past paper 中文意思是什麼
past paper
解釋
會考試題-
The carbon in the past, be add on paper face have autotype a material of the function, common front opposite has, so, two sides can be used
過去的復寫紙，是在紙面上加上具有復寫功能的一層材料，一般正面反面都有，所以，兩面都能使用。 -
The origin and evolution of land plants was an important event in the history of earth life and has affected all other lives on the earth and global environment. during the past two decade, the new discoveries of fossil plants microfossils and megafossils from the mid - ordovician through all silurian to the lower devonian improved knowledge of the origin of land plants, provided a time framework of the basal groups for the land plants and the early evolution diversity of vascular plants. three new plant based epochs have been recognized. on the other hand, molecular sequence studies have provided insights into the phylogeny and early branches of land plants. a phylogenetic tree has been established by the joint of a study of comparative morphology and gene sequences. this paper summarizes recent advances and new knowledges, comments on the phylogenetic studies based on the cladistic analysis
陸生植物的起源和演化是地球生命中的重大事件，它影響到地球上所有的其他生命和全球環境。在過去的20年中，從中奧陶世歷經整個志留紀至早泥盆世的巖層中，化石植物微化石和大化石的新發現改變了人們對陸生植物起源的認識，並且為陸生植物和維管植物早期演化分異提供了基部類群分化的時間框架。據此人們識別出地史中的3個陸生植物的時代：始胚植物時代始維管植物時代和真維管植物時代。 -
The paper begins with the past and present development situation of china graduate education and then analyses the inevitability of sharing the graduate education cost. it introduces evolvement of the sharing education cost mechanism and the tuition policy and compares the sharing mechanism and tuition policy with different countries at different time. it also introduces and analyses some important theories of sharing graduate education cost mechanism and the tuition policy, with the current research results and from economics and demotics viewpoint it concludes the payment capability rules and profit capability rules of sharing mechanism which is to conduct establishing the policies of tuition and investment of education
論文從中國研究生教育發展的歷史和現狀出發，分析了研究生教育成本分擔的必要性；並對研究生教育成本分擔機制與學費政策的歷史演變作了介紹，比較了不同時期國內外的分擔機制和學費政策；介紹並分析了研究生教育成本分擔機制和學費政策的幾個重要理論依據，借鑒現有的研究成果，從經濟學和社會學的角度，歸納出分擔機制的支付能力原則和收益能力原則，用以指導學費政策及其他教育投入政策的制定。 -
Based on the past results, seismic behavior of r. c. frame structure with special - shaped column is studied, according to the members to the structure in sequence in this paper. the main contents are as follows aspects : first of all, aiming at the characteristics of special - shaped column, various control parameters including allowable value of drift angle, axial load ratio etc, are studied
本文在前人研究成果的基礎之上，就鋼筋混凝土異形柱框架結構的抗震性能，按照從構件到結構的順序展開研究，主要內容如下：第一，針對異形柱的特點，對影響結構抗震性能的主要參數，如層間位移角、軸壓比等進行研究。 -
Plant endemism is the key problem in floristic study. analysis of endemism in a flora has significant implications in demonstrating floristic richness and diversity, the relationship between plants and their environment, and also in conserving biodiversity of the flora. in view of the situation that most of the past studies on endemism were qualitative, this study is the first tentative approach to the introduction of quantitative indices to the analysis of floristic endemism, with an purpose to push the study of endemism from qualitative to quantitative. four quantitative indices are introduced, i. e. level of endemism ( l ), coefficient of endemism ( c ), degree of endemism ( d ) and general index of endemism ( a ). mathematical formulae have been given to each of the above indices and explanations for them have been presented, and the scope of their use in floristic studies has been delimited and exemplified in this paper. the result shows that they are of good applicability. the proposed indices embody full information of plant systematics and plant geography. with the aid of qualitative analysis, the application of the proposed indices will improve the comparability and precision of endemism study in floristics
過去有關特有現象的研究主要限於定性的分析，可比性和精確性較差.該文嘗試引入特有現象的定量化指標，以推動特有現象的分析研究從定性水平向定量水平邁進.所引入的4種定量化指標分別是：特有水平、特有系數、特有度以及特有綜合指數.對每種量化指標都給出了數學表達式，說明了其區系學意義，例證和界定了這些指標在植物區系分析中的應用，結果表明，它們有良好的適用性.這些指標充分地包含了植物系統學和植物區系學的信息.結合定性分析，這些指標的應用將增強植物區系研究的可比性，使植物區系特有現象的分析達到更精確的水平 -
The problem is critical since, in the classical chinese corpus developed by academic sinica in the past 14 years, there are more than 9, 600 chinese characters without appropriate codes. in this paper, we present a database of chinese graphemes through which the structure of any missing characters as well as their attributes can be represented
目前，對于繼承漢文化的地區來說，缺字問題已是一個共同的夢魘，凡是遇到漢字的人名、地名、史料等等，都有相當嚴重的缺字問題；所以，缺字問題已是一個國際性大家都關心的問題。 -
In this paper, the inverse operator method ( iom ) is described, which has been developed in the past decade. this paper introduces the basic thought of method, steps as well as crucial technology
本文詳細介紹了近年來發展起來的逆算符理論，闡述了逆算符方法的基本思想，步驟以及關鍵技術。 -
The argentine - born winger has been in contract talks with the old lady, but had already made it clear in the past that he wanted a larger paypacket before putting pen to paper on a new agreement
阿根廷出生的邊鋒已經和老夫人開始了續約談判，但是他已經明確表示如果薪水沒有增加，他是不會在新合同上簽字的。 -
The pedosphere offers human beings and other terrestrial organisms resources and environment for survival and development. the paper elaborates the definition of soil environmental quality and the evolution process over the past 100 years. focusing on the analysis of factors influencing the evolution of soil environmental quality, some pollution prevention measures are put forward
闡述了土壤環境質量的定義以及近百年來的土壤環境質量的演變，著重分析了土壤環境質量演變的諸多影響因素，並提出了土壤污染防治的對策。 -
On the basis of the past schemes, new classifications of pyroclasts and the petrographic as well as the petrogenetic classification of pyroclastic rocks are proposed in this paper
中國學者提出的火山碎屑巖分類時間較早，有自己特色，在一定的范圍得到了應用。 -
This paper expounds the development and variation of the forestry science ， forest and forestry neally in past two cen turies the forestry science in itself goes through a transformation from traditional forestry science to modern forestry s cience. the modern forestry science, with the object of studying the establishment ， manageme nt and exploitation of the forestry ecosystem and the core of developing the eco logical environinent functi on of the forestry ecosystem ， is a subject that takes an overall play to the mul tiple benefits and function of forest. the cognition of forest also undergoes a variation from a single tree to trees g roup and still to forest ecosystem due to the deep alteration of the understand ing of forestry science and forest ， people begin changing their understanding of forestry from a central for m of timber utilizing which formed for a long time to a form that takes developi ng the ecological environment function of forestry ecosystem as its core and fo cal point ， and takes an overall play to the ecological ， economical and social function of forestry as its leadi ng thought and aim ， so as to realize the sustainable development of forestry
論述了林學、森林與林業近兩個多世紀以來的發展和變化.林學經歷了由傳統林學向現代林學的轉變.現代林學是以森林生態系統的營建、經營管理和利用為研究對象，以發揮森林生態系統的生態環境功能為核心，全面發揮森林的多種效益和多種功能為目的的學科.對森林的認識也經歷了由單株樹木到樹木群體到森林生態系統的變化.由於對林學及森林認識的深刻變化，人們對林業的認識也就從長期形成的以木材利用為中心，轉變到以發揮森林生態系統的生態環境作用為核心和重點，全面發揮森林的生態、經濟和社會功能作為林業的指導思想和目標，以實現林業的可持續發展 -
In this paper, on the basic theories foundation study of summary people of the past, aiming directly at whether the shelter forest can deposit the sand and how powerful it can. we select the oasis in ulan buh desert as the study plot, and study the function of the shelter forest reduce the " sand " and " dust ". we draw the following conclusion. first, in the fixed and semifixed sand lands, which grow the natural sand - binding plants, the coverage of plant in the fixed and semifixed sand land is 26. 4 % and 10. 3 %, respectively, the amount of sand drift decrease 93. 38 % and 81. 91 % comparing with the migratory sand land which have no plant coverage in the same wind speed and the range of 0 - 40cm above the ground
本文以前人的研究為基礎針對「防護林體系是否有降解作用，有多大的降解作用」這一問題以烏蘭布和沙漠邊緣的防護林體系為研究對象，研究了防護林體系對「沙」 、 「塵」的降解作用，得出以下結論： （ 1 ）在距離地表0 - 40cm范圍內，同一風速下生長有天然固沙植物，植被蓋度分別為26 . 4 、 10 . 3的固定、半固定沙地上，地表起沙量分別比無植被生長的流動沙地降低了93 . 38 、 81 . 91 。 -
I judged that that piece of paper meant that miss sophia was to meet harney somewheres at half - past two and run off ; and i judged i ought to told her father about that paper and the curious way she acted, and then maybe he would a locked her up, and this awful mess wouldn t ever happened
我尋思起來，我原本應該把這張紙片的事以及她行動的怪異之處告訴她父親的。這樣，他父親也許會把她關在房間里不許出來。這么一來，這多麼可怕的災禍就根本不會發生。 -
Abstract using the data of stock ' s weekly return within the past 52 months in shanghai stock market, this paper calculated the beta coefficient of sampled stocks, and based on these, analyzed its characteristic in different industries, stability, and manifestation in both bearish market and bullish market
本文通過對上海證券市場所選樣本股票52個月的周收益率進行計算，得到了樣本股的系數，並在此基礎上對系數在行業分佈上的特徵、穩定性以及在熊市牛市中的表現進行了研究。 -
This paper reviews the development of the membrane bioreactors and bioconversion during the past few years, and points out the prospect of future development in this field
本文綜述了膜生物反應器與生物轉化在過去幾年的研究發展狀況，並對未來的研究趨勢進行了展望。 -
This paper gives an introduction of the developing history of chigo air - conditioner ltd co. and has reviewed the past some years at first
本文首先介紹了志高空調股份有限公司的發展歷史，接著回顧了志高公司在過去若干年來的經營狀況及其在中國空調業中的地位。 -
On the basis of the theory of disciplinarity, the paper surveys the past and the present situation of the development of archives discipline in china, and dissertates the achievements and the deficiencies in the construction of archives discipline, and puts forward some feasible suggestions on the development of archives in terms of discipline knowledge, principal academic researchers and the criteria of the research on the discipline and so on
摘要該文以學科規訓理論為指導，審視了我國檔案學科發展的現狀，論述了檔案學科建設中的成就與不足，並從學科知識與規訓制度的角度對檔案學科的建設與發展提出了意見。 -
Hkea past paper additional mathematics long quest 98 - 02
實用文寫作第二版啟思出版社 -
Improving the management and utilization of past paper journals in university libraries
關于加強高校圖書館紙型過刊管理和利用的思考 -
All lecture notes are available in html and pdf formats. in addition, past paper assignments are given, and an interesting set of websites related to philosophy are in related resources
所有的課程提要都有html與pdf兩種格式可供閱覽，並加上過去指派的作業題目以供參考，此外，在相關資源一欄則搜集了一些與哲學相關的網頁，可為課程內容的延伸。
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