external friction 中文意思是什麼
external friction
解釋
外部摩檫-
There are even some people who, the moment a slightly favourable turn occurs in the war situation, are prepared to intensify the " friction " between the kuomintang and the communist party, diverting attention from external to internal matters
甚至某些人在戰爭形勢稍為好轉的時候，就準備在國共兩黨之間加緊磨擦一下，把對外的眼光轉到對內。 -
The research result demonstrates that along with the increment of reynolds number, the root mean square value of outer fluctuating magnitude of the external diameter in fall frequency band increases, the root mean square value of fluctuating magnitude of the external diameter in high frequency band decreses, demonstrating that the fluctuation of flexible pipe wall changes fluctuation don field of original rigid pipe, large - size eddy motion increases and small - size eddy motion decreases, this reduces energy loss and increases friction reduction effectiveness
研究結果表明：隨著雷諾數的增加，全頻帶的外徑脈動的均方根值加大，但高頻帶外徑脈動的均方根值減小，說明柔性管管壁脈動確實改變了原剛性管的脈動流場，大尺度渦的運動加劇，低尺度渦運動減弱，從而使得能量損失減少，減阻效果增大。 -
Due to the existence of friction, the paper utilizes a method of simulating the increments of the external load to trace the history of loading taking account of the irreversible character of the history of loading
由於摩擦的存在，考慮到加載歷程的不可逆性，本文採用模擬外部荷載增量的方法來追蹤加載歷程。 -
The performance characteristics of hydraulic structures are affected by many external factors. the estimate of their real operating states require the evaluation of many parameters such as the elastic modulus, the damping ratio, the friction coefficient, etc, which are extremely difficult to determine with traditional calculation methods or model test. a solution to overcome the difficulty could to be the combination of mathematical model and inverse finite element analysis based on the observed data
由於水工建築物具有體積大，外界作用因素復雜等特點，採用常規的理論分析和模型試驗方法對其進行計算復核以及安全評價時，往往由於未知因素過多，導致研究結果精度和可信度不理想，因此，利用原型監測資料建立正、反分析模型，以掌握其實際運行狀態和變化規律的方法已在水利工程等諸多領域得到深入發展和廣泛應用。
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