real present value 中文意思是什麼
real present value
解釋
真實現值-
This text begins with analysis that our country appraises the confusion of the system at present in real example, exposing ontology question of the scientific knowledge in terms of philosophy of science, regarding this as the platform, the text has analysed the concept of the scientific evidence, procedure function of the scientific evidence, studied the value of the scientific evidence, put forward standard that scientific evidence can adopt should be : the scientific knowledge of the basis has validity, relevancy with the factum probanda the method and conclusion have reliability
本文以法官如何審查認定科學證據，限制專家話語權擴張對糾紛解決機制的侵襲為立論平臺，從實證分析我國目前鑒定體制的混亂切入，從科學哲學的角度闡述了科學知識的本體論問題，以此為平臺，分析了科學證據的概念、科學證據的程序功能，研究了科學證據的價值，提出科學證據可採的標準應當是：依據的科學知識具有有效性，與待證事實具有相關性，方法和結論具有可靠性。 -
Secondly, aiming at the shortage of the present study on this problem, this thesis try to make some creative breaks : explain the connotative definition of intermediate business in systematically to benefit this kind of problem to further study ; study the problems of risk aversion and prevention with it ' s development ; evaluate the market risk, the credit risk, investment risk etc. ; try to establish a valid system to evaluate the risk of intermediate business. the main method we used in this thesis to evaluate the risk of intermediate business is var ( value in risk ). at last, study to take some measures which will match the real state of our country to prevent the risk of intermediate business, which will do some good to intermediate business in china " s commercial bank
其次，針對已有研究中的不足和此類問題的研究現狀，本論文力求創新與突破的是：比較系統地對商業銀行中間業務進行界定和研究其發展策略，有利於對此類問題的進一步深化和擴展；從商業銀行中間業務不斷發展的角度來研究風險規避和防範等問題，評估中間業務面臨的市場風險、信用風險、投資風險和管理風險等一系列風險，嘗試建立有效防範中間業務風險的評估體系，本文主要運用var法來評估中間業務的市場風險；探討符合我國國情的商業銀行中間業務風險防範措施，以期對我國商業銀行中間業務的發展有所裨益。 -
It also studies the problem of real option pricing when the underlying assets follow the pure jump poisson, mixed jump - diffusion merton and mean - reversion model, and obtains the price formula or partial differential equation to price and hedge the real option. when the value of real option can not separate from the value of project, or the uncertainties are endogenous to real option holder, it is difficult to pricing the real option by the ways of no - arbitrage. in this paper we present a approach named valuation with comparison, its basic point is to value the project or program with flexibility by means of decision tree analysis ( dta ) and stochastic dynamic programming ( sdp ), and the results are compared with that of non - flexibility, finally,
當實物期權的價值不能從項目價值中分離出來，或者影響基本資產價格的不確定性內生於期權的持有者時，此時實物期權的價值一般難以直接利用無套利方法得到，本文通過對現有文獻進行歸納，提出一種比較定價法，其基本要點是利用決策樹、動態規劃法或二叉樹模型等技術來確定嵌有柔性的項目或方案的價值，然後將其與沒有柔性的項目或方案進行比較，從而獲得各種柔性的價值，作為這種方法的一個應用，本文研究了柔性勞動合約的設計與定價問題，研究表明，對企業重要員工採用長期勞動合約，而對一般員工採用短期合約可以節約勞動力使用成本。 -
The article gets description of bpr and set up process ' s idef mode by analyzing present product development process. the article uses method asme to analyze the time spent on every process and find out the non - value - added action in the process. this article uses method abc to calculate process ' s real expenditure and design a new process on this base
通過分析現有產品開發流程，得出了開發流程的描述，並建立了流程的idef模型；使用asme方法，定量分析了各個活動消耗的時間，發現了流程中的非增值活動；使用作業成本法，計算了流程的實際費用，在此基礎上設計了新的流程。 -
As for the numericial mthods we present a method using newton iteration and lp ( lift - projection ) iteration to slove inverse real symmetric eigenvalue problems. then wo can choose any starting points, then wo can get good starting value for the purpose of the preconditioning the numerical examples show the method is efficient and available
對于數值演算法，將lp迭代和一般的newton迭代法結合起來求解含參變量的實對稱矩陣特徵值反問題， lp迭代預處理了newton迭代法的初始值，拓寬了newton迭代法初始值的選取范圍，數值例子也說明lp ? newton法具有較高的效率和實用性。 -
The research of human resource value measure models of this paper has very important theoretical meaning and realistic significance. under the guidance of marxian labor valve theory and occident human capital theory and element distribution theory, this paper aims at the high science & technology software development enterprise and designs model systems of human resource group value and individual value measuring, which not only adhere the traditional accounting principle, but also combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis. in detail, it is organized as follows : ( 1 ) according to some defects of the available value measuring models, this thesis brings forward 4 innovative trains of thought : adopts the method that combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, and establishes the new measuring basis that contain human resource the present period input cost and realized value, and defines the high - grade human resource as the target evaluation group of individual value measuring, as the basis for revealing the real contribution of human resource group firstly and achieving individual value by distributing group value to the target evaluation group in according with the specific rules secondly ; ( 2 ) analyzes the constitution of human resource value, and comes up with new way of thinking on group value measuring : adopts the historical cost means to calculate human resource group the present period input cost, and rectifies the present period realization value theory of li - shicong professor from accounting angle, and obtains more scientifically the group present period new contribution value, as the basis for structuring the new measuring
首先揭示組織中人力資源群體對企業的真實貢獻，然後再將群體價值以一定的規則分配給目標評估群，從而確認個人價值; （ 2 ）分析人力資源的價值構成，提出新的群體價值計量思路:採用歷史成本法計量群體當期投入成本，並對李世聰教授提出的當期實現價值理論從會計學角度進行了修正，更為科學地確定了群體當期新增貢獻價值，從而構建了全新的人力資源群體價值計量模型; （ 3 ）分析個人價值的影響因素及其關系，提出新的個人價值計量思路:運用層次分析法獲得目標評估群在群體當期新增價值中的權重，確定高級人力資源當期所創造的貢獻份額;基於崗位相對權重和個人崗位績效評估值這兩個關鍵指標，將層次分析法和關聯矩陣法結合起來，計算個人貢獻價值系數，確定某個體在目標評估群中的權重，從而構建了全新的人力資源個人價值計量模型; （ 4 ）選取了一家人力資本含量較高的it公司，將所構建的理論模型在該公司進行了實證檢驗，驗證了模型體系在實務中的科學性與可操作性，從而在一定程度上豐富了人力資源價值計量理論，推動了人力資源會計與現行會計核算體系的接軌。 -
From the broad definition of option, this paper derives the concept of real option. further, based on theories of net present value, decision tree, and real options, the risk - neutral pricing theory is introduced
本文從廣義的期權定義中引出實物期權的概念，從凈現值、決策樹和實物期權的比較著手，引入風險中性定價理論。 -
These are the conclusions : ( 1 ) the regulation on security issuance protects the present interest of the noise traders, weakens the arbitrage power of the issuers on the primary market, creates the living space for the noise traders, and assists them to expel or assimilate the value investors on the market, and finally become the dominators of the market. ( 2 ) to improve the structure of the market investors and to develop the blue chip stocks are the important premises to realize " the highly unification of the development, standardization and tolerance of the chinese stock market ", and to realize the smooth regression of the stock prices to their real value
本文的結論是： （ 1 ）證券發行管制保護了噪聲交易者利益，削弱了一級市場發行方的套利力量，創造了噪聲交易者的生存空間，推動了噪聲交易者對價值投資人的驅逐和同化，使噪聲交易者主導市場； （ 2 ）改善投資人結構和增加大盤蘭籌股是實現中國股市「發展、規范與市場承受能力高度統一」 、以及股票價格向價值平穩回歸的重要條件。 -
Is a value containing the physical address of a page along with associated bits indicating, for example, that the entry is valid and the related page is present in real memory
） ，該值包含某頁的物理地址，還包含了說明該條目是否有效及相關頁是否在物理內存中的位。 -
At present we already use tradition method ( non - linearity parameter estimate method -, logarithm coordinate graph explain method and surplus analysis method ) ascertain measure area ' s every element ' s background value and abnormity lower limit, manage result is difference between real data. this article use fractal method ' s sum arithmetic ascertain geochemistry abnormity. by the contrast of these two arithmetic and abnormity graph, we think receive better effect
目前可用傳統的方法（非線性參數估計法、對數坐標圖解法和剩餘分析法）確定測區各元素的背景值和異常下限，處理結果與實際資料有一定差異。本文用分形技術中的求和演算法來確定地球化學元素的異常下限，實踐證明，其處理結果具有較好的效果。 -
There are kinds of risk factors in the course of the real estate investment, the final result is the departure if the risk events take place and it is the investor ' s concerned matter in deed. in order to embody the investor ' s concerned matter at the risk measurement, the author introduces semi - variation, the probability of net present value less than zero and the risk loss and uses these indices to measure the risk of real estate investment
房地產投資過程中風險因素眾多，各類風險事件發生所造成的最終結果是投資的實際收益與預期收益發生偏差，而投資者真正關心的也正是收益能否實現的問題，因此，本文將房地產投資風險的度量直接體現在投資者關心的問題上，用半方差、凈現值小於零的概率、風險損失值等指標來量化投資風險。 -
Atter neariy twellty years developmeflt, overcame cou11tless dit1iculties, the output value of our domestic real estate has tlccounted tbr 4 % of gdp at present. the achievemel1t is obvious to al1. but in col11parison with alien counterpart which usually accounts tbr l ( ) % of gdp, contrast emerged up
我國房地產業經過近二十年的發展，沐風瀝雨，如今行業產值已佔到gdp比重的4 ，發展不可謂不快，但與國外房地產業產值一般佔gdp比重的10相比，差距亦十分明顯。 -
At present, the demand forecasting of natural gas mostly adopts branch energy intensity model method. this method uses energy intensity and the real energy value to produce sum
目前國內外對天然氣的需求預測多採用部門能源強度模型法，此種方法根據各部門能源的實際值，乘以能源強度再求和。 -
In thes paper, we set up a risk quantiative appraisal system for the scientific risk management of the real estate invesbent whih is based on the probability theory, mathematial statistics and fmancial anaiysis theorythis system developes the application of the probability theory and mathematical statishcs to the risk appraisal on the base of current risk appraisal methods. what ' s more, in orde to filfulthe need of prachcal application, we create a set of risk - fmance index models in whih we analyze five kinds of twortant risk in the real estate investinen from their orighs, such as the general price fluctuation risk, the markt risk, the interest rate risk, the operation risk and the decision risk. ih the system, standard deviation of the npv ( net present value ) is uesed as the quantitative index of the singe risks and the whole risk. in addition, we connect the system with risk avoiding tactics in the risk managemen of a proect. all these provide a decision basis for risk management
本文應用概率論、數理統計、財務分析等理論為房地產投資風險的科學管理建立了一套風險定量評價系統。該系統是在現有的風險評價方法的基礎上，將概率論和數理統計的理論在風險評價中的應用進一步深化。並結合房地產投資的實際，從風險形成的原因出發，針對其中影響較大的幾類風險像利率風險、物價風險、行業風險、經營風險、決策風險，建立了一套風險- - -財務指標評價模型，運用凈現值的標準差這一指標將房地產投資所面臨的個體風險和整體風險定量化，同時與項目風險管理中的風險規避策略有機地結合在一起，為房地產投資的風險管理提供了決策的依據。 -
Some calculating models about net present value method ( npv ), which is widely applied, are given. a comparison between npv method and real options method is made, and the disadvantages of npv method are analyzed
對應用最為廣泛的凈現值法（ npv ） ，給出了在多種狀況下的計算方法，並將它與實物期權方法進行了對比，指出了傳統npv法的不足。 -
We value a venture capital project by net present value approach and real option approach, and find that the value of compound growth option is maximal
我們採用傳統凈現值法和實物期權方法對某一風險投資項目價值進行計算，並摘要. . -
In addition, the differences between the real options approach and the traditional net present value method are also discussed
此外，本研究對于實質選擇權方法與傳統凈現值方法間之差異予以討論。 -
Analysis result of the definite value analysis method used in the project at present does n ' t correspond to the steady real work state of slope, it ' s income safety coefficient and real security competence of slope stabilize exists certain error. because definite value analysis method neglects influence to engineering structure of random existing of the effect of loading ( slippery moment ) and resists strength ( resist the slippery moment )
目前工程中使用的定值分析方法由於忽略了荷載效應（滑動力矩）及抗力（抗滑力矩）計算中各要素實際存在的隨機性質對工程結構安全性的影響，所以分析結果與邊坡穩定的實際工作狀態不符，所得安全系數與真正的邊坡穩定安全性水平之間存在一定的誤差。 -
This research main content is take our country present stage countryside public service supplies pattern vicissitude prospect as a carrier, take the politics theory as the philosophy foundation, take the marxism theory of the state as the instruction, using the real diagnosis research, the literature research and the flexible research unifies the method, holds the massive realistic materials for the foundation, take the public service supplies way as the master line, systematically discussed our country countryside public service supplies pattern characteristic, the function, the history evolved, the reform value orientation, the way selection principle, the safeguard mechanism as well as the supplies pattern innovation concrete strategy choice
本項研究的主要內容是以我國現階段農村公共服務供給模式的變遷圖景為載體，以政治學理論為哲學基礎，以馬克思主義國家學說為指導，運用實證研究、文獻研究和權變性研究相結合的方法，在佔有大量現實資料的基礎上，以公共服務供給方式為主線，系統地探討了我國農村公共服務供給模式的特點、作用、歷史演變、改革的價值取向、路徑選擇原則、保障機制以及供給模式創新的具體策略選擇。 -
The third part analyses the internal resources of the real estate development corporations through applying value chain theory. the last part introduces the present condition of the real estate development corporations, and discusses four methods cultivating the core competence of the real estate development corporations. this thesis has the conclusion through the analyses above, which is that in the condition of market economics the real estate development corporations must draw up strategies based on the enterprise ' s resources and pay attention to the cultivation of the core competence
全文分為四個部分：第一部分在介紹核心競爭力理論的基礎上，主要是對房地產開發企業核心競爭力基本概念的闡述；第二部分是從宏觀和微觀兩個層次對房地產開發企業外部環境的分析，其中微觀環境的分析主要包括產業結構和市場需求兩個方面；第三部分藉助價值鏈理論對房地產開發企業的內部資源進行分析；第四部分則是在房地產開發企業現狀分析的基礎上，提出培養核心競爭力的四個主要途徑，分別是：打造客戶本位的價值理念；加強人力資源管理；戰略資源整合能力的強化；激發企業創新能力。
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