primary difference 中文意思是什麼

primary difference 解釋
第一差別類
  • primary : adj 1 第一的，最初的，初級的；初等的；基本的；基層的。2 主要的，為首的，第一位的。3 原始的，根本...
  • difference : n. 1. 差異，差別。2. 不和，爭論。3. 【數學】差，差額。4. 【邏輯學】特殊性。vt. 〈罕用語〉區別，使有差別。
  1. Individual difference of pupil figural reasoning strategy in primary school

    小學生圖形推理策略個體差異
  2. The combinatorial separation include selective fragmentized separation, primary election and manual election, magnetic separation, difference speed fragmentized separation and auto - transmission line of msw

    包括選擇性破碎分選、初選與人工手選、磁選、差速式破碎分選和物料自動輸送線。
  3. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  4. The proposals of bigger temperature difference with lower water flow rate and variable primary water flow rate were introduced to reduce the operation cost or primary cost of chilled water system

    摘要詳細分析了大溫差小流量系統方案和一次泵變流量系統方案在空調水系統節能方面的異同。
  5. What is the difference between primary and secondary battery

    一次電池與二次電池有什麼區別？
  6. I find that the difference between male and female teacher is significant on their conception of sustainable development, and the male teachers holds prior opinions. because of different sense on student development and student cognition, primary school teachers are differentiated from other group of teachers ; teachers with secondary school education background are differentiated from teachers with higher education background ; although there is no obvious difference on sustainable development resulted from age difference, there are teaching motives and emotional and physical quality differences in various age groups ; the aspect influenced mostly by age factor is the conception of teaching effectiveness ; school type is not related with the sustainable development of teacher. based on my research, i make the following suggestions to the practical scheme ( the life - long continuous education ) aimed at improving of sustainable development of teacher ' s quality

    第三，通過對來自14所學校的272位教師問卷調查，統計分析發現：因學生發展觀和身心素質不同導致男女教師可持續發展系統水平產生差異，男教師優于女教師；因學生發展觀和學生觀不同導致小學教師與其他學段教師可持續發展系統水平產生差異，小學教師低於其他學段的教師；因學生發展觀和學生觀不同導致中專畢業的教師與其他學歷的教師可持續發展系統水平產生差異，中專畢業的教師與他學歷的教師有差距；雖然不同教齡段的教師可持續發展系統水平差異不顯著，但進一步比較發現，在教學動機和身心素質方面還是有差異的，並且與教齡變化最緊密的是教師的教學效能感；教師可持續發展系統水平與學校類別無關。
  7. The primary study of basement structure and difference of hydrocarbon reservoir in cratonic basin

    克拉通盆地基底結構特徵及油氣差異聚集淺析
  8. Based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics and energy level theory, analyses the primary energy ratio, exergy efficiency and energy level difference of the household gas driven air conditioner at different conditions, and compares them with some other commonly used modes

    摘要運用熱力學第一定律、第二定律和能級分析理論，對戶式燃氣空調各種工況下的一次能源利用系數、 （火用）效率和能級差進行分析，並與幾種常用的方式進行對比。
  9. In the procedure of the implementation of the db155m2ip, we also study the theory and concept of the online dual backup system, the difference between db155m2ip and the online dual backup system, the theory of online, the theory of hot swap between primary system and secondry system, fault upload and the implementation of the system software. after implementation the db155m2ip, we test the performance of the db155m2ip, the hot time between primary system and secondry system, fault upload, fault test, fault location

    在db155m2ip系統的實現過程中，本課題主要研究了雙機熱備份的概念和工作原理; db155m2ip系統和傳統雙機熱備份系統的不同點; db155m2ip系統心跳線的工作原理、主服務系統和從服務系統之間的切換原理和條件、系統出現故障后的一些故障上傳和相應的軟體子系統的實現。
  10. Put forward my proposal about the reformation of the taxation system, as well as the complementary measures, it is the surface that farmers " burden is caused by the primary government who charge farmers excessively, the deep reason is the unbalance developing strategy for national ecnomic and the difference between the city and the rural earea. link theory with the prctising program interal and external, i put forward my proposal to abolish agricultural tax, practice the same taxation, set up land rent system

    過分地掘取農業剩餘的同時，還實行重城輕鄉的公共產品分配政策，造成農村財政呈「缺血」狀態，不得已實行「三提五統」收費制來解決農村公共產品的提供問題，制定製度出發點的錯誤以及制度本身的不完善，造成「三亂」久治不愈；其次，由於行政管理體制改革滯后，機構臃腫，冗員過多；再加上農民反負成本高，反負意識差和農村制度供給的路徑依賴性，造成農民負擔越發沉重，並成為中國許多問題的根源。
  11. The paper analyzes the non - lineal relations of the quantity of heat exchange and water flux of coil exchanger in part - load operating condition, the shortage of deciding the water flux in bypass pipe, the disadvantage that the operating condition of pumps and chiller ca n ' t be met with the load change of the air conditioning system in different operating condition of using pressure - difference bypassing control in primary water pump system. using load control method in the change of the operating condition of primary water pump system can realize that the load change is small and reasonable in the on / off condition of pumps and m m chiller by comparing load control method in primary variable - flow water pump system with pressure - difference bypassing control method, back water temperature control method

    本論文從目前空調工程中使用的變流量水系統入手，研究了盤管換熱器在部分負荷下水流量與換熱量的非線性關系，分析了文獻中介紹的旁通管通流能力選擇的不足之處和一次泵水系統採用壓差旁通控制時，工況轉換不能滿足系統控制要求的缺陷；比較了一次泵變流量水系統中壓差旁通控製法、回水溫度控製法、負荷控製法的精確性，並得出了在一次泵水系統的工況轉換時，採用負荷控製法能使冷水機組及其相應水泵在啟停時的負荷變化范圍較小，更符合建築物的冷量需求，節能效果較好的結論。
  12. In ace ( advanced combat environment, by the creators of the excellent ofp wargames league mod ), the primary difference between hellfires and tows is that you must be almost at a hover to fire a tow ( due to it being wire - guided ), whereas a hellfire can be fired at speeds of up to around 90kph

    在ace （閃點行動的聯盟模式）的模式下，地獄火與陶式導彈的主要區別是，由於陶式導彈是有線制導，你在發射導彈后必須圍著目標盤旋，而地獄火式導彈則可以在航速90公里的情況下發射。
  13. Person 1 : what the ? oh yeah, maybe it ' s a north - south difference, around these parts the primary ingredient is flour

    哦?是嗎，可能南北差異吧，我們這里的甜面醬的主要原料就是麵粉
  14. In the primary school, the disadvantaged group can be roughly divided into five types : poor family and single parent type ; character - difference type ; gender - role type ; disability type ; physical deficiency type

    在學校中，弱勢群體大致分為家庭生活貧困、單親家庭弱勢；性格差異弱勢；性別角色弱勢；能力不足弱勢；生理缺陷弱勢。
  15. The main work and conclusion for this paper is as following : according to the flashover test results of several kinds of iced insulators under positive voltage and negative voltage, this paper obtained : for the single porcelain insulator, the single glass insulator and the composite insulator bridged completely by icicle, the metal cathode ' s strong ability of emission electron is the primary reason that results in the lower negative flashover voltage ; the position difference of the high resistance district in method anode side results in that porcelain insulator cluster and glass insulator cluster have an evident effect of polarity ; when less ice and no icicle at the brim of the sheds, due to numerous non - polar arcs on the composite surface, the effects of polarity of composite insulator was lost using the test method of the average flashover voltage in the freezing period, dc flashover performances were investigated of several insulators with some typical structures and different material

    本文的主要工作和結論如下：在人工氣候室內，根據不同覆冰絕緣子正、負極性下的閃絡試驗結果，得出負極性電弧金屬陰極的強電子發射能力造成了單片瓷、玻璃絕緣子及被冰凌橋接的合成絕緣子有較低負極性冰閃電壓；正極性電弧金屬陽極側產生高電阻區所處位置的差異使得瓷和玻璃絕緣子串具有明顯的極性效應；覆冰較少時，合成絕緣子表面出現數量較多的非極性電弧使合成絕緣子無極性效應。利用覆冰期內平均閃絡電壓的試驗方法，對不同材質和結構的絕緣子在覆冰、低氣壓和污穢共存環境中的直流閃絡特性進行了研究。試驗結果表明，直流平均閃絡電壓隨著海拔的升高、覆冰量的增加以及污穢度的增加而降低，且其特徵指數與絕緣子結構、覆冰量、覆冰狀態、污穢度等有關。
  16. Analysis indicates the " low pressure closed reticular flow region " results in the non - equilibrium of pressure along the primary jet ' s orifice. to obtain as large vectoring angle as possible, the optimal ranges of angles, frequencies, velocity amplitudes, and distances from the microjet actuator to the primary jet exit were discussed. the relationship between the vectoring angle of the primary jet and the phase - difference of two adjacent actuators was analyzed

    分析了「拉」模型單作動器模式下，微射流作動器的入射角度、驅動頻率、速度幅值及與主射流間的距離對主射流偏轉程度的影響，並確定了作動器工作參數的最佳范圍;分析了「拉」模型雙作動器模式下，不同的相位差對主流偏轉程度的影響。
  17. 1 what is the primary difference between short - term memory and long - term memory

    短時記憶與長時記憶的主要區別有哪些？
  18. O the primary difference is that the bills are not paid by readers and hence do not function as access barriers

    法案的主要區別在於，讀者不支付功能，因此沒有進入壁壘
  19. The primary difference between crm and sfa applications and ffa applications in regards to replication is whether or not data is updated by more than one user updates by more than one user can result in conflicts

    Crm和sfa應用程序與ffa應用程序之間在復制方面的主要區別在於數據是否由多個用戶更新（多個用戶的更新可能導致沖突） 。多個用戶更新的數據量取決于數據篩選的程度。
  20. The primary difference between eeprom and flash is the removal of the ability to erase at the byte level

    Eeprom和flash的主要區別是以位元組為單位擦除內存的能力。
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