedling. genetic correlation between conversion efficiency of seed reserve, electrical conductivity with other traits were not significant, showed that selection for any of them might be possible without hampering any other traits. however path coefficient analysis indicated that conversion efficiency of seed reserve, seed reserve utilization ratio have strong direct effect in affecting seedling weight, and that mean germination time has significantly negatively correlated in affecting gi. moderate to high estimates of broad - sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation and expected genetic advance were obtained for electrical conductivity, germination index, mean germination time, seed dry weigh, seedling dry weigh, seed reserve depletion ratio indicating the possibility for improving these traits

    本研究利用12個普通小麥品種對10個種子活力性狀的遺傳變異和相關研究，表明除正常幼苗百分率外，其餘種子活力性狀在品種間均存在顯著的差異.種子貯藏物質轉換效率、電導率兩個性狀間及與其它性狀均無顯著的遺傳相關，因此對他們的選擇不會影響到其它性狀.通徑分析表明幼苗干重主要取決于種子貯藏物質轉換效率、種子貯藏物質利用速率;發芽指數主要由平均發芽時間決定.電導率、發芽勢、幼苗干重、種子干重、發芽指數、種子貯藏物質消耗比率6個性狀表現中到高的遺傳力、遺傳變異系數和相對遺傳進展，指明通過遺傳育種手段改良這些性狀是可能的
  4. Based on the geometry between sunshine ray and real terrains, the distributed models were developed to simulate the extraterrestrial radiation and possible sunshine duration over rugged terrains respectively. according to the principles of direct and diffuse radiation on tilted surfaces, the distributed models to estimate the direct and diffuse radiation over rugged terrains were developed also. the proposed models were proved to be able to treat volumes of data and are applicable to satellite image processing platforms or geographic information system ( gis )

    起伏地形下太陽輻射分散式模型研究根據太陽光線與實際地形之間的幾何關系，建立了起伏地形下天文輻射、可照時間的分散式估算模式；依據坡地直接輻射和散射輻射機理，分別建立了起伏地形下直接輻射、散射輻射的分散式估算模式；建立的分散式模式計算結果可靠，可進行大數據量處理，適用於遙感圖像處理、地理信息系統等數據處理平臺。
  5. By one estimate, the state ' s direct income last year from mining was a paltry $ 32m

    根據一項估計，政府從采礦業獲得的直接收益只是微不足道的3200萬美元。
  6. In the course of writing this blog, between comments and direct emails, i would estimate that i have fielded over 1, 000 questions

    在寫本博克的過程中，在建議和直接的電子郵件當中，我估計我碰到了上千個問題。
  7. A rough estimate shows that more than 400 professional positions in the various works departments plus the supporting technical staff had direct involvement in the acp works and adopted acp procedures and practices

    粗略估計，各工務部門轄下400多個專業職位的人員連同其他輔助技術人員曾直接參與機場核心計劃的工程，並曾執行機場核心計劃的施工程序和規章。
  8. In direct torque control system, speed sensors are usually used to survey the speed of motor, but speed sensors have many disadvantages, such as inconvenient fixing and maintenance, inaccurate precision. at present it is an efficient and feasible method to estimate speed by using software instead of hardware

    以往在直接轉矩控制系統中採用速度傳感器檢測速度信號，由於測速裝置具有安裝不便、維修困難、測量精度差等缺點，因而採用軟體代替硬體檢測設備辨識速度，即進行無速度傳感器的設計，不失為一種有效可行的速度辨識方法。
  9. Reinforcement learning algorithms that use cerebellar model articulation controller ( cmac ) are studied to estimate the optimal value function of markov decision processes ( mdps ) with continuous states and discrete actions. the state discretization for mdps using sarsa - learning algorithms based on cmac networks and direct gradient rules is analyzed. two new coding methods for cmac neural networks are proposed so that the learning efficiency of cmac - based direct gradient learning algorithms can be improved

    在求解離散行為空間markov決策過程（ mdp ）最優策略的增強學習演算法研究方面，研究了小腦模型關節控制器（ cmac ）在mdp行為值函數逼近中的應用，分析了基於cmac的直接梯度演算法對mdp狀態空間離散化的特點，研究了兩種改進的cmac編碼結構，即：非鄰接重疊編碼和變尺度編碼，以提高直接梯度學習演算法的收斂速度和泛化性能。
  10. Aim at the dtc ' s blemish mentioned above and the direction of dtc technique development, the dissertation put great emphasis on the work as follows, with an eye to exalt dtc system function : ( 1 ) a new speed - flux observer of an induction motor is proposed to enhance the accuracy of flux observing, which is an adaptive closed - loop flux observer and different from the traditions. a new adaptive speed - observation - way is deduced out according to the popov ' s stability theories ; ( 2 ) to improve the performance of dtc at low speed operation, we have to exalt the accuracy of the stator flux estimation and a new way of bp neural network based on extended pidbp algorithm is given to estimate and tune the stator resistance of an induction motor to increase the accuracy of the stator flux estimation ; ( 3 ) digital signal processor is adopted to realize digital control. an device of direct torque control system is designed for experiment using tms320lf2407 chip produced by ti company ; ( 4 ) bring up a distributed direct torque control system based on sercos bus, sercos stand for serial real time communication system agreement which is most in keeping with synchronous with moderate motor control ; ( 5 ) the basic design frame of the hardware and software of the whole control system is given here and some concrete problem in the experiments is described here in detail

    針對上面提到的直接轉矩控制的缺陷和未來直接轉矩控制技術發展方向，本論文重點做了以下幾個方面的工作，目的在於提高dtc系統的綜合性能： （ 1 ）提出一種新型的速度磁鏈觀測器，新型的速度磁鏈觀測器採用自適應閉環磁鏈觀測器代替傳統的積分器從而提高磁鏈觀測的精度，並且根據popov超穩定性理論推導出轉速的新型自適應收斂律； （ 2 ）改善系統的低速運行性能，主要從提高低速時對定子磁鏈的估計精度入手，提出了一種提高定子磁鏈觀測精度的新思路? ?利用基於bp網路增廣pidbp學習演算法來實時在線地修正定子電阻參數； （ 3 ）採用數字信號處理器dsp實現系統全數字化硬體控制，結合ti公司生產的tms320lf2407晶元，設計了直接轉矩控制系統的實驗裝置； （ 4 ）提出了基於sercos總線網路化分散式的直接轉矩控制系統， sercos （ serialrealtimecommunicationsystem ）是目前最適合同步和協調控制的串列實時通信協議； （ 5 ）基本勾勒出整個控制系統的硬體和軟體設計基本框架，詳細描述一些實驗中的具體的細節問題。
  11. It is necessary to carry out the comparison study between the estimate - method results and direct shear test results in order to improve the reliability applying the estimate - method to engineering practice. in this paper, the nature rock joint samples have been selected differently in lithology and dimension based on the extensive investigation. the parameters of shear strength have been acquired based on a series of direct wet and dry shear tests using multistage direct shear test

    本文在對野外結構面的地質調查的基礎上，選取了不同巖性、不同尺寸的自然結構面試樣，採用單試件法進行了一系列乾燥狀態和飽和狀態的直剪試驗，得到結構面抗剪強度參數；同時，運用jrc - jcs模型對各塊試樣進行結構面抗剪強度的經驗估算，求取了結構面抗剪強度參數。
  12. Firstly, the experimental phase current and input power data obtained from load test are employed to estimate the parameters in ii rated condition. then, the phase current and input power data in locked rotor condition are used to track the variation of the parameters of the secondary coil with slip frequency. the classical method and the direct modification method are also used to estimate the parameters of the induction machine in comparison with this technique

    首先利用了負載試驗的定子電流和輸入功率數據來識別額定工況下的電機參數，然後又使用了堵轉時的定子電流、輸入功率數據來識別電機二次繞組參數隨轉差頻率的變化，並與傳統參數測試方法和直接修正參數法進行了比較。
  13. But modern electronic counterwork technic could exactly estimate the carrier frequency, signal period, even the pseudo - random ( pn ) sequence itself of direct sequence spread spectrum ( dsss ). it is urgency to investigate a new dsss to achieve lower probability of detection ( lpd ) and higher anti - jamming

    然而現代電子對抗技術可以準確估計直接序列擴頻通信的載波頻率、符號周期甚至擴頻碼本身，為達到更低截獲率和更高抗干擾的通信目的，必須研究新的直擴通信技術。
  14. By using separate source method and mine statistic method, the paper makes a comprehensive estimate about the gas emission, when light support top - coal caving technology is adopted in mining face during the initial phase in the third mining level, which is useful to direct the gas control and the safe production in the future

    摘要通過採用分源法和礦山統計法相結合的預測方法，綜合分析得出了三水平初期開采階段工作面採用輕放工藝回採時的瓦斯湧出量，極大地指導了礦井下一步的瓦斯管理和安全生產。
  15. After studying a lot of documents, we present a speed - estimating method for direct torque control system. this method is based on the theory of dtc, but it takes advantage of the convenient of both the theory of dtc and the theory of foc. we need only to sample the stator ' s current to estimate the speed of the rotor, at the same time the integration of the voltage is avoided

    在研究大量文獻的基礎上提出了一種適用於交流電機dtc控制系統的轉速計算方法，該方法以dtc控制為中心，結合dtc和定子磁場定向和轉子磁場定向各自的特點，綜合利用各自的有利之處，只需測量定子電流，避免了對電壓積分，思路清晰，計算簡單。
  16. The instantaneous unit hydrograph theory would be suitable for the high antecedent baseflow and the high rainfall intensity to estimate the direct runoff, but it still needs to prove its fitness with much more cases

    在臨前基流量較大或降雨強度較大時，應用瞬時單位歷線理論分析逕流特性之準確性較高，然確實之適用條件仍有待進一步之研究。
  17. The correlation detection using the periodicity of the direct sequence autocorrelation function can estimate the symbol period at intermediate frequency or at baseband. simulation results indicate that the former is superior to the latter when the demodulated frequency is unequal to the carrier frequency

    時域相關檢測方法利用擴頻信號的周期自相關特性，能在中頻和基帶對擴頻碼周期進行估計，模擬結果表明中頻檢測時性能較好。
  18. For the contractor ， a bid estimate submitted to the owner either for competitive bidding or negotiation consists of direct construction cost including field supervision ， plus a markup to cover general overhead and profits

    ?建築成本估算要求的精確程度在項目發展的不同階段發生著變化，從早期的相近數字到施工前預算控制時相當準確的是數字。
  19. But ought she not primarily to be able to milk cows, churn good butter, make immense cheeses ; know how to sit hens and turkeys, and rear chickens, to direct a field of labourers in an emergency, and estimate the value of sheep and calves

    「但是，這個姑娘首先是不是應該會擠牛奶，會攪黃油，會做美味的乳酪呢？首先是不是應該懂得照顧母雞和火雞孵蛋，懂得照顧小雞，懂得在緊急時候指揮工人種地，懂得給牛羊估價呢？ 」
  20. The relaxation of the jet to its final diameter has been used to provide a direct estimate of the fluid relaxation time.

    射流到其最終直徑的鬆弛過程，被用來對流體的鬆弛時間提供直接的估算。
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