economic-criterion system 中文意思是什麼
economic-criterion system
解釋
經濟準則系統-
By researching systematically into the enlargement ' s tremendous impacts on the sub - systems of both parties " political, governance and economic institutions, as well as into the process of institutional changes, adaptations, adjustments and convergence between them, the dissertation analyzes the institutional reforms of both parties resulting from enlargement as well as the major driving force, approaches and interactive means behind them. on the basis of that, the author constructs an experimental theory in a bid to provide some comparison criterion or system of reference for institutional interactions in the eu enlargement process
通過系統研究兩種制度「對撞」給雙方政治權力制度與經濟治理制度各個子系統造成的巨大沖擊力，以及雙方相互調整、相互適應、相互趨同的制度變遷過程，本文分析了歐盟與新成員國因應東擴制度變革壓力而實施的制度變革舉措及其背後主要的驅動力量、互動手段和作用途徑，進而構築起一個實驗性的理論框架，為解釋歐盟東擴進程中的制度互動現象提供了某種參照系統和比照標準。 -
In the part of the standard and index system of grassland ecological security evaluation, the author introduces selected principle, founded methods, sources of evaluation criterion and the principle that structures the index system of grassland ecological security evaluation, designs the concept frame of grassland ecological security evaluation learning from that of driving force - psr, and structures the index system of hierarchical structure of grassland ecological security evaluation according to the characteristic of grassland ecosystem and social and economic development of grassland
最後對草原生態安全評價的原理做了探討，介紹了相關的評價方法。在草原生態安全評價的標準與指標體系研究中，討論了評價標準選取的原則、建立方法、來源以及草原生態安全指標體系構建的原則，依據草原生態系統以及牧區社會經濟發展的特點，借鑒驅動力psr生態環境系統服務的概念框架設計了草原生態安全評價的概念框架，並構建了草原生態安全評價指標層次結構體系。 -
To idiographic institution, the main causes of the debts forming are as follow : the finance rights and affair rights are digit in the process of the finance and tax system, the finance rights are up collecting, and the affairs rights are down moving, the finance gap formed in the process of the finance and tax system, the comparative economic shrink in the anaphase country reform, the finance ingathering became fewer : the political and the administration system reform is disjoint to the economic system reform, the village and town government financial action is lost echo obligation, the expenditure break through the budget, and so on, otherwise, the country financial system reform is lag, the invests are becoming bad for the country government intervention to economic field, the country government action is short of efficient criterion, cut down the centre transferring geld to the farmers and delay to carry out the legal payment ; the effective supervision to the loan is short of about national to the non - financial machine, and so on, so the debts form at last
但從根本講，還是制度的原因，是國家通過制度的安排來對利益進行重新分配，導致鄉鎮政府財政收入短缺，產生債務需求，最終形成債務。從具體的制度上看，主要有:財稅體制改革中的財權與事權的錯位，財權向上集中、事權不斷下移;農村稅費改革產生財政缺口;農村改革後期出現的經濟相對萎縮，財政收入減少;政治制度和行政管理制度改革與經濟改革脫節，鄉鎮政府財政行為失去應有的約束，導致開支突破預算等等，產生債務需求。另外，農村金融體制改革的滯后;鄉鎮政府對經濟領域的高度介入，出現經濟投資虧損;政府行為缺乏有效規范，截留老百姓的轉移支付款項、拖延履行法定支付義務;國家對非金融機構借貸行為缺乏有效監管等等，產生債務供給。 -
Chapter 2 institutional performances of fiscal decentralization, mainly analyses the special characteristics of decentralized fiscal system, and many possible results it may occurred, illustrates some economic and social outcomes of decentralization strategy, iy introducing some index and measures designed by foreign experts for evaluating the performance or outcomes of fiscal decentralization, the dissertation points out the necessity and importance of developing a new criterion of our own country, to judge the results of fiscal decentralization in china
第2章財政分權的制度績效。側重於分析財政分權的制度特徵，指出財政分權改革可能產生的政策效果，分級財政制度自身的特殊性，實行分權戰略對經濟和社會發展產生的影響等。介紹國外衡量財政分權治理績效的指標體系，並對之做出評析，提出設計我國分級財政治理績效指標體系的必要性與重要意義。 -
Tax constitutionalism is the combination of economic system and political system in the condition of market economy, the constitutional arrangement in the tax field, and the criterion of balancing taxpayers ’ tax right and national tax power
稅收憲政是經濟體制與政治體制在市場經濟條件下的結合，是稅收領域中的憲政安排，是納稅人稅權與國家稅權運行與平衡的準則。 -
The dissertation, in the principle of integration of theory with practice conducts a detailed and systematic analysis and evaluation of the key elements affecting the competitiveness of agricultural products, arrive at corresponding policy analysis and defenses, and finally initiates solution proposals and make an analysis on the level of system innovation with a comprehensive use of the knowledge and theories of agriculture economics, comparative economics, regional economics, international trade and agricultural and natural science and an adoption of the combination of macro - analysis and micro - analysis, demonstration study and criterion study, ration analysis and nature determination analysis, comparative analysis, statistics analysis, computation economic model
本文綜合運用農業經濟學、產業經濟學、區域經濟學、比較經濟學、計量經濟學、國際貿易學和農業自然科學等學科的知識與原理，遵循理論與實踐相統一的原則，採取宏觀分析與微觀分析相結合、實證研究與規范研究相結合、定性分析與定量分析相結合以及比較分析、統計分析和計量經濟模型等多種方法，對影響農產品競爭力的關鍵要素展開系統深入的分析評價，得出相應的政策含義和依據，最後提出對策建議並加以耦合，進而上升到制度創新的層面加以闡述。
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