emission charge 中文意思是什麼
emission charge
解釋
排污收費-
4 the cleanout and the passivation of si surface was carried out by a two - step process to overcome the surface oxide layer and balance the charge between the substrate and epitaxy. by this way, the crystal quality and emission characteristic of zno thin films can be improved, which provide a way to resolve the native oxide layer of si substrate
4 、通過用等離子體對硅襯底表面進行清洗和鈍化兩步處理，解決硅襯底表面的氧化層和界面電荷平衡問題，制備出了高質量的氧化鋅薄膜材料，找到了一條獲得了高質量的氧化鋅薄膜的新途徑。 -
Electric field of the emission system of a liquid metal ion source was simulated, based on the conventional dynamic protrusion model and the widely used charge simulation method
摘要發射系統是液態金屬離子源的關鍵部件之一，它的性能的優劣直接影響到整個離子源的工作穩定性和可靠性。 -
In order to control pollution emission and protect environment resource effectively, the system of charge on pollution emission ( scope ) began to put in practice in the late 70 ' s in the last century in our country, by which remarkable effect in the cure of environment has been achieved
為了有效控制排污行為、保護環境資源，我國自上世紀70年代後期開始實施排污收費制度，在環境污染治理上取得了顯著的效果。 -
The disposal of the valves and intake manifold structure not only affect fresh air charge but airflow in the cylinder, which immediately affect combustion efficiency and the performance of dynamic, economic and emission. the structure of the air distributing institution has influence on charging efficiency and the noise of engine. the combustion chamber affects compression scale which has great influence on dynamical performance ; f / v which affects the exhaust of hc ; squash area and clearance which have great influence on the intensity of squash
氣缸蓋的氣門排列方式與氣道結構形式影響進氣充量和氣流在氣缸內的運動，從而影響了燃燒效率，對整機的動力性、經濟性以及排放都有直接的影響；配氣機構的形式影響充氣系數和整機噪聲等；缸蓋燃燒室決定了影響整機動力性能的壓縮比，影響hc排放的f / v和對擠流起決定性作用的擠氣面積以及擠氣間隙，所以燃燒室對整機動力性、經濟性、排放等都有重要的影響；氣缸蓋是整機熱負荷與熱應力最大的部件之一，熱負荷過高將不利於發動機壽命以及可靠性的提高。 -
The purpose of this study is to develop a three - dimensional numerical calculation model for spark - ignited premixed - charge lpg single fuel engine, which includes chemical kinetics submodel, ignition submodel, turbulent combustion submodel and emissions submodel. the conclusions obtained from this study provide a principle guide for optimum design of combustion system and to obtain satisfying characteristics in emission, performance and economy of lpg engine upon suitable structure and operating parameters, such as compression ratio, valve timing and spark timing
本論文的主要研究目標是單燃料lpg發動機的結構參數和運行參數對發動機性能的影響，以建立針對點燃式lpg發動機的三維燃燒模型，包括化學動力學模型、點火模型、湍流燃燒模型、排放模型為主要技術手段，並將燃燒模型計算結果和採用稀氧傳感器反饋控制的lpg實驗發動機上實測數據相比較驗證。 -
In order to solve the conflict of supply and demand, firstly, this particle discusses the characters of the national budget investment the emission of stock, attracting foreign capital and invest direct, domestic banks " loan, international financial organizations and foreign governments " loan, and the emission of bond, the bot mode and other financing manners. also, the particle analyses the resources of each financing manner and characters concretely. then, it analyses the scale, cost, construction and manner of highways " raising project, and it emphasizes banks " loan domestic and overseas, the emission of stock and bond, the attornment of highway ' s charge rights, the capital cost of bot financing manner, and uses the model to calc ulate the compositive capital cost, then build the worst ( in the worst environment hypothetically ) and the best scheme ( in the best environment hypothetically ) accordingly, after the comparison, we can obtain the status of the project ' s net cash flux, the debt ' s endurance capability, income and a series of data in any possible state, so that to get the optimized scheme and prepare for the scientific decision
為了解決資金的供需矛盾，本文首先論述了國家預算內投資、發行股票、吸收國外資本直接投資、國內銀行貸款、國際金融組織和外國政府貸款、發行債券、 bot方式等融資渠道的特點，具體分析了各融資方式的資金來源渠道及它們的特點；接著分析了公路項目籌資的規模、成本、結構和方式，重點分析國內外銀行貸款、發行股票和債券、轉讓公路收費權、 bot融資方式資金成本，用模型的方式具體計算綜合資金成本，建立相應的最差方案（在假設的最差條件下）和最佳方案（在假設的最好條件下）與之進行比較，獲取在各種可能條件下的項目凈現金流量狀況、債務承受能力和收益情況等一系列數據，確定整體最優方案，為科學決策做準備。 -
Detailed emission and excitation spectral characteristics have been analyzed and discussed. in addition, spectral red - shift has been found in both charge transfer bands in nanocrystalline y2o3 : eu 3 + compared to the bulk material. the number ratio of s6 sites to c2 sites is also smaller in nanocrystalline y2o3 : eu3 + than that in the bulk one
與體材料相比，兩種格位的電荷遷移帶在納米材料中都發生紅移；相對于c _ 2格位的電荷遷移帶， s _ 6格位的電荷遷移帶強度在納米材料中比在體材料中明顯降低。 -
This paper introduced a new partial premixed compound combustion mode engine in which some methanol was premixed in the introduction charge of the diesel. in such combustion mode ^ the premixed combustion part was increased, the diffusion, ambient was changed from air to methanol / air mixture for decreasing soot emission of the engine
本文介紹了一種新型燃燒模式，該燃燒模式是在柴油機的進氣中預混一定濃度的甲醇，從而大大增加了柴油機中預混合燃燒比例，原有的擴散燃燒的環境也因是在甲醇蒸汽和空氣的預混合氣中而有了顯著的改變。 -
The charactesistics of two - dimension spectra obtained by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ( icpaes ) with charge injection detection ( cid ) in frequency domain were studied in the present paper
摘要本文對電感耦合等離子體原子發射光譜分析（ icp - aes ）中電荷注入檢測器（ cid ）得到的二維光譜的頻率特性作了研究。
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