social circumstance 中文意思是什麼

Putting forward to the clear and definite concept and principia in proseminar ", the sustained land management evaluation in developing country ", and " the sustained land management ( using ) hi 21st century " point out : the land using is to combine the technique, policy with the social economic principle and the incorporated behavior of circumstance relation, in order to attain the keeping or increasing production or services at the same time, lowering the production risk, keeping nature resources potential and preventing the soil degeneration, making its have the economic vitality and accepted by the social

土地資源的可持續利用是可持續發展的基礎，沒有土地資源的可持續利用就不可能有可持續發展。 1991年9月在泰國清邁舉行的「發展中國家持續土地管理評價」研討會和1993年6月在加拿大舉行的「 21世紀持續土地管理（利用） 」國際會議上提出了持續土地利用的明確概念和基本原則：指出可持續土地利用是將技術、政策和旨在使社會經濟原理與環境關系一體化行為結合起來，以便同時達到保持或提高生產或服務，降低生產風險，保持自然資源潛力和防止土壤退化，使其具有經濟活力和被社會所接受。

They may indicate their suicidal intent to their family, carers, health professional or social worker directly or indirectly. under such circumstance, immediate help should be provided with active listening to understand the reason for suicidal thought, to give support and encouragement and to seek professional help as appropriate. as regards the elderly themselves, they should share worries with family, friends or people who are trusted

他們會直接或間接地向家人、護老者、醫護人員或社工表達自殺的念頭。這時，應給予他們即時的幫助，從聆聽中了解他們有自殺意念的原因，給予支持和鼓勵，並尋求專業人士的協助。至於長者自己，如遇到情緒困擾，應多與家人、朋友或自己信任的人分擔。

It also gives answers to the questions about what the obstacle of systematic barriers are and how the barriers will influence the development of the non - state owned economy. in part 4, basing on the three parts ahead, the author ultimately responds to the questions about the non - state owned economy when developing from three aspects, including building law system circumstance for the property right protecting, consummating the sustaining system of social work and the own innovation of the non - state owned economy

第四部分也是本文的重點論述內容之一，在前三個部分論述的基礎上該部分從建立產權保護的法治環境、健全社會服務的支持系統以及適當加快民營經濟自身的制度創新等三個方面，回答了如何從制度供給的角度解決民營經濟發展中遇到的問題。

This text is divided into totally three part, the first part clarities mainly the connotation of credit, the meaning transformation and present application. emphasizing on the importance of the corpus credit diathesis in modem society based on the foundation of existing theoretical outcome. furthermore. the text delimitates the connotation of the credit diathesis, induces the feature of using the credit, namely the three greatest features that are made up of objectivity and subjectivity, explicit ages and plasticity ; the author analyzes closely the credit diathesis of students that is very beneficial for further modem social safety, healthy development, building of the fashion of credit moral, purifying educational and academic circumstance and so on

本文共分三部分，第一部分主要在認真吸取現有理論成果的基礎之上，經過分析和調查研究闡明了信用的內涵及其含義的演變，以及在今天生活中的應用，突出主體信用素質在現代社會的重要性，在此基礎之上比較科學地界定了信用素質的內涵，歸納信用素質的特點，即客觀性和主觀性、鮮明的時代性和可塑性三大特點。第二部分比較深入的分析了培養大學生信用素質對于促進現代社會的健康發展、信用道德風尚的建設、凈化教育環境和學術環境等具有的巨大價值，以及對培養合格人才具有非常重要的意義。

In order to promote social associations in different residents and accelerate the conformity in edge communities, this thesis discusses mutual actions between the physical factors and the non - physical factors and their external expression through positive analysis. at the aid of behavior - environment analysis and questionnaire investigation, the thesis analyzes the promoting and restricted effects that neighborhood environment act on social mutual associations in different kinds of residents, and researches the objective needs and subjective expectations of neighborhood circumstance. and at last, tactics and measures of constructing neighborhood circumstance are brought forward in order to give full play to neighborhood functions and accelerate conformity in edge communities

本文以促進不同居民之間社會互動、增強邊緣社區整合作為研究目的，在實證調查分析的基礎上，研究邊緣社區鄰里環境的非物質內涵和物質內涵的相互作用及其外現形式；用環境?行為分析和問卷調查的方法，分析鄰里環境對不同具名互動行為的激發和限製作用，以及研究邊緣社區鄰里內不同居民互動行為的客觀需求以及對鄰里環境的主觀期望；在促進邊緣社區整合，發揮鄰里功能的目標指導下，提出營造策略和措施。

For example, they don ' t compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had grown up under more favourable circumstance

例如，他們不會補償社會總體的不平等性，因此不要說一個可能窮困的年青人能夠在更加有利環境中成長起來

For example, they don ' t compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had grown up under more favourable circumstance

例如，他們不會補償社會總體的不平等性，因此不要說一個可能窮困的年青人能夠在更加有利環境中成長起來

This dissertation employs the way of integration of narration and argument, in which i make the acts on ban on maritime trade ( infra called the act in brief ) enacted in ming dynasty be the main line, review the behind contents of each act including particular circumstance, political situation, social economical background and personality and capability of the emperors, influence of the tradition, and aim at disclosing the occasionally and inevitability of the long - time ban on the maritime trade during ming dynasty

本文採用敘議結合的史論方法，以整個明朝頒行的海禁法令為主線，通過考察每道海禁法令出臺的具體事由、政治形勢、社會經濟背景，以及帝王的為政稟賦、傳統的影響力度，意在揭示明王朝長時間地禁止私人出海貿易的偶然與必然性致因。

The paper desires to slightly discuss the social reasons of wang chongs " fate " thought formativing from superstitious social circumstance and officers chosen system controlled by privilege orders in han dynasty

作者試圖從漢代迷信的社會環境和特權階層控制的仕進制度等方面，粗略探討王充「命」論思想以及「命」與「行」分途的人生觀和世界觀形成的社會原因。

Secondly, facing the inattentive and stiff circumstance of our company law to the duty of faith, we should emphasize to enhance its operability and scientific. it expresses mainly as following : to the lack of positive duty of faith of our country ' s board director, we should generalize it dearly from the point of law : " the board director should perform his duty in the range of company, the rule of it and respectation of social public interests, when his interests conflicts with company ' s, he must place company ' s first.

其次，面對我國公司法關于董事忠實義務規定的粗疏和生硬，著重強化其操作性和科學性。具體可表現為： （一） 、針對我國董事的忠實義務缺少積極義務而言，從法律上給予明確的概括： 「董事應當在法律、公司章程和尊重社會公共利益的范圍和程度內，忠實履行職務，視公司利益為最高利益；董事在經營公司業務時，其自身利益與公司利益一旦發生沖突，董事則必須以公司的最佳利益為重，不得將自身利益置於公司利益之上」 。

Absolutizing the central statue of economy construction is the only aim of social development 3. unilatering the standard of the productive forces, believing that all methods can be offered only if it can enhance the advancement of the productive forces. it is because of these misunderstandings that the ideological - political work was put at the embarrassed circumstance of " saying is one thing, doing is another, and when busy it is miner important " on practice

（三）思想政治工作在實踐中被弱化的思考，探討並分析經濟工作與思想政治工作「一手硬，一手軟」的深層次的認識根源和理論根源：第一，把生產力的最終決定作用庸俗化，認為只要物質文明搞上去了，精神文明就自然會上去；第二，把經濟建設的中心地位絕對化，認為經濟建設是社會發展的唯一目標；第三，把生產力標準片面化，認為只要能促進生產力的解放和發展，一切方法手段都可以用。

The third part of this paper starts from the present condition of chongqing venture capital, and it analyses the problems ( it primarily is that investment main - body is singularity, capital scale is little, the condition of policy and law is shortage and the exited channel is little ) existed in chongqing venture capital. the paper analyses the indispensability and feasibility of developing venture capital and clarifies that developing venture capital is important to solving capital shortage of chongqing high - tech industry, bringing up person with ability of chongqing high - tech industry and venture capital, assimilating social idle capital and solving employment problem. and it analyses that developing venture capital is feasible from some parts of economy circumstance, industry condition, person with ability market, government attitude and successful cases

文中第三部分從重慶創業投資發展的現狀出發，分析了重慶在發展創業投資中存在的問題（主要是投資主體單一、資金規模小、缺乏人才、完善的政策法律環境和通暢的退出渠道） ，並且指出重慶發展創業投資的必要性和可行性，闡明了在重慶現有的條件下發展創業投資對解決重慶市高新技術產業投資不足、培養重慶市高新技術產業人才和創業人才、吸收社會富餘閑散資金及解決勞動就業問題的重要作用，而且從經濟環境、產業條件、人才市場、政府態度、成功案例等幾個方面分析了重慶市發展創業投資是完全可行的。

It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。

In the end, based on the above outcome, a discussion is made on issues such as the evaluation system in science, the award system in science field for the youth, the social circumstance for the science development

最後應用以上結果，對我國的科學評價體制、科技獎勵制度、科學發展的社會環境等問題進行了一些討論。

So it is important to research how to manage the risk of consumption credit of commercial bank in our country. the construction of this paper as follows : chapter 1, general introduction of consumption credit and its current situation in our country ; chapter 2, analyze the type of the risks and the current risk situation in our country ; chapter 3, analyze the reason of causing the consumption credit risk ; chapter 4 and chapter 5, put forward the main thinking of manage the consumption credit risk, including standardize the internal management of commercial bank and establish a better social circumstance

其主要原因一方面是由於消費信貸在我國起步較晚，各種規章及配套措施尚不健全，並且我國個人信用體系缺乏，消費者的信用意識薄弱，造成消費貸款中大量的違約情況產生，而由於失信者的違約成本很低，就進一步的惡化了消費信貸的環境;另一方面，商業銀行本身風險管理水平不高，內控制度不完善，導致對消費信貸風險管理的不到位，也是使商業銀行消費信貸業務風險加大的原因。

Individual factor is divided into cognition factor, personality factor, competence factor and appearance factor. mutual factor is divided into mutual space / distance factor, mutual intercourse frequency factor, mutual similarity factor, mutual complementary factor and mutual adoration factor. and exterior factor is considered to include social circumstance factor and school circumstance factor

再對三大因素分別進行進一步聚類分析，個體因素又被分成認知因素、個性品質因素、能力因素和儀表因素；雙方互動因素被分成雙方空間距離因素、雙方交往頻率因素、雙方相似因素、雙方互補因素和相悅因素；外部因素被分成社會環境因素和學校環境因素。

The tendentiousness of the audiences is influenced by some factors, including the news information they receive, their educational levels, values, emotional feelings, experiences and the whole social circumstance

受眾的這種內在傾向不僅受著所接觸的新聞信息的制約，同時還受自身知識結構、價值觀念、情感態度、人生閱歷等個人屬性的影響，同時社會環境對受眾內在傾向性的影響也不容忽視。

Firstly, under micro social circumstance, accompanied by the coming of globalization and information age, western culture plays an exemplary role. knowledge is seen as an instrument in the upcoming knowledge economy age. also, our country is trying to build market - economy, the spirit of which is connected with pragmatism, and this makes pragmatic value more acceptable by the public

首先，從社會大環境上看，全球化、信息化時代的到來，強化了西方文明的示範性；隨著知識經濟的呼之欲出，知識的工具性價值突顯；我國市場經濟體制改革的進一步深入，與市場經濟相適應的價值觀念與實用主義有內在兼容性。

There are five sections in the article : the first section is briefly introducing ppp to make readers have some ideas of its definition, types and the applying fields, also it points out the reasons of ppp ' s rising are related with the social circumstance changes in occident industrialized countries, laying out the various risks accompanied with the partnership to make people realize that the proper distribution of these risks is the basic precondition of ppp ' s success

本文共分為五節。第一節概括介紹了ppp ，使人們對它的內涵、類型和應用領域有所了解；指出ppp的興起與歐美工業化國家的社會環境變化密切相關；列舉了伴隨ppp項目的各種風險，使人們認識到這些風險的合理分配是ppp取得成功的基本前提。

Yunnan province is a beautiful and magical place where 25 minority nationalities live in compact communities, including 15 ethnic groups only found in yunnan. in the long history, due to the influence of special geological and social circumstance, each group has created a unique culture

位於「滇中糧倉」宜良縣境內的九鄉國家重點風景名勝區，則以「九鄉溶洞九十九，游完工溶洞白了頭」的地下溶洞群組成。