observation equation 中文意思是什麼

observation equation 解釋
觀測方程（又稱「誤差方程」）
  • observation : n 1 觀察，注意；觀察力；?望。2 觀測，實測；【航海】測天；【軍事】觀測，監視，偵察。3 （觀察得的）...
  • equation : n. 1. 平衡，均衡；平均，相等。2. 【數學】方程式，等式。3. 【天文學】（時）差；均分，等分。4. 【化學】反應式。
  1. In the stage of the sun and the moon in sight, azimuth of the sun, the earth and the moon in the spacecraft body coordinate system is simulated. combining the simulated azimuth with the ephemeris of the sun and the moon, the state equation and observation equation are modeled. the initial orbital parameters calculated by least square method are used in orbit state equation to predict spacecraft state and to realize autonomous navigation

    在日月可見階段，模擬日、地、月敏感器測量信息，即日、地、月在航天器本體坐標系下的方位信息，結合日月星歷，建立狀態方程及觀測方程，通過最小二乘法得到歷元時刻的軌道狀態初始值，將其代入軌道狀態方程進行自主導航。
  2. The equation for estimating land surface temperature of huaihe river basin has been set up by using the data of split window channels of trmm and gms - 5 satellite and the ground observation data of hubex

    利用trmm衛星和gms - 5衛星的兩個紅外分裂窗通道的亮溫資料，結合淮河流域能量與水分試驗hubex加密觀測期間獲得的地面溫度的觀測資料，建立了反演淮河流域地面溫度的參數化方程。
  3. As we know, there exist some defects in solving normal equation system. in order to overcome the shortcomings, the singular - value decomposition method and its applications in direct solving the ill - conditioning observation equation are studied

    最後針對法方程解算方法存在的缺點，主要研究了矩陣的奇異值分解技術在直接解算病態觀測方程中的應用。
  4. Based on underwater vehicle ' s nonlinear differential equation and observation equations, swarm intelligence algorithm is used to identify ten hydrodynamic parameters from simulation observed data of the motions of underwater vehicle

    摘要通過水下航行體的狀態方程和試驗觀測方程，利用智能辨識技術對水下航行體的模擬運動數據進行了模擬辨識，求得了10個水動力參數。
  5. Target state estimater ( tse ) is an important and indispensable part of integrated flight and fire control system ( iffcs ). this article takes the ground mobile object as the study model. it established the system state equation and observation equation from the perspective of promoting system accuracy, simplifying the calculation and facilitating the engineering realization, the tse was set up by using the kalman filtering calculation method in the wake of linearizing the observation equation to make it adapt the precondition

    目標狀態估計器是綜合飛行/火力控制系統中的一個重要組成環節，本文以地面機動目標為模型，從提高目標估計精度、簡化計算以及便於工程實現為出發點，建立目標的狀態方程及觀測方程，並對其進行線性化，利用自適應卡爾曼濾波演算法構造目標狀態估計器。
  6. Based on the observation data such as coads and soda, the main climatological features of the tropical indian ocean and relationships of sea surface temperature ( sst ), heat budget with ocean dynamics and thermodynamics processes are analyzed ; the seasonal and interannual variability of the tropical indian ocean are well simulated using a ocean general circulation model ; based on the thermal equation and model output data, the variation mechanism of sst and heat budget are investigated in the tropical indian ocean ; besides, the effect of seasonal variation of wind stress, ekman pumping and horizontal diffusivity on the ocean current and heat budget are studied, using both ideal model and complex model

    本文根據coads 、 soda等實際觀測資料，較全面的分析了熱帶印度洋主要的氣候特點，並研究了海表面溫度（ sst ） 、熱收支與海洋動力、熱力過程的聯系；利用全球海洋環流模式較好地模擬出熱帶印度洋的季節和年際變化；基於熱力學方程和海洋環流模式輸出結果，探討了熱帶印度洋sst和北印度洋熱量收支的季節和年際變化機制，進一步揭示了海洋動力過程在北印度洋熱平衡中的重要作用；在此基礎上，利用理想化的數值試驗與數值模擬結果相結合的方式，證實了風應力的季節變化和ekman抽吸，以及水平熱量擴散系數對北印度洋海洋環流和熱收支的影響。
  7. The relation between rheological breaking ratio and plastic work is set up according to the equation relation between outer plastic work and energy of plastic deformation. it is helpful to the understanding of elasto - plastic constitutive relationship of rockfill and braking of particles. based on analysis of test result, in - site observation data, this paper put forward a quantitative relation between rheology and valley shape, rockfill mechanical parameters, such as dry density, compressive modulus, softening factor, pore ratio, etc. the main factors influencing the rheological behavior of rockfill can be classified into inner factors and outer factors

    堆石作為面板壩的主體，影響其流變的因素頗多且十分復雜，既有內因也有外因，根據試驗、原型觀測資料對內外因素所做的分析，本文提出了流變與河谷形狀等外因、流變與壩體常規物理力學指標等內因的定量關系和影響堆石流變的多因素綜合表達式，由此建立了堆石流變與堆石常規物理力學指標（如干密度、壓縮模量、軟化系數、孔隙比等等）之間的聯系。
  8. The kalman filter theory is introduced and the dynamic error vector equation of the initial alignment is derived at the first. using velocity error as exterior value of observation, maneuverable characteristic that is influenced with system ' s observability and its degree is studied at length by do amount of simulations and experiences. choosing output error of accelerometers and angle error of attitude as observation respectively and system observation model is derived, which is based on analyzing kalman filter theory

    首先介紹了卡爾曼濾波理論及相關技術，建立了系統卡爾曼濾波的狀態方程和觀測方程；首先採用速度誤差作為觀測值，詳盡的研究了系統機動特性對可觀測性和可觀測度的影響，並做了大量模擬實驗：通過對濾波原理的分析研究了影響的原因；分別選用加速度計輸出誤差和轉臺輸出姿態角誤差作為外部觀測值，推導建立它們的觀測模型，並通過模擬證明了分析結論的正確性。
  9. The unified differential equation is developed after making the stochastic excitation and observation noise be of equal dimensions

    將隨機輸入和觀測噪聲等維化處理后，建立了結構振動及其控制系統差分方程的統一模式。
  10. Based on successive regression study of observation data, the authors ascertained the factors having influence on the fluctuation in the bai spring discharge, established the regression equation and the prediction model, and calculated the exploitable karst water resources under natural conditions

    摘要本文通過對輝縣自泉泉水流量動態的分析，確定了泉水流量動態的影響因素，建立了泉水流量的衰減方程和泉水流量的預測模型，預測了天然狀態泉水流量，評價了泉域巖溶水的開采資源。
  11. It was proposed that the reduction in pr ( n ) during the electric fatigue process was probably caused by the increase of a domain and anti - ferroelectric c * domain ( both leading to the increase in non - switching of c domain ) in combining with the experimental observation that the pr ( n ) values lowered with the rise of n. the equation which can be used to calculate the differences in non - switchable domain due to the increase of n was also given. variations of domain - switching with changes of n are discussed according to the in - situ xrd measurements

    根據原位xrd實驗觀測結果，給出了c a疇的90疇變的近似估算公式，並結合宏觀剩餘極化強度隨n增加而降低的實驗觀測，提出了疲勞過程中材料的剩餘極化強度p _ r （ n ）降低是由於a疇的增加和反鐵電c ~ *疇增加導致不可翻轉c疇增加共同造成的假設，並給出了不可翻轉疇隨n增加而變化的估算公式。
  12. The main contents are as follows : 1 ) 3 eliminate error criterion method and step wise regression analysis method is used to analyze the errors of observation date. in the stepwise regression analysis, aging, loading and temperature which bulkily affects the dam ' s vertical deformation are selected as the regression factors, then regression equation and curve of each point are worked out

    運用3準則剔除誤差法和逐步回歸分析法對茅坪壩的觀測資料進行誤差分析，在逐步回歸分析中，選用對壩體豎向變形影響較大的時效、施工加載和溫度作為回歸因子，求出各測點的回歸方程和擬合曲線。
  13. First, under the given boundary condition and reasonable simplified condition, this paper develops radiation transmitting equations in atmosphere applied in infrared waveband and visual light waveband from common equation of radiation transmitting. then, the formula between observation of satellite and net surface radiation is established according to the developed equations, from which it is found that net surface radiation is relative to sun zenith, land surface and cloud albedo, etc. at last, by using data of satellite visual light ( vis ), infrared 1 ( ir1 ), infrared 2 ( ir2 ) and water vapor ( ir3 ) channel, sun zenith and net surface radiation, a regression formula is built

    本文從大氣中太陽輻射傳輸的一般性方程入手，引入邊界條件及簡化條件，推導出紅外波段和可見光波段的大氣輻射傳輸方程，由此建立起衛星觀測輻射與地面凈輻射的關系，文章還就衛星觀測到的輻射與雲量、雲高、雲的光學厚度、雲及地面反照率等之間的關系進行了理論分析，可以幫助更好地理解雲對地面凈輻射的影響。
  14. Finally, according to dynamics model and optical principle, we have designed three different routes and build up this system ’ s equation of state and observation, and make use of kalman filter to estimate lunar - rover ’ s position, velocity and attitude

    在月球車動力學及光學成像原理的基礎上，對三個模型分別建立了該系統的狀態方程及觀測方程來對月球車的相對位置、姿態進行估計，並給出了模擬結果。
  15. The methods of data association and tracking beginning and ending to single and multiple targets tracking in the multi - echo environment is listed. at the end of the thesis, a method is introduced, which is that based on the most closed principle, without the chosen echo, the current forecasting values added yawp based upon the former state values is considered as the target state estimated value. the value is an input of observation equation, the output of the observation equation is considered a chosen echo. and the method is validated in the simulation results

    針對多目標跟蹤問題，首先對多目標跟蹤的原理和跟蹤門的形成方法進行了概述，並對多回波環境下單目標跟蹤和多目標跟蹤的常用的數據關聯方法和跟蹤起始、跟蹤終結方法進行了介紹，在本文的後半部分，對多目標的運動狀態進行了模擬研究，提出了一種目標狀態估計方法，該種方法的思想是當前時刻如果目標跟蹤門內沒有所期望的候選回波，首先計算出目標在前一時刻的運動狀態下對當前時刻的預測值，並將該值疊加上系統噪聲作為量測方程輸入值，然後將觀測值作為候選回波對目標進行狀態估計。
  16. Based on the large disturbance equation and using the measured power angle as an observation argument in an identification algorithm, the electrical parameters and mechanical parameters are obtained. in this thesis, micro - computer testing systems for synchronous generator is analyzed. withmcs - 196 series single chip micro - controller of high price performance ratio, a high precision, intelligent instrument for automated testing has been developed

    設計了同步發電機參數測試儀器，完成了利用發電機定子電壓電流的波形，辨識發電機參數的計算機軟體，該裝置運用鎖相環技術自動跟蹤和獲取電量頻率，進行交流采樣，利用傅立葉演算法求得電量基波的幅值、有效值，從而可獲得三相有功功率、三相無功功率以及功率因數。
  17. Abstract : the paper gives a calculation method of nonlinear least square adjustment for different types of observation value, which reduces the dimensions of a big equation based on bfgs method

    文摘:該文針對不同類型觀測值的非線性最小二乘平差，介紹一種將問題分離后再解算的基於變尺度法的解析方法。
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