practical load 中文意思是什麼
practical load
解釋
實用載荷-
The mechanical behavior of articular cartilage is essential for the research of movement mechanism, load carrying capacity and pathology of diarthrosis and has great significances and practical values for the treatment and diagnosis of arthropathy as well as the development of artificial articular materials
關節軟骨力學行為的研究對動關節的運動機制、承載能力和病理研究等至關重要，對關節病的治療、臨床診斷以及人工關節材料的研製具有十分重要的理論意義和實用價值。 -
During the previous analysis of asphalt pavement structure with cracks, the stress intensity factors were usually calculated approximatively using plane strain model for some limitation. however, the assumptive load of this model is not coincident to the practical load
在以往分析含裂縫的瀝青路面結構時，由於條件的限制，通常是假設瀝青路面結構近似為一平面應變模型，但是這種模型所假設的荷載與實際作用的荷載有較大的區別。 -
In single pylon cable stayed bridges, and cable stayed bridges without backstays, when the bottom of the tower bears the moment from the dead load, it is concluded that non - symmetric configuration of pile cluster corresponding to the upper structure is more practical than symmetric configuration of pile cluster
當獨塔斜拉橋、無背索斜拉橋等橋梁塔底永久作用有彎矩時，與完全對稱的基礎形式相比較，和上部結構相協調的不對稱基礎形式更加適用。 -
The paper is based on innumerable practical heavy - load road data, deliberate heavy - load standard in detail through theoretical arithmetic, and bring heavy - load standard about cement concrete pavement and asphalt concrete pavement separately ; in the meantime, through a large quantity of cement concrete pavement stress calculation, the paper puts forward relation expression between load on concrete board and stress level under board ; meanwhile, the paper puts forward traffic classification about cement concrete pavement and asphalt concrete pavement ; through bearing board testing on each structure sheaf the paper finds the material modulus gets modified ; through comparing position equivalent rebound modulus to theoretical equivalent rebound modulus, the paper points out limitation of nomograph in course of cement concrete pavement design, whereby, puts forward modifier formulas about theoretical equivalent modulus
本文以大量的重載道路資料為主，從實際出發，結合理論計算，對重載標準進行了詳細的討論，分別給出了水泥混凝土路面與瀝青混凝土路面的重載標準了；同時，通過大量的水泥混凝土板底應力計算，推導出了混凝土面板荷載與板底應力水平的關系式；給出了水泥混凝土路面與瀝青混凝土路面的交通分級；通過對試驗路各結構層進行承載板測試，發現現有材料模量較以前有了明顯的提高；對比現場實測的當量回彈模量與理論當量回彈模量，指出現有水泥路面設計中的諾謨圖不能完全符合現有道路材料，從而提出了對理論模量的修正公式。 -
Meanwhile, by using delaminating combination finite element method and macro finite element analysis methods, the paper present two kinds of analysis programs. based on the aforementioned analysis program, the failure form, distribution of plastic hinge, load - carrying capacity, displacement and ductility characteristics are investigated to reveal the failure mechanism and the failure proceeding under seismic effects. the results are in good agreement with the test results, indicating the precision of the aforementioned two programs is satisfiable to the practical engineering design
分別採用分層組合式有限元和宏觀有限元分析方法，編寫了2種鋼筋混凝土中高帶邊框柱剪力墻結構的彈塑性有限元分析程序，同時利用上述2種分析程序，研究了模型結構的破壞形態、塑性鉸的分佈、承載力、位移及延性性能等特性，探討了這類結構在地震作用下的破壞全過程與破壞機理，得到其主要受力特性和抗震性能的一般規律，所得結果與試驗值吻合較好，表明上述2種程序分析結果的精度均可滿足實際工程的設計要求，因此可用於這類結構的抗震性能分析與設計。 -
In this paper, the practical model for calculation torsion is set up in algor feas, which is 3 - d girder element model with rigid arms. the model is better used to calculate the effect of deviation load
本文在algorfeas中建立了一種計及扭轉的實用模型?帶剛臂的三維梁單元模型，用此模型能較好地計及荷載偏載效應。 -
So the topic for farther discussion will be developed on the ground of soil - foundation - structure interactions, and em phasizes particularly on the investigation for dynamic effects on interaction of pile - supported structures subjected to lateral seismic load at layered - soil media. it will provide engineering application with practical and concise computational method, but also provides the aseismatic design for pile - supported structures with proper theory foundations and schemes to some extent on condition that definite codes are absent at present. the full article is divided into six chapters, as follows : 1
本論文工作將圍繞地基-基礎-上部結構共同作用這一課題作進一步探討，側重於水平地震作用下層狀地基土中的樁基-建築物的動力相互作用的研究，為實踐應用提供了適合於工程目的的、比較簡捷的實用計算方法，亦擬為沒有明確規范指導的樁（土）基礎-結構抗震設計提供一定的理論依據和設計建議。 -
The basic theory and step of whole process analysis of reinforced concrete beam section flexural rigidity is stated, the realization program is worked out and the academic example is analyzed. 4. based on the static - state load test result of two practical projects, the application of the reinforced concrete beam system bridge structure disease examination and structure damage evaluation method is stated, and satisfaction result is gained
1 、綜述了當前混凝土橋梁結構檢測及損傷識別的各種方法體系，並簡要評價了各方法體系的應用與不足； 2 、論述了基於靜載試驗的梁分段剛度系統識別的基本原理，編制了實現程序，並進行了數值算例分析，提出基於本原理的梁橋結構損傷識別與結構評價方法體系； 3 、闡述了鋼筋混凝土梁截面抗彎剛度全過程分析的基本原理和方法步驟，編制了實現程序，並進行了相關算例分析； 4 、結合兩片工程實例梁的靜載試驗，詳述了梁橋結構損傷識別與結構評價方法的應用過程，得到了預期的效果。 -
The main beam of type 4sw - 40 potato digger easily engenders crack or breaking damage in the practical application. therefore, by means of modern test technology, the paper does some research on the vibration of the separating sieve and its influence on dynamic load of the main beam under the condition of laboratory
4sw ? 40型馬鈴薯挖掘機在實際生產中主粱易出現裂紋或斷裂破壞。為此，本文提出在實驗室條件下，利用現代測試技術，就分離篩的振動及其對主梁的動載作用作研究。 -
At last, there is a practical design of gshp - radiant system in a villa in chongqing. the compare of the gas - heater radiant floor system and the gshp radiant floor system indicates that the heating performance coefficient of the gshp is higher than the gas - heater to a large extent. in addition, this united system can use the closed circling water in the underground heat exchanger to remove the surplus heat load in transitional season
通過燃氣熱水器制熱的輻射地板供暖與地源熱泵制熱的輻射地板供暖性能實驗的對比，可以看出地源熱泵的供熱性能系數高於燃氣熱水器，同時在長江中下游地區還可在過渡季節利用閉式循環水吸收土壤冷量對房間進行供冷，提高系統運行的經濟性。 -
The rule of loads and settlement is concluded from numbers of settlement observation points ’ data. and in actual construction, this rule could be used to prevent immediate settlement under the accelerated load, and also, the serious result of the soil destruction could be avoided. at last, a proper method of settlement computing is derived from the identified rules, which can be used to guide the practical construction work, of course, meeting the compulsory standards of the settlement control well
採用逆作法施工，現實地解決了樁、土與筏板接觸面的變形協調關系;通過對樁、土受荷過程的實際測試，得出了樁、土分擔荷載比例和變化過程，從而為樁、土的荷載計算提供實際依據;從設置的大量沉降觀測點中所得到的沉降資料，得出荷載、沉降變化規律，從而指導在實際施工中，防止加載過快而導致速沉，避免由此帶來的土體破壞的嚴重後果;通過沉降規律分析，得出了適用於軟土地區的樁基沉降計算方法，用於指導實際施工，以滿足沉降控制的強制性標準。 -
With its new frame. modern technology, complex information dispose and unique control mode, it embodys an idea which is information centralized and control decentralized. its main advantage is system open and interchange and its frame is so simple that it can decrease producative. cost and maintenance load. as it is a new technology, there are different kind databus standards which adapt to different control area. this papaer firstly introduces field bus ' sframe work, function, type, compares distributed control system and field control system. then it focuses on introducing can protocol and can control chip sja1000 and can interface chip 82c250, at last, it introduces how to set up a typical automatic control model based on can. this model can be used in practical industrial control area and management area by appropriate change
由於現場總線是一門新技術，有各種不同的總線標準和總線形式，它們適用於不同的領域，本論文首先分析現場總線的體系結構、功能、類型，比較集散控制系統與現場總線控制系統的區別，然後集中論述了其中的一種現場總線? ? can總線（ controllerareanetwork ） 。介紹了它的協議規范，並且介紹了現在比較流行的can控制器晶元sja1000和can介面晶元82c250 ，並在此基礎上，組建了一個典型的基於can總線的自動化模塊控制模型，把這個模型進行適當的改動就可以用於實際的工業控制領域和管理領域中。 -
In this paper, the drive theory of the large ratio friction transmission is studied ; a new type elliptical cam wave generator is designed ; the large ratio friction transmission prototype is designed and manufactured ; based on the ansys finite element method software, structure of the elliptical cam is analyzed ; precision index of the manufactured large ratio friction transmission prototype, such as transmission accuracy, least step, stability of the least step, load capacity is measured by the absolute rotary encoder. by analyzing the measurement data and research content, it is think that the new elliptical cam wave generator could overcome a good many problems brought by processing errors, facilitate size precision adjustments, input moment can be achieved in the form of a pure force couple importing ; through this study, " the large ratio friction transmission prototype " could apply in practical engineering basically
本文研究了大速比摩擦傳動的傳動理論;設計了新型橢圓凸輪波發生器，設計製作了大速比摩擦傳動樣機;用軟體ansys對所設計的橢圓凸輪結構進行了有限元分析;用19位絕對式編碼器測試了大速比摩擦傳動機構的傳動精度、最小步距、最小步距的穩定性以及帶負載能力等各項精度指標;對測量數據和研究內容進行了歸納和整理，認為新型橢圓凸輪波發生器克服了加工誤差帶來的諸多問題，新型橢圓凸輪波發生器可以進行尺寸精度調整，能夠達到輸入力矩以純力偶的形式輸入;通過本項研究，基本可以使「大速比摩擦傳動機構」在工程中得以應用。 -
Based on practical project of inspecting, appraising and reinforcing a main heavy factory building, especially its steel crane girder system, of the second steel mill belonging to taiyuan steel & iron corporation, whose technology renovation leads to increase tonnage of many heavy cranes and vertical load of frame - bent structure, first the structure and its members were investigated, inspected, calculated and analyzed, and their reliability was appraised respectively and the strengthening projects or the measures to remedy were given. then, in accordance with the requirement to strengthen the girders under non - stop production, the feasibility of strengthening the crane girders by adding steel diagonal braces underneath the existing girders has been studied by inspecting and evaluating the strengthening effect of the crane girders and comparing with other reinforcing scheme
本文結合太鋼（集團）有限公司第二煉鋼廠主廠房由於生產工藝改造要求，加大多臺重型吊車噸位及bc跨（ 1 ） （ 8 ）軸線框排架各層豎向（設備）荷載后，對廠房結構，尤其鋼吊車梁系統進行檢測鑒定與加固設計的實際工程，首先對廠房結構進行了現場調研、技術檢查、測試以及內力和承載能力的計算與分析（考慮抗震） ，並根據檢測、計算與分析結果，對廠房結構、構件的可靠性進行了評定，並綜合提出鑒定結論和加固處理建議。 -
Taking load uncertainties, infeasibility problem and multiple objection of the reactive power optimization in the radial distribution system into consideration, loads are modeled as fuzzy interval numbers. fuzzy power flow is proposed based on fuzzy interval load for the more practical membership function of line losses rate and maximal voltages offset. this thesis presents multiple objection model of the reactive power optimization considering uncertainties using the fuzzy set theory
對配電網電壓無功優化問題中負荷的非概率性的不確定性問題、多目標問題、約束不可行性問題進行了研究，用模糊區間來描述實際的負荷情況，並用負荷的模糊區間值計算配電網的潮流，得到有功功率損耗和電壓的模糊區間值，使網損率和節點電壓最大偏移量的隸屬函數更接近實際情況；將改進遺傳演算法與模糊集理論相結合，通過求解多目標函數和約束條件的模糊集合的交集，得出網損率和節點電壓最大偏移量最小的最優運行狀態。 -
The relations, such as the tensile strength of extrusion products to extrusion ratio and contents of powder strengthen materials, the practical load of powder extrusion to contents of powder strengthen materials, extrusion ratio and extrusion velocity, were given by this dissertation
論文給出了實驗過程中擠壓製品的抗拉強度與擠壓比、顆粒增強材料含量之間的關系，粉末擠壓所需的實際擠壓力與顆粒增強材料含量、擠壓比、擠壓速度之間的關系等。 -
On the point of system, this paper mainly studies the optimal distribution of load in the machines of irrigation and drainage pumping station, the mathematical model and it ' s solution are studied among the machines in pumping station with two types of axial pump : full regulation or semi - regulation. this paper also studies the problems of the optimal day - operation of pumping station and the economical operation of grading pumping station. at the end, jiangdu pumping station is taken as a practical example to show the theory on economical operation of irrigation and drainage pumping station
本文從系統的觀點出發，以排灌站機組間負荷的優化分配研究為主，分別對全調節和半調節軸流泵兩種泵型的排灌站機組間負荷優化分配的數學模型及其求解方法進行了研究，同時對排灌站最優日運行方式及梯級泵站的經濟運行也進行了初步探索，最後以江都排灌站為例，建立了排灌站經濟運行的實用模型。 -
This system adopts cumulatively autoregressive moving average model [ arima ] of time series method and modified model gm ( 1, 1 ) of grey system, makes a local load forecasting modeling through the integration of the above two models and also preprocesses the daily load during the sudden change of climate, thus greatly improving the forecast accuracy. the practical operation indicates that the model is reasonable and easy to operate with complete function
本系統在經過反復試算后，在演算法上採用了時間序列法的累積式自回歸動平均模型（ arima ）與灰色系統中的gm （ 1 ， 1 ）改進模型，並將兩種模型組合用於該地區負荷預報建模，另外還對氣候急變日負荷進行了預處理，大大提高了預報準確度。 -
Besides, practical load of the ghes varies with time. the variable load of ghes is decomposed as a series of pulse load, and the superimposition principle is employed to obtain the real temperature response of the ghes on basis of the theoretical solutions of a single borehole experiencing a constant heat flux
利用把具有摘要， . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .復雜邊界條件和熱源的問題分解為許多較簡單的問題的方法，把具有多個鉆孔的地熱換熱器溫度場化作許多單孔溫度場的益加，建立了多鉆孔地熱換熱器溫度場亞加模型。 -
However, the strength and deformation are most important property among all the mechanical capabilities of the concrete. with the rapid development of the winter construction, the mechanical performance under low temperature comes to draw people ' s attentions for it has close relationship with the practical load and safety status of the structure under the low temperature.
隨著近年來冬季施工在全國的迅速開展，混凝土在低溫下的力學性能開始受到人們的重視，特別是南水北調西線工程中高寒強震地區的水工結構問題的研究，都與低溫下混凝土的力學性能直接有關，它直接關繫到在低溫下結構的實際承載力以及安全狀況。
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