ship law 中文意思是什麼
ship law
解釋
船舶法-
This thesis is planed to analyze and demonstrate this obligation in detail, and tries to clarify the issues below : 1, the differences in the obligation standards among the carrier, the common carrier and the bailee, and the differences in the obligation standards between care of cargo and making the ship seaworthy ; 2, combined with the cases and shipping practice, solving the problems which is produced in fulfilling the obligation ; 3, with the principle of law, analyzing the character of the responsibility which should assume when the care of cargo obligation is breached ; 4, introducing the provisions about care o f cargo obligation in preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea and expressing my opinions
本文擬對這一義務進行詳細的分析和論證，試圖闡明以下幾個方面的問題： 1 、承運人管貨義務所要求的「妥善和謹慎」的標準與公共承運人、託管人管貨義務的標準的區別，與承運人適航義務的標準「克盡職責」的區別； 2 、結合有關案例和航運實務，分析該條文字面所表述的管貨義務的各個環節在實際運用中的相關問題； 3 、從法理的角度分析違反管貨義務所應承擔的責任的性質； 4 、介紹正在制訂的《海上貨物運輸法》 （草案）中關于承運人管貨義務的規定，並提出自己的意見。 -
From the point of the roles of both the active and negative aspects of the objective rational, this article adopts the theory of law positivism and the method of law economy analysis to discuss the roles and limitation of the meaning of the intention components of causality and the ultimate aim of the objective rational, and the internal economy principles or rules of the shipping economy and trade deduced from the shipping facts and the benthamism, the most avail of the most majority nations, the maximum of the whole avail of both the ship interests and the cargo interests, and the protection and promotion of the development of the shipping economy in the legislation area of the basis of liability of the carriers
摘要從目的理性在消極方面和積極方面作用角度出發，運用法律實證主義理論和法律經濟分析方法，論述了因果方面的目的成分的意義、目的理性的終極目的，以及從航運事實和功利主義所引出的航運經濟與貿易內在經濟法則或規律，最大多數國家的最大效用、船貨雙方整體效用最大化與促進保護航運經濟發展，在承運人責任基礎立法領域中的作用與局限性。 -
American law specifies that if car / motorcycle / motorcar and its parts ( brake hose, car lighting, reflector, brake fluid, tyre and felloe, glass, headgear, paint and chemical coating materials used for traffic means, and so on ), ship, plane, truck, tank truck, electric car, tyre, air - pocket and such products want to come into america for sale and use, they have to get the dot certification
美國法律規定，進入美國銷售和使用的汽車/摩托車/電動車整車及零部件（制動軟管、車燈、反射鏡、制動液、輪胎和輪輞、玻璃、頭盔，用於交通工具的油漆、化工塗料等） 、輪船，飛機，卡車，油罐車，電動車，輪胎，氣囊等產品必須通過美國交通部的dot認證。 -
Presented by mic and md to promote the professional image of the maritime industry, the booth features various service sectors of the maritime cluster in hong kong, including ship finance, ship brokering, ship management, marine insurance, maritime arbitration and maritime law, as well as the job information on md
香港航運發展局與海事處聯手參與展出，目的是推廣航運業的專業形象。展覽攤位會全面介紹香港航運界各行業的詳情，包括船舶融資船務經紀船舶管理海運保險海事仲裁海事法律等，亦會介紹海事處各職級的就業資料。 -
On account of the uncertainty existing in the nonlinear ship responded model, we design a dynamic adaptive ship steering controller by using adaptive backstepping. after deducing the update law of the unknown constant, we choose the controller gains to guarantee the closed loop system and the control signal global boundedness
由於船舶非線性響應模型中含有未知常參數的不確定項，因此採用自適應backstepping的方法，選擇參數自適應調節律，設計動態的船舶航向控制器，實現在線控制。 -
A ship to which this convention applies may, in accordance with international law, be inspected by a member other than the flag state, when the ship is in one of its ports, to determine whether the ship is in compliance with the requirements of this convention
本公約適用的船舶，當其位於除船旗國以外的成員國的某港口時，可根據國際法受到該成員國的檢查以確定其是否符合本公約的要求。 -
The secretary for economic development and labour and chairman of the hong kong maritime industry council, mr stephen ip, today april 19 leads a mic delegation to xiamen to promote hong kong s port and maritime services, including its shipping registry, marine insurance, ship finance, ship - broking and maritime law
經濟發展及勞工局局長率團訪問廈門經濟發展及勞工局局長兼香港航運發展局主席葉澍今日四月十九日率領航運發展局交流團往廈門訪問，推廣香港港口及航運服務，包括船舶注冊海事保險船舶融資船務經紀和海事法律等。 -
Arrest of ship is very important in maritime law. it is often used after maritime disputes occur
海事扣押船舶是海商法中極其重要的一項內容，是出現海事糾紛后被頻繁運用的措施。 -
This article starts with the following aspects to study and solve the following practical problems, 1 the foundation for vessels to keep away from and withstand typhoon the article briefly introduces typhoon ' s weather characteristics, weather structure, number, naming, forming, development and its law of movement. it also discusses the ways and significance for merchant ships to collect in all - round way the information of typhoon and to make spot forecast, doubts the applicability of " barometric daily change correction table ", and puts forward the author ' s view on the judging ways on the ship ' s location in gale circle. this chapter mainly discusses the process of decision - making and the application of technology, brings forward the concepts of the objective, the policy and the ship disaster plan and disaster supply kit. this chapter also approaches the juristical relationship between master and anti - typhoon team leaders, explains the concrete meassures and the keypoit on technological application, and points out the points to be discussed in sector means of typhoon avoidence
船舶避抗臺風基礎本文根據最新資料扼要地介紹了臺風的天氣特徵、天氣結構、編號、命名、形成、發展及其活動規律；討論了民用商船全面收集臺風信息和資料作出船舶現場預報的途徑及其重要意義，對「氣壓日變化訂正表」的適用性提出了質疑，並對船舶在臺風大風圈內所處部位的判定方法提出了自己的見解；本文重點論述了船舶避抗臺風的決策過程和技術應用，提出了船舶避抗臺風的目標、方針和船舶「防抗臺應急包」船舶避臺算機標繪的概念門x討了船k勺公司防抗臺領導小組在船舶防抗臺過甜中的法叫』大系， m述了避抗臺風汀仰拙施和技術的應用要點，井指出了「扇形避離法」的位徘商郴之處。 -
The author thinks that it is necessary to specify the conditions and applicable range of active arrest and that under certain conditions active arrest can be transferred to arrest and reduplicated arrest should be allowed by law so that other creditors " right can be protected while the ship is already under active arrest, thus the equality of laws can be realized
筆者認為，首先有必要對「活扣」的條件和適用范圍進行限制，其次「活扣」在一定條件下可以轉變為「死扣押」 ，再次法律應當允許重復扣押，使其他債權人在船舶已經被「活扣」的情況下的權益能夠得到保護，以利於法律公平原則的實現。 -
The different of claims take the major role in this part. author analyzes the law relationship about arrest and enumerates the causes causing arrest of ship
筆者清晰列出這些變化，對新海事請求的用語的含義進行分析、解釋，以免在實務中因理解差異造成適用法律錯誤。 -
Where a ship in course of building, or the launch of a ship, or any adventure analogous to a marine adventure, is covered by a policy in the form of a marine policy, the provisions of this act, in so far as applicable, shall apply thereto ； but, except by this section provided, nothing in this act shall alter or affect any rule of law applicable to any contract of insurance other than a contract of marine insurance as by this act defined
如果用海上保險單格式的保險單，承保建造中的船舶，或者船舶下水，或類似海上冒險的任何冒險，本法中的各項規定，只要是可適用者，均得適用之；但除本條規定者外，本法的任何規定，都不能改變或影響任何適用於本法規定的海上保險合同以外的保險合同的法律規定。 -
By construing the words of some international conventions, we deduce the notion and characters of the ship. bring up with the nature of arrest in china law first, then outline the characters of arrest of ship, which is the typical action in rem compared with the theory of action in rem in britain and u. s. a and marewa injunction. finally, summing up the function of arrest of ship in solving maritime disputes explains why the rule of arrest does exist
通過對一些國際公約用語的分析，來推斷國際扣船公約適用的船舶的特徵和范圍；先引出海事扣船在我國的法律定性，再用英美法系國家中的對物訴訟理論和瑪瑞瓦禁令來闡述對物訴訟這一典型的對物訴訟的特點，歸納扣押船舶在海事海商實踐中的作用，闡明扣押船舶制度得以存在的制度價值。 -
Now we can draw a conciusion that there exists an inequaiity of right and liability between the carrier and shipper in china ' s maritime law considerinb that dangerous goods are a threat to the ship and its crew and the shipper is the person who knows the danger of the goods and how to prevent it, the author accepts that it is understandable to put a strict iiabiiity on the shipper who consigns dangerous goods
由於危險貨物對船舶和船上人員的生命可能構成較大的危害，而且只有托運人才是最了解危險貨物的人，也是採取措施預防危險發生的最適合的人選，所以令其對托運的危險物承擔嚴格責任，筆者認為是可以理解的；而對于承運人就船員駕駛船舶和管理船舶的過失可以免責，在當今航海條件下，筆者則認為未必妥當。 -
For ships constructed before that date, the requirements relating to ship construction and equipment that are set out in the accommodation of crews convention ( revised ), 1949 ( no. 92 ), and the accommodation of crews ( supplementary provisions ) convention, 1970 ( no. 133 ), shall continue to apply to the extent that they were applicable, prior to that date, under the law or practice of the member concerned
對于該日之前建造的船舶， 《 1949年船員起居艙室公約（修訂） 》 （第92號）和《 1970年船員起居艙室（補充規定）公約》 （第133號）中規定的關于船舶建造和設備的要求在該日之前應根據有關成員國的法律或實踐繼續在其適用的范圍內適用。 -
In ship steering controller design, the nonlinear ship model should be written in siso strict feedback form. we start the recursive design with the system first state variable and continue with the second one. by introducing a change of coordinates, we choose lyapunov functions to stabilize the system and obtain the control law
在船舶航向控制方面，考慮船舶的穩態回轉非線性，應用backstepping方法設計：首先把系統化成單入單出的嚴格反饋控制形式（呈下三角結構） ，假設系統后一個狀態變量是前一個狀態變量的虛擬控制，通過適當的變量代換，在每一步構造李亞普諾夫函數，使前一子系統在虛擬控制下漸近穩定，逐步遞推出控制器控制規律，使整個系統在平衡點滿足一致漸近穩定性。 -
This article first discusses that the ship under construction may and should establish the concept of ownership, and then discusses the acquisition and the manner of pubic summons. the third one is that suggestion of real law cancels the " joint coownership ", and the effect resulting from this change
三、探討了《物權法建議稿》取消「共同共有」而代之為份額相等的「按份共有」 ，這一規定對于船舶抵押權以及他物權的設定的影響。 -
Combining the software and hardware level of the it industry at present mainly, we should summarize entirely the need of work of actual ship and analyse the feasibility and necessity of implementing the shipping network office automation from technological condition, economic terms, navigation humane view, navigation law construction, etc
主要結合目前it業的軟、硬體水平，充分總結實船工作需要，從技術條件、經濟條件、航海人文觀、航海法律建設等諸方面分析實施船舶網路辦公自動化的可行性和必要性。 -
To overcome the shortages of the traditional proportional guidance in attacking maneuvering targets, the paper firstly established the relative motion models for the anti - ship missile and the target in three dimensions, then based on the optimal guidance law for aiming at non maneuvering targets and the sliding - mode control theory, the optimal sliding - mode guidance law in three dimensions, which was more easily - accomplished in engineering, was derived by making the pitch plane and yaw plane superposition
摘要針對傳統比例導引法攻擊機動目標的不足，建立了三維空間中反艦導彈和目標的相對運動模型，在研究反艦導彈攻擊非機動目標的最優制導律基礎上，利用俯仰和偏航兩個平面相疊加的方法，結合滑模控制理論設計了工程上易於實現的三維模型下的反艦導彈最優滑模製導律。 -
Based on this suggestion of real law, this article has done some research on real right of ship
本文以《物權法建議稿》為依照，對船舶物權的一些問題做了淺顯的探討。
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