mitochondrial gene 中文意思是什麼
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Two captive populations could n ' t be defined as separate evolutionary significant units ( esus ) because of lacking of genetic divergence between them, and should be considered as a single esu in the conservation of the species. by comparing the sequences of control region of mitochondrial dna from three species of crocodiles, it is revealed that the smallest genetic diversity exists between alligator sinensis and alligator mississipiensis. a portion of mitochondrial nd4 and cytochrome b gene of 3 species of crocodilian was sequenced
百年來關于揚子鱷的分類地位存在著很多爭議，本文利用測得的揚子鱷（ alligatorsinensis ） 、暹羅鱷（ crocodlylussiamensis ）和灣鱷（ crocodylusporosus ）的mtdnand4和cytb基因序列，以及從genbank中獲得密西西比鱷、凱門鱷和海龜（ cheloniamydas ）的nd4基因和cytb基因相應片段，構建以海龜為外群的系統進化樹。 -
A four - gene block, a rwo - trna gene cluster and six single trna genes involved in the rearrangement, the second gene rearrangement type of mitochondrial dna reported for any pancrustacea arthropod. comparisons of mitochondrial gene arrangements of decapod suggested that rearrangement of the four gene - block found in eriocheir is informative for high level phylogenetic study of decapod
發生重排的基因包括一個4基因塊的重排、 1個2基因的trna基因簇的重排和6個單一trna基因的重排，形成泛甲殼類線粒體dna的另一種基因重排類型。 -
Two haplotypes of gekko gecko on the mitochondrial 12s rrna gene sequences
基因片段的兩種單倍型 -
As analyzed, ( 1 ) the rapd technique is highly sensitive to investigating genetic diversity in t. lepturus and e. muticus. t. lepturus exhibits lower polymorphism and genetic diversity than e. muticus ; ( 2 ) according to the analysis of the partial mitochondrial 16s rrna gene sequences, a very low intraspecific variation and considerably high divergence among species were found, which reveals a dual nature of conservatism and variability in mitochondrial 16s rrna gene ; ( 3 ) five primers generate the species - speeific rapd sites and these sites can be served as the molecular markers for species identification and ( 4 ) it can be proved at dna variation level that t. lepturus and e. muticus are of two species respectively pertainiag to different genera, which supported the nelson taxonomic conclusion
分析結果表明: （ 1 ） rapd技術研究黃海帶魚和小帶魚的遺傳多樣性具有較高的靈敏度和檢出率，帶魚的多態比例和遺傳多態度均較小帶魚的低; （ 2 ）線粒體165出兇a基因序列在分析兩物種遺傳變異時表現出保守和變異的雙重特性，種內變異極小而種間較大: （ 3 ） 5個隨機引物擴增出種特異的ra衛d帶，可作為種間分子鑒定標記; （ 4 ）研究證實帶魚和小帶魚是不同屬的兩個種，從而在分子水平上支持了nelson分類系統的觀點。 -
1. because the taxonomic division is rather complex and has been much disputed and revised, in this part, we will review the classification and phylogeny of families, subfamilies and tribes of anseriformes based on morphology, ethology, osteology, mitochondrial and nuclear dna restriction fragment length polymorphism, single - copy nuclear dna hybridization and the sequences of mitochondrial gene analysis referring to the different definition, classification and phylogenetic relationships of the families, subfamilies and tribes of anseriformes. the controversial questions and deficiency in the systematic studies of anseriformes were pointed out
具體包括以下幾個部分： 1 、針對雁形目鳥類異常復雜的分類狀況及分類上存在的爭議，根據雁形目鳥類的形態學、行為學、骨骼學、角蛋白、線粒體與核dna酶切片段長度多態、單拷貝核dna - dna雜交及線粒體基因dna序列分析等方面的研究，對雁形目鳥類分類中科、亞科和族的劃分及其相互間的系統發生關系進行綜述，分析系統學研究中存在的不足，提出了雁形目鳥類分類中急需解決的問題。 -
2. the sequences variation of mitochondrial 12s rrna gene and phylogenetic relationships of anseriformes were studied based on the complete 12s rrna gene sequences of 36 living species of which 19 species were sequenced and other related data obtained from genbank
2 、研究測定了雁形目（ anseriformes ） 19種mtdna12srrna基因全序列，結合genbank中雁形目種類相關數據，分析了雁形目36種鳥類12srrna基因序列變異及其分子系統發生。 -
Among avian orders, the anseriformes ( screamers and waterfowls ) are a morphologically and biologically diverse group containing ca. 150 species distributed worldwide except antarctica. this paper will review the phylogeny of anseriformes firstly and then discuss the molecular phylogeny of anseriformes based on the genetic variation of mitochondrial 12s rrna gene and cytochrome b gene respectively
本文首先對雁形目鳥類的系統發生研究進行了綜述，然後分別基於雁形目鳥類線粒體dna12srrna基因和細胞色素b基因全序列的遺傳變異分析，探討了雁形目鳥類分子系統發生。 -
The association of larval and adult stages of ecologically important caddisfly ( insecta : trichoptera ) using mitochondrial dna sequences larval and adult amplification fragments were cloned and sequenced. dna sequences were aligned using clustal x software ( gene codes corporation )
線粒休dna一coi 、 u基因序列在毛翅目成幼蟲聯系中的應用研究擴增並測定了4種鱗石蛾的成、幼蟲的mtdnacoi 、 coh及trna一leu基因序歹『 j 。 -
The morphological diagnostic characters for many mature and early instar larvae are still lacking in china. partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxydase i and ii and a transfor rna ( co i co ii and trna ) gene of the adults and larvae from caddisflies were. lepidostomaflavum, l. fui, l. arcuatum, paraphlegopteryx morsei, apsilochorema unculatum and apsilochorema hwangi, and the larval and adult stages of these species were sequenced and associated
採用dnastarpackage中的editseq軟體進行序列編輯、 orf查找；採用clustalx軟體進行序列比對（ alignment ） ；比對結果輸入mega2 . 1軟體計算各樣品間的遺傳距離，並基於kjmura2 - parameter模型，用鄰接法（ neighbor - jojning ， nj ）構建系統發生樹，通過自展（ bootstrap1000次）檢驗獲得系統樹分支的置信度。 -
To target this mitochondrial enzyme into chloroplast, the cdna sequence of mnsod was fused to a chloroplast transit peptide from a pea rubisco small subunit gene, whereas expression of the chimeric gene was driven by the camv 35s promoter
Pchlsod質粒含有煙草mnsod基因的cdna序列，與豌豆核糖體小亞基葉綠體引物肽（ tp ）的編碼基因序列構成融合基因，由35s啟動子調控。 npt基因為選擇標記基因， pgv2260為輔助質粒。 -
Molecular systematics of partial species belonging to 5 subfamilies of miridae are investigated in this study by using esterase isozyme ( est ) and cytochrome b ( cyt b ) gene in mitochondrial dna as molecular marks
運用酯酶同工酶和線粒體dna中編碼細胞色素b蛋白質的基因cytb作為分子標記，對盲蝽科miridae的5個亞科的部分種類進行了分子系統學研究。 -
The mitochondrial dma cytochrome b gene was sequenced from 32 siluriforms which are belonging to 22 genera and 10 families
本研究通過pcr技術獲得了鯰形目10科22屬32種魚類線粒體dna細胞色素b基因1138bp全序列。 -
Analysis of the sequence variation of cytochrome b gene indicated that there is no evidence of insertions or deletions, i. e., they are all of identical length of 1143 bp in all the sequences of cytochrome b gene. further, the sequences can be fully translated into amino acid using chicken mitochondrial codon without nonsense mutations or intervening stop codons. the 1143 bp cytochrome b alignment contained 416 variable sites, of which 306 were parsimony informative sites with the strongest variable in third codon positions and less variable in first and second codon positions
細胞色素b基因序列變異分析表明： 1 ）雁形目鳥類細胞色素b基因全序列長度一致，無插入和缺失：對照雞線粒體密碼子系統全序列能全部翻譯成氨基酸序列，無無義突變，全序列內部無終止密碼子； 2 ）序列比對后1143加，含416個核著酸變異位點， 306個簡約信息位點，其中處於密碼子第三位的變異最大，第一位和第二位堿基的變異相對較小。 -
The percentage of polymorphic sites, degree of genetic polymorphism and genetic distance were compared and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbor - joining method. the partial mitochondrial 16s rrna gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) and the pcr products were directly sequenced after purified. these sequences, together with the homologous sequences of another trichiuridae species lepidopus caudatus obtained from genbank were used to analyze nucleotide difference and to establish a upgma phylogenetic tree by means of biological informatics
汝us價ay1830 ）各12個個體進行rapd分析，對比多態位點比例、遺傳多態度以及遺傳距離，並構建neighbor - join噸系統樹;通過pcr擴增出線粒體165rrna基因，純化后直接測序，利用生物信息學方法進行序列分析和核昔酸變異比較，結合ge紅bar止中大西洋叉尾帶魚（ lepid （護腳caud玫tuseuphrasen1788 ）同源序列構建u甲cm叭系統樹。 -
Rearrangements have been occurred in at least twelve mitochondrial genes, which have drastically altered the gene order of the mitten crab e. japonica sinensis to the putative ancestral pancrustacean ( crustacean / insecta ) gene order
中華絨螯蟹線粒體基因組與推測的泛甲殼類原始的線粒體基因順序相比，至少有12個基因發生了重排，造成線粒體基因排列順序顯著的變化。 -
Taxonomic relationship between chrysolophus pictus and c. amherstiae based on mitochondrial dna d - loop gene
控制區基因探討紅腹錦雞和白腹錦雞的分類關系 -
The partial sequences of the mitochondrial co i, co ii and trna gene of the adults and larvae of 4 species from lepidostomatidae and the adults and larvae of apsilochorema unculatum and a. hwangi were sequenced and compared in this study. in the sequences obtained ( 1718 ~ 2239bp ), a % + t % was about 69. 2 %, 267 nucleotide sites were substituted in apsilochorema and 266 nucleotide sites were substituted in lepidostomatidae. at bias in the third codon position site was much higher than the other two sites, reaching about 81. 9 %
{的比對分析表明:在coi區的一45一個比對位點中，有1260個保守位點， 191個變異位點，其中98個轉換位點， 93個顛換位點;發生在密碼子第三、第一和第二位點的變異分別為78 % 、 18 %和4 % ;種內序列歧異度為o一0 . 9 % ，而種間為一4 %一24 % 。 -
All these characters were parsimoniously analyzed using paup4. 0. mitochondrial dna cytochrome b gene was adopted to discuss the sequences variations among the populations of sinibrama species and used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between the genus sinibrama and some related cultrinae genera. on the basis of the analytical result, the hypothesized relationship of cultrinae by previous authors were testified
運用線粒體dna細胞色素b基因序列對華鯿屬及其相關類群進行了系統發育重建，以探討華鯿屬魚類不同地理居群的cytb序列變異及與其他相關類群的系統發育關系，並驗證前人的一些研究結果。 -
The technology and methods of the study on molecular mechanism of cytoplasm male sterility ( cms ) are introduced in regard to mitochondrial genome, mitochondrial gene, mitochondrial rna, mitochondrial protein, transformed plants and abortion of pollen
摘要本文從線粒體基因組、線粒體基因、線粒體轉錄rna 、線粒體蛋白、轉基因植物以及花粉敗育機理六個方面詳細介紹了植物細胞質雄性不育分子生物學研究的技術和方法。 -
4 gene rearrangements and proposed mechanisms of vertebrate mtdna vertebrate mitochondrial gene order was initially considered completely conserved
4脊椎動物線粒體基因重排及機制脊椎動物線粒體基因順序最初認為是完全保守的。
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