observability 中文意思是什麼

Aiming at the nonlinearity of state and measure equation and measurement being only angle information, which results in poor observability and classical estimate methods such as extended kalman filter not converging, the boost phase states and covariance are estimated using unscented kalman filter ( ukf )

針對狀態方程和觀測方程都是非線性方程，觀測量只有角度信息，造成可觀測性弱、經典的濾波演算法如擴展卡爾曼濾波方法不易收斂的問題，利用unscented卡爾曼濾波ukf演算法對主動段進行狀態和協方差估計。

Backed up by the soplat theory based on particle kinematics, the second chapter of this paper presents with analysis and simulation of several single observer passive measurement models, which uses such relative movement parameters as bearings changing rates and centrifugal acceleration information on the basis of bearings measurements. in the third chapter, the observability of location respectively using bearings and its changing rates information and centrifugal acceleration information is analyzed, and its observable condition is got. the fourth chapter puts forward the modified covariance extended kalman filtering ( mvekf ) against the defect of traditional extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), whose performance is simultaneously compared in the chapter with the performance of ususal tracking algorithm such as ekf, mgekf, iekf by computer simulation

在近年來提出的基於質點運動學原理的單站無源定位理論基礎上，本文第二章提出了幾種在角度測量的基礎上增加角度變化率及相對運動的離心加速度等運動學參數的單站無源測量模型，並對它們進行了分析和模擬；第三章分別對利用角度及其變化率信息定位和利用離心加速度信息定位的可觀測性進行分析並得到了相應的可觀測條件；第四章針對傳統擴展卡爾曼（ ekf ）方法的缺點，提出了一種修正協方差的擴展卡爾曼濾波（ mvefk ）方法，並將其和ekf 、 mgekf 、 iekf等常用的單站無源定位濾波方法進行了性能模擬比較；第五章通過引入雷達機動目標跟蹤方法和模型，提出了利用角度及其變化率對機動輻射源跟蹤的多級噪聲自適應方法和imm方法；第六章主要對角度變化率和離心加速度參數的獲取技術進行了研究，提出了幾種高精度測量脈沖序列多普勒頻率變化率的方法。

The equations of the mean value functions and the covariance functions are established for dynamical systems whose inputs are fuzzy stochastic processes. an existence and uniqueness theorem of ito fuzzy stochastic differential equations is proved, some explicit representations of solutions and the equations of statistical characteristics are deduced for linear fuzzy stochastic differential equations, and numerical methods to nonlinear fuzzy stochastic differential equations are proposed, the conditions for stability and observability of fuzzy linear systems are derived. the kalman filter algorithms of linear fuzzy stochastic systems are brought forward

主要成果包括：提出了模糊隨機變量協方差和反向協方差的概念；研究了二階模糊隨機變量的均方收斂性，並在此基礎上得到了均方模糊隨機分析、平穩模糊隨機過程及其譜分解的若干定理；根據均方模糊隨機分析理論，得到了輸入為模糊隨機過程的線性系統的輸出輸入統計特徵關系方程；證明了ito型模糊隨機微分方程解的存在唯一性，並給出了ito型線性模糊隨機微分方程解的表達式，統計特徵方程以及非線性模糊隨機微分方程的數值解法；得到了模糊線性系統的穩定性和可觀性條件、線性模糊隨機系統統計特徵方程和線性模糊隨機系統的kalman濾波演算法；研究了當觀測值是模糊數據時，線性回歸模型的建立。

19 farzan fallah, pranav ashar, srinivas devadas. simulation vector generation from hdl descriptions for observability - enhanced statement coverage

本文以可觀測性語句覆蓋評估準則為例，提出了計算可觀測性語句覆蓋率的方法。

Ieee trans. computers, may 1992, 41 : 654 - 659. 18 fallah f, devadas s, keutzer k. occom - efficient computation of observability - based code coverage metrics for functional verification

該方法採用變量的賦值和引用作為可觀測性分析的基礎，可以很容易地與其它考慮可控制性的覆蓋準則相結合。

In chapter 5, the causes of the problem and the effects caused by it that measurements are gotten sequentially by several planes in location and tracking system using doa measurements with multi - planes are studied and the observability is discussed

第五章研究了測向交叉定位中多機觀測不同步問題，進行了可觀測性分析，引入了scaat方法處理多機不同步測向數據，並進行了模擬實驗。

In this thesis, a hardware / software coverification environment icos is proposed. by embedding virtual mornitor and control unit ( vmcu ) into the system prototype, rtos, ipc, and external tools and console implemented using java, icos provide good observability and control. and the application of rtos make icos highly portable

Icos在保證驗證準確性的同時，通過在系統原型中嵌入虛擬監視控制單元（ vmcu ） ，同時結合實時操作系統、進程間通信和java實現的外部工具與數據庫， icos提供了良好的可觀測性和可控制性並且可以在icos中方便地進行系統地性能評估。

Nothing in our experience has ever raised the strange effects of relativity to the threshold of observability.

在我們的日常生活中，從來還沒有什麼東西使奇特的相對論效應提高到可觀察的程度。

Weak observability of nonlinear large - scale system

非線性大系統的弱能觀性

Research on observability of the fractional - order linear systems

分數階線性系統的能觀性研究

Controllability and observability of a kind of linear descriptor system

一類線性廣義系統的能控性和能觀性

Necessary and sufficient conditions for uniform controllability and observability of linear switched systems

線性切換系統一致能控性和能觀性的充要條件

Controllability and observability have close contacts with stability : so long as system is controllable and observable, it can be stable unquestionably

能控能觀性與穩定性有著密切的聯系：只要系統是能控能觀的，就一定能使其穩定。

While analyzing controllability and observability of system over the field f ( z ) of the rational functions in multi - parameters, we must use the algebraic criteria. so we have to get its state equations in the first place

在分析f （ z ）上系統的能控能觀性時，要應用其代數判據，這就要首先求出其f （ z ）上狀態方程系。

Controllability and observability of hamilton extension of a linear system

擴張系統的能控性和能觀測性

With only bearing information observability of the problem completely depends on certain kind of maneuver of the observer which distinguishes bot from other tma problems

由於只利用單一觀測站測量得到的方位信息不能獲得雷達站的距離信息，因此要實現對雷達站的跟蹤就必須保證觀測器具備某種形式的機動性。

Based on this model, the principle of many kinds of localization methods is discussed, and measure equation is set up. then the performances and observability of different localization methods are analyzed

然後根據此模型，詳細討論了多種定位跟蹤方法的原理，並分別建立觀測方程，對各個定位法的性能進行分析比較，給出了可觀測條件。

Observability of maneuvering target passive tracking with bearing and doppler measurements

基於方位角和多普勒的機動目標無源定位跟蹤可觀測條件

Thirdly, the analysis method for nonlinear system using rank factor of observability and singular value decomposition are proposed, and navigation observability is analyzed

第三，給出觀測矩陣秩條件及矩陣奇異值分解的非線性系統可觀性分析方法，對自主導航系統進行可觀性分析。

The kalman filter theory is introduced and the dynamic error vector equation of the initial alignment is derived at the first. using velocity error as exterior value of observation, maneuverable characteristic that is influenced with system ' s observability and its degree is studied at length by do amount of simulations and experiences. choosing output error of accelerometers and angle error of attitude as observation respectively and system observation model is derived, which is based on analyzing kalman filter theory

首先介紹了卡爾曼濾波理論及相關技術，建立了系統卡爾曼濾波的狀態方程和觀測方程；首先採用速度誤差作為觀測值，詳盡的研究了系統機動特性對可觀測性和可觀測度的影響，並做了大量模擬實驗：通過對濾波原理的分析研究了影響的原因；分別選用加速度計輸出誤差和轉臺輸出姿態角誤差作為外部觀測值，推導建立它們的觀測模型，並通過模擬證明了分析結論的正確性。