runoff process 中文意思是什麼
runoff process
解釋
徑流過程-
Based on studying of the unequal rainfall in space - time and the asymmetry physical geography parameters in space, which can influence the process of the runoff, this paper puts forward a sort of slope conflux and watercourse conflux simulating model based on grid, and that gains flux at random time and grid in basin
本模型針對降雨時空分佈不均勻與下墊面自然地理參數空間分佈不均勻，對產匯流形成過程的影響，提出了一種基於柵格的坡面產匯流與河道匯流的數值模擬模型。 -
And the major results and some new viewpoints were presented as follow : 1 ) sediment content of cn tillage system in runoff process is substantially low compared to st under rainfall with high intensity, showing cn bear the efficient capacity of control soil loss. nevertheless, when soil is saturated, the runoff intensity of both tillage systems is near, implicating cn has the limited function of reducing runoff. 2 ) based on the case analysis of observed all rainfall - runoff generation processes, a ) the initiation time hysteresis of surface runoff generation is notable when rainfall fall upon the unsaturated purple soils, which is attributed to the property of rapid water sorption and much non - capillary porosity
經近幾年的觀測和理論分析，取得了以下結果和創新的認識： 1 ）在降雨強度較大的情況下，保護性耕作制? ?聚土免耕的產沙強度明顯較常規耕作制? ?順坡耕作的小，說明聚土免耕耕作制防治土壤流失是有效的；但當土壤達到飽和后，聚土免耕的徑流強度與常規耕作的差異較小，產沙強度也增大，因此，聚土免耕防治水土流失的能力是有限的。 -
Study on automatic measuring system of basin soil erosion and runoff process
流域土壤侵蝕及徑流過程自動測量系統研究 -
In order to calculate quantitatively the process of rainfall - runoff, the css model of zhang cha catchment is developed based on epa ’ s swmm ( storm water management model ) in this paper. and then calculate cso spill water quality 、 spill volume and spill time at different intercepting ratio using the developed swmm, and analyze the effect on them by intercepting ratio
為了實現上述降雨?徑流過程的定量計算，本文引入美國環保局的城市暴雨水管理模型（ swmm ）建立了佛山市張槎排水區的合流制排水系統模型，使用該模型計算了不同截流倍數時溢流污水的水質、水量以及溢流時間，並分析了截流倍數對它們的影響。 -
As an important component in hydrological process, forest vegetation influences critically the spatial distribution of hydrological fluxes such as precipitation, evapo - transpiration, and runoff
摘要森林植被層作為水文環境要素，對降水、蒸散和徑流等水文通量在空間上的分佈特徵有著重要的影響作用。 -
The paper studies on two different vegetation type areas in jingyun mountain in chongqing city, which are broadleaved forests ( gordinya svchuanensvs ) and bamboo ( phyllostachys edulis ) forests. by contrasting the surface runoff and underground runoff in these two areas, the results showed that, with the same precipitation, the gross amount of runoff in bamboo forests was larger than that in broadleaved forests and the runoff in bamboo forests appeared before that in broadleaved forests. the amount of underground runoff was larger than that of surface runoff in the two areas, the process of surface runoff was in accordance with that of underground runoff
該文以重慶市縉雲山的兩個不同植被類型常綠闊葉林（四川大頭茶）和楠竹林小區為研究對象，對小區中典型降雨後的地表徑流、地下徑流的實測資料進行對比分析.結果發現在相同降雨條件下，楠竹林的地表徑流量與地下徑流量明顯要比常綠闊葉林的大，楠竹林地表徑流和地下徑流出現的時間也比常綠闊葉林早;兩種植被的地表徑流與地下徑流過程具有一定的相似性，地下徑流量都比地表徑流量大 -
In the paper, we firstly acknowledge the characteristic of rainfall kinetic energy and runoff energy, current state and the development of erosion dynamic process by consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literature datum. on the basic, we systemically coordinated the eroded datum of runoff plots of soil and water conservation stations at xifeng, tianshui, suide, and chunhua et al
本文首先在查閱了大量國內外文獻資料，全面了解降雨動能與徑流能量的特性及侵蝕動力過程等方面的研究現狀及最新進展的基礎上，系統整理了西峰、天水、綏德及淳化泥河溝等水土保持試驗站的徑流場侵蝕資料。 -
In addition, the weibull distribution is applied on the quest the regional space runoff rate. analytical expressions are presented for describing runoff over heterogeneous surface basis on physical mechanism of land surface hydrological process and by means of the statistics distribution theory. simulation test results show stochastic - dynamics method for the parameterization scheme of regional runoff over heterogeneous surface is creditable
文章還利用這種分佈模式（ weibull ）擬合區域的降水在地表的空間分佈型，並將此（中尺度區域）地表徑流區域內所代表的瞬間徑流率考慮為降水在地表的分配與地表（土壤）層水分吸收過程的余項。 -
For this reason, our objective is the research of the mechanism of runoff generation and characteristics of moisture changing process of slope farming purple soil, accordding to the theory of hydrology and the intergrated - means of compined the hydrology with the peodology, because it is the basis of the studies : soil erosion and protection, farming - land water balance, non - point pollute, etc., and the direction gist of runoff arrange implement, solving water hazard and management of irrigation and fertilizer
綜觀國內外有關研究，我們認識到對紫色土土壤產流和水分變化特徵的認識，是認識該區土壤侵蝕與保護、農田水量平衡、非點源污染等的機理和規律的基礎，也是解決該區水患問題、實施徑流調節而提高旱地的雨水利用程度，以及水肥管理等的基本科學依據。因此，以水文學原理為基礎，採取水文學與土壤學、地理學、水土保持學等相結合的途徑，研究紫色土坡耕地的降雨產流機制與產流後土壤水分的變化特徵，是具有新的科學價值和現實意義的。 -
The hillslope erosion processes include soil separation, sediment transport and sediment precipitate, which these three process result from the rainfall splash erosion and runoff erosion. to study and analyze the happening and developing conditions of hydraulic, soil and terrain, and the mechanisms of transitions and influences of these processes each other is the prerequisite to set up physical model of soil erosion
坡面侵蝕過程包括降雨濺擊和徑流沖刷引起的土壤分離、泥沙輸移和沉積3大過程，研究和分析這些過程發生、發展的水力、土壤、地形條件以及各過程間相互轉化、相互影響的機理，是建立土壤侵蝕物理模型的前提條件。 -
Effect of spatial precipitation heterogeneity on runoff process
降水空間不均勻性對徑流過程模擬的影響 -
On the platform of digital basin derived from raster dem data, - a grid - based hydrological model and a subcatchment - based hydrological model were used to study the effects of spatial variability on runoff process on such aspects as precipitation, model parameters and soil evaporation
在構建的數字流域平臺基礎上，建立分別基於子流域離散和柵格離散的數字水文模型，從而分析研究降水、模型參數和土壤蒸發的空間不均勻性對模擬水文過程的影響。 -
The parameter in the xin ' anjiang model, imp, was extracted directly from above land use / cover data. another parameter, sm, in each subcachment and in each raster grid was obtained from the relation between sm and the ratio of forest land area to subcatchment area. thus, a semi - distributed hydrological model and a distributed hydrological model were established to analyze the effect of some parameters in xin ' anjiang on runoff process according to the spatial variability of land surface characteristics
將遙感技術獲取的土地利用和地表覆蓋一公里柵格信息與數字高程模型數據進行空間配準，然後通過構建林地面積比與新安江模型參數sm的關系間接確定各子流域及各柵格單元的的sm值，新安江模型參數imp由配準好的土地利用和地表覆蓋信息直接提取，由此建立方案與方案，來分析受下墊面覆蓋的空間不均勻性影響的模型部分參數是如何對模擬水文過程產生影響的。 -
The runoff and sediment yield is affected by the process of rainfall and the function of water and soil conservation measurement
棄土場區域內產流受到降雨特徵和水保措施功能發揮的影響。 -
On the development process, the rills were influenced by rainfall runoff on slope, but the sockets were the result of the long - term repetitious action of rainfall and runoff and subsurface flow
在發展過程上，前者受降雨徑流侵蝕作用時間集中；後者是在長期多次降雨形成地面徑流和壤中流侵蝕的共同作用下，逐漸發展起來。 -
The characters of rain, transpiration, underlayer and runoff flow, which determine the basin hydrological process, are affected by nature processes and man ' s activities
決定流域水文過程的四個流域水文特性：降雨特性、蒸發特性、下墊面特性、匯流特性，都受到兩方面因素的影響：自然過程和人類活動。 -
Based on the fractal character of the small watershed topographic feature, the spatial and temporal variation character of sediment yield of the watershed model, the dynamic developing process and fractal character of the topog raphic feature of the watershed model, and the coupling relationship between the sediment yield and the topographic feature of the watershed model are " studied by simulate experiment, fractal theory, high precise photogrammetry and gis technology. the validation research is conducted in chabagou watershed where the observation data of rainfall, sediment and runoff for 11 years is collected. the study provides new theory and method for the topographic feature quantitative research in the prediction model of small watershed sediment yield
本文依據流域地貌形態所具有的顯著分形特徵，從模擬實驗出發，利用分形理論和方法，結合高精度攝影測量和gis技術，對流域模型侵蝕產沙時空變異特徵、地貌形態發育過程及其相應的分形特徵、流域模型侵蝕產沙與地貌形態耦合關系進行了深入研究，並以具有11年降雨泥沙徑流觀測資料的岔巴溝流域為例進行了驗證研究，為實現從單坡面侵蝕產沙模擬、預報向流域侵蝕產沙模擬、預報轉化過程中地貌形態參數的提取提供了理論和方法，為黃土高原小流域水土流失綜合治理提供了科學實踐依據。 -
Considering that the infiltration capacity curve can ' t express the actual infiltration capacity, the authors develop the surface runoff yield models that combine with the infiltration capacity curve, unstable raining process and antecedent soil moisture in each rainfall or over a duration time
考慮到流域實際的下滲能力，建立了將下滲能力曲線、不穩定降雨過程和前期土壤含水量有機聯系起來的流域場（時段）暴雨地表徑流計算模式。 -
Project i, project ii and project iii that are different in processing precipitation data as the input of hydrological model were built to model day hydrograph and flood hydrograph, so as to analyze the effect of spatial precipitation heterogeneity on runoff process
本文建立了雨量輸入處理方法不同的方案、方案和方案三種方案，用這三個方案分別作日流量模擬與洪水過程模擬，來分析降水空間分異性對模擬水文過程的影響。 -
In the condition of being given runoff inflow series of various reservoirs, the optimal decision - making process of cooperating operation of hydropower stations could be obtained through this model. this process could be worked as results of qualitative calculation
在給出水電站群各水庫入庫徑流系列的條件下，可以利用該模型求得水電站聯合調度的最優決策過程，作為確定性優化的計算成果。
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