grudging 中文意思是什麼

At which willi would give a small grudging appreciative smile.

對此，威利往往給出一個勉強贊賞的微笑。

You are envious, biddy, and grudging.

畢蒂，你這是嫉妒，心裏有氣。

Still, a grudging respect may linger for costa rica, a country that once issued a trademark for the word “ ecotourism. ” if pressed, the legions of american litigators, mired in the point - counterpoint of legal briefs, might reluctantly acknowledge a secret admiration for the slash - and - upturn methods employed by hreniuk and the costa rican authorities in enforcing intellectual - property rights

如果真的要說，那些在法庭上辛苦陳述、努力攻防的美國律師，恐怕還是要對賀紐克跟哥斯大黎加官方用打、砸、燒的方式實施其智慧財產權，偷偷表示一點敬意。

On the other hand, the crisis of " grudging loan " resulted from the banking crisis has also been an obstacle to get out of recession

可見，金融制度的僵化導致並加劇了金融危機，金融危機的深化又使日本經濟陷入長期蕭條不能自拔。

After 1989, the increase of demand slowed down and facing the complexion of low degree of industrial concentration of product market and financial strain of medi um and small - sized enterprises caused by the circulating trap of " credit squeeze - - - bad loan ", the advantageous enterprises " " wallow in money ", specifically, those listed companies that could finance from the stock market, began to take predatory pricing strategy in succession and tried to enlarge market share and obtain high return by squeezing medium and small - sized enterprises out of the market after 1998, the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks in product and credit markets, overcapacity, the difficulty of retreating of loss - incurring enterprises in some industries from the market for institutional reasons and over - competition in some industries, led to the incessant decrease of enterprises " global income, persistent increase of rate of debts and constant rise of ratio of bad assets of banks, which further intensified the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks

如在改革開放初期，在產品市場需求旺盛和信貸市場預算軟約束的情況下，各類企業的最優決策就是採用高負債、高擴張的「負債的有限責任效應」策略來搶占市場並獲得高回報； 1989年以後，需求增速開始放緩，面臨產品市場產業集中度較低和信貸市場「信貸緊縮-不良貸款」循環陷阱導致的中小企業資金緊張的局面， 「錢袋鼓鼓」的優勢企業（尤其是那些可以通過股票市場融通資金的上市公司）紛紛採用掠奪性定價策略，試圖通過把中小企業擠出市場來擴大市場份額並獲得高收益； 1998年以後，產品市場和信貸市場形成了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環的狀況。產品市場上部分行業生產能力嚴重過剩，且由於體制等原因導致虧損企業無法退出，因此這些行業中出現了過度競爭的現象，企業總體收益的不斷下滑、負債率不斷提高以及銀行不良資產率的持續上升，又進一步加強了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」的惡性循環。

He was saying the affectionate word, however, with a far more grudging condescension and patronage than lie could have shown if their relative merits and positions had been reversed which is invariably the case, all the world over, when mr. cruncher, touching him on the shoulder, hoarsely and unexpectedly interposed with the following singular question

不過，他還是說了句親熱的話，態度勉強，居高臨下，若是兩人的長處和地位顛倒過來，她可是絕不至於如此的這在全世界都一樣。這時克朗徹先生卻拍了拍他的肩膀，沙聲沙氣發出了一個出人意外的怪問題：