length constant 中文意思是什麼

With account for the effect of temperature and shock - boundary layer interaction, the forebody / inlet with plane lip and wedge lip are designed by using the design methods of constant shock wave intensity and constant shock wave angle. in the design, the incidence angle of the first ramp, height of isolator, length of forebody and total turning angle of the designed forebody / inlet models are given

另外，根據優選結果，給定前體長度、前體預壓縮楔角、總壓縮轉角及隔離段高度，分別用等激波強度和等激波角度的方法設計了唇口平直和唇口帶楔角的前體進氣道。

Similar comments apply to torsion if the torsional moment and twist per unit length are constant throughout a member.

如果扭矩和單位長度上扭角沿桿件為常量，則上述的結論也可以用於扭矩。

When the area of little irrigation district is constant, drip line of trickle irrigation has the optimizing length. if the length of drip line is longer or shorter than the optimizing length, the expense of trickle system increases

一般認為，毛管長度越長，則滴灌系統造價相應就會減少，因此，在優化設計時，通常認為毛管取最大長度。

4. according to the cefgshg, the fundamental light radius was optimized when the length of bbo crystal was constant. 5

根據所推導的高斯光束倍頻轉換效率公式，對bbo倍頻晶體在長度確定的情況下，對基頻光斑進行了優化。

Based on the two postulates that the speed of light is constant and the laws of physics apply equally to all inertial reference frames, the theory predicts strange effects such as time dilation, length contraction and simultaneity of events varies according to viewers

基於兩個論點，即光速不變及物理定律可應用於任何慣性系統，狹義相對論預測了時間變慢長度收縮及同時事件是因觀察者而異等奇怪現象。

The goal of this paper is to study fully developed turbulent pipe flow. with the aid of the tripping annulus at the inlet, based on the experimental investigation and numerical simulation, detailed researches on a few basic rules in pipe flow have been performed, such as mean velocity profile, relative intensity of turbulence, the log - law, von karman ' s constant and reattachment length, thus filling some gaps in the research work of predecessors and obtaining a far - reaching understanding

本文的目的就是利用入口擋環進一步探索充分發展的圓管湍流，通過實驗和數值模擬對圓管湍流的若干基本規律，如平均速度分佈、相對湍流強度、對數定律、馮?卡門常數和再附著長度等進行詳細的研究，以填補前人研究中的一些空白，並獲得更深入的了解。

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

It is capable to lower the insertion loss by using high conductivity electrode material and increasing the electrode thickness and quality factor of bst capacitor. at the same time increasing the tunability of the dielectric constant and the length of the transmission line can increase the phase shift

通過使用高電導率的電極材料、增加電極的厚度、提高bst薄膜電容的q值可以實現器件插損的降低；增大薄膜的介電系數變化率和傳輸線長度可以增加移相度。

The condition under which higher - order dispersive effects can be neglected is also discussed with numerical examples. 6. based on the fourier optics, the focusing of ultrashort pulses by a silica lens in both cases of constant beam waist and constant diffraction length is studied considering dispersion of first, second and higher order, respectively

6 ，使用傅立葉積分變換法，在考慮透鏡色差和高階色散效應的較為一般情況下，分別研究了等束寬超短脈沖高斯光束和等衍射長度超短脈沖高斯光束通過硅玻璃透鏡的聚焦特性。

Through measuring the jet length, the following law is obtained : there exists an optimal driving signal frequency that can produce the strongest microjet for a certain actuator configuration at constant input power

實驗測量了不同頻率下微射流的流向長度，發現了如下規律：對特定幾何結構及尺寸的微射流作動器，在輸入功率一定的情況下，存在最佳頻率使得微射流最強。

Items in the constant pool are variable length, with the first byte of each item identifying the type of item and how it should be decoded

常量池中各項的長度是可變的，每項的第一個位元組標識項的類型以及對它解碼的方式。

The susan constant, the biggest of the three ships, was about the length of two mobile homes, including the spars jutting out from her bow and stern

蘇珊?康斯坦號是當時3艘船中最大的一艘，它有兩座汽車房那麼長，包括船尾和船首伸出的桅桿部分。

Nc machining requires " interpolation " algorithms that accurately and efficiently generate sequences of reference position, distributed according to a prescribed feedrate function, along the tool paths. this paper present a systematic derivation of the proper taylor series coefficients for variable feedrate interpolators. when the path is ph curves, detailed formulations for instances are presented where the feedrate v is specified as a constant, the function of the time t, the arc length s and the local curvature k

對于nc加工要求插值演算法沿著刀具路徑準確、有效的生成參考點序列（根據預先指定的速率函數進行分佈）的實際工程需要，本文系統地推導了變速率插值運算元的泰勒系數，給出了當路徑為ph曲線，速率v為常數，及時間t 、弧長s 、曲率k的函數時具體的插值運算元。

The condensing length increases with the boiler heating power and air content increasing, while it decreases with the system pressure increasing. under the normal pressure, the wall temperature and the centerline temperature along the condensing length nearly remain constant for pure steam, while they decrease continuously for steam / air mixture. however, when the steam condenses over, the temperatures drops rapidly

常壓下，純凈蒸汽冷凝時，有效冷凝段管壁壁溫基本保持不變，但是當蒸汽冷凝完畢進入過冷水階段后，管壁壁溫會急劇下降；蒸汽中含有空氣時，冷凝管中心溫度變化不大，但管壁壁溫始終呈下降趨勢。

Keeping displacement constant, the length of dfz decreased. the less the lattice resistance is, the longer the dfz is. during the crack propagation, the pile - up dislocations may move forward in the previous direction or in another direction which caused shape of dfz changed. the dislocations emitted from the crack tip might pile up in the dfz and can be served as dislocation source in the successive loading

在裂紋擴展過程，反塞積位錯群發生變化，可以沿原來方向繼續向前運動，也可能改變運動方向使無位錯區的形狀發生變化，后來發射出的位錯可以在原五位錯區中塞積，並可作為位錯源在後續的加載中發射位錯。

This paper contains three chapters. we discuss the pinching problems on the length of the second fundamental form of compact space - like submanifolds mn with unit parallel mean curvature vector in the de sitter space spn + p. in particular, a sufficient condition for mn with constant scalar curvature to be totally umbilical is given

討論desitter空間s _ p ~ （ n + p ）中具有平行的單位平均曲率向量的緊致類空子流形m ~ n的第二基本形式長度拼擠問題，給出了具有常數量曲率的這種子流形是全臍球面的一個充分條件。

For the scattering field caused by the finite - length conducting and permeable cylinder, the boundary condition that the normal component of electrical strength is zero in conducting medium, i. e. en = 0, was used to determine the separation constant of boundary value problem in the past

以往含有有限長導電導磁圓柱體散射場的求解，大都根據導電媒質中電場強度法向分量為零，即e _ n = 0 ，這一邊界條件來確定邊值問題中分離常數的取值。

Construction of flat tunnel of large span at extra - shallow depth must be conducted on the principle that advance grouting should be strictly performed before excavation and length of pull at one time should be short, together with reinforced support, immediate closing and constant monitoring and surveying. that preceding pilot tunnels, large - volume excavation divided into small ones, excavation of flank before that of center, upper before lower, arch before wall etc is a good method which could effectively reduce surface subsidence and its adverse effect on adjacent buildings, in addition, some other measures are also taken to lessen blast - induced vibration in the ground and surrounding structures. in a word, all means and steps mentioned above have already proved effective and practicable in practice

軟弱大跨超淺埋扁平隧道必須按「管超前，嚴注漿，多分部、短開挖、強支護、快封閉，勤量測」的施工原則進行施工，採用「眼鏡超前，化大為小，先側后中，先上後下，先拱后墻」的施工方法控制地表沉降和對周邊建築物的影響；採用「多分部，化大為小，短進尺，密布眼，弱裝藥，設減振槽」 ，控制爆破振動，經過實踐證明，這些方法都是行之有效的。

A new method, which is based on the force equilibrium condition and the geometrical compatibility condition of cable, according to the constant unstressed length of cable, is presented in this paper to determinate the geometric of suspension bridge free cable. numerical examples with humen suspension bridge are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed method

根據索的力的平衡條件及變形相容條件，由纜索無應力長度不變的原則來建立纜索狀態方程，提出了懸索橋主纜空纜狀態線形分析的一種新方法.以虎門懸索橋為例對該方法的正確性和適用性進行驗證，可供橋梁工程技術人員設計參考

Abstract : a new method, which is based on the force equilibrium condition and the geometrical compatibility condition of cable, according to the constant unstressed length of cable, is presented in this paper to determinate the geometric of suspension bridge free cable. numerical examples with humen suspension bridge are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed method

文摘:根據索的力的平衡條件及變形相容條件，由纜索無應力長度不變的原則來建立纜索狀態方程，提出了懸索橋主纜空纜狀態線形分析的一種新方法.以虎門懸索橋為例對該方法的正確性和適用性進行驗證，可供橋梁工程技術人員設計參考