study the present system 中文意思是什麼
study the present system
解釋
研究現時生產方法-
Based on the principles of ncw discussed, the present study delved further into the c2 system analyze of aerial defence missile network - centric operation with the aerial anti - ballistic missile as the battle background. the main work of this study can be stated as follows : firstly, the author made a deep research on the concepts, the essence and the cardinal fundamentals of ncw, and then made a thorough study on the integrity fire control ability and agility of the network - centric operation requirements, then analyzed the three - layer logical networks structure of the aerial defence missile system in ncw
本文以區域反彈道導彈為作戰背景，在對網路中心戰原理剖析的基礎上，對防空導彈網路化作戰指控系統（本文稱之c2系統）結構進行了分析，主要工作有:首先，結合網路化作戰的概念、原理，研究了防空導彈系統網路化作戰的一體化作戰和靈活適應能力，並分析了支持網路化作戰能力需求的c2系統邏輯結構，從整體上進行了三層邏輯網劃分並分析了各層邏輯網的功能和組成。 -
The total shoot dry weight was highest in no barrier treatment but the total mn uptake was not significantly different among three root barrier treatments ( no barrier, mesh barrier and solid barrier ) in wheat - chickpea intercropping system. in general, the results from the present study revealed that wheat growth and mn nutrition can be improved by wheat - rape and / or wheat - chickpea intercropping systems through interspecific interaction
小麥油菜種植體系的總生物量不受根系分隔方式的影響，但總吸錳量以根系不分隔處理較低；小麥鷹嘴豆種植體系的總生物量以根系不分隔處理的最高，而總吸錳量在不同根系分隔方式間無顯著差異。 -
Study on development system of the county farm machinery school at the present time
試論新形勢下縣級農機校的發展體制 -
Electrical conductivities of quartz, olivine, dunite, iherzolite, pyroxenite, and megaaugite were measured by virtue of the new system ; whereas, the electrical conductivity of gabbro was measured by means of the old one. an interesting outgrowth of the present study is the measurement of the complex impedance of a series of quartz plates with different orientations
石英（人造水晶） 、橄欖石、純橄欖巖、輝石巖、二輝橄欖巖、巨晶輝石的電導率測量是在新的測量系統下獲得的，而輝長巖的電導率測量是基於lcr儀為測量儀器的測試系統下獲得的。 -
Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources
基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。 -
It is necessary to control the mechanical stimuli precisely in the studies of cardiac mechano - electrical feedback ( mef ). in the present study a ventricular pressure - clamping system has been developed, which can be applied to isolated - perfused rabbit hearts. controlled by a computer, this system not only can make the left ventricle follow a command defining the same pressure wave as that during a beating cycle under physiological condition, but also deliver mechanical stimuli with a proper waveform to the ventricle at a particular time phase. this system integrates multiple functions, including perfusing, pacing, recording of electrocardiogram and monophasic action potentials, and clamping and measuring of ventricular pressures in isolated - perfused hearts. thus, it is a distinct system for investigating the phenomena and mechanisms of cardiac mef at organ level
在心臟機械電反饋的研究中準確控制機械刺激是非常重要的.本研究室構建了一套適用於離體家兔心臟的心室壓力鉗系統.該系統通過計算機控制壓力鉗，不僅能模擬正常生理條件下左心室的壓力波形，還能在心室活動周期的特定時相、以適當波形對心室施加機械刺激.該系統集心臟灌流與起搏、表面心電圖記錄、單相動作電位記錄、心室壓力鉗制與測定等多種功能於一體，特別適用於器官水平上觀察機械電反饋現象並探討其機制 -
Abstract : it is necessary to control the mechanical stimuli precisely in the studies of cardiac mechano - electrical feedback ( mef ). in the present study a ventricular pressure - clamping system has been developed, which can be applied to isolated - perfused rabbit hearts. controlled by a computer, this system not only can make the left ventricle follow a command defining the same pressure wave as that during a beating cycle under physiological condition, but also deliver mechanical stimuli with a proper waveform to the ventricle at a particular time phase. this system integrates multiple functions, including perfusing, pacing, recording of electrocardiogram and monophasic action potentials, and clamping and measuring of ventricular pressures in isolated - perfused hearts. thus, it is a distinct system for investigating the phenomena and mechanisms of cardiac mef at organ level
文摘:在心臟機械電反饋的研究中準確控制機械刺激是非常重要的.本研究室構建了一套適用於離體家兔心臟的心室壓力鉗系統.該系統通過計算機控制壓力鉗，不僅能模擬正常生理條件下左心室的壓力波形，還能在心室活動周期的特定時相、以適當波形對心室施加機械刺激.該系統集心臟灌流與起搏、表面心電圖記錄、單相動作電位記錄、心室壓力鉗制與測定等多種功能於一體，特別適用於器官水平上觀察機械電反饋現象並探討其機制 -
In the present study, after treated with xanthine / xanthine oxidase system, cells viability, cells cycle, the expression of apoptosis proteins p53, bax and bcl - 2, and the level of superoxidase, glutathione, malondialdehyde of neuronal differentiated pc 12 cells in the absence and / or presence of c. chinensis extract were also compared
通過比較活性氧作用細胞后的細胞活力、細胞周期、凋亡相關蛋白（ p53 、 bax 、 bcl - 2 ）水平以及細胞中sod 、 gsh 、 mda的差異，發現菟絲子提取物對活性氧引起的細胞凋亡有一定的保護作用。 -
The present paper is exclusively devoted to the study and analysis of question - response interaction at both micro and macro levels in trials in the chinese courtroom, where in recent years much reform has been carried out and the adversarial system featuring the anglo - american law has been introduced and incorporated in the traditional trial procedure
分析法庭問答分配，從一個（問答）側面揭示中國實行改革后法庭審判的模式和現狀。本文共分十一章。第一章概述法律語言研究和問答研究，並介紹本文的目的，方法，語料，和研究特點等。 -
How to use of the currently in effect criminal procedure expert testimony system in the normal way, administrative control expert testimony institution and office workers, amplify necessary rules and regulations of the actuating of expert conclusion 、 implement of expert conclusion 、 argumentation of expert conclusion 、 authentication of expert conclusion ; up to protect litigation rights of parties in action, get on the stick of administration of justice 、 successfully achieve an end of administration of reasonable judgment all along is the focal point of the work and difficult point in our expert testimony system structure. in this paper, coupling our current the present situation of criminal expert testimony, to perfect the legal system, to resolve the problems of expert testimony system, the writer tried to study some problems of giving some enlightenment to the theory and practice of judicial appraisal institution, relate and analyze it and set forth the views and opinions on the settlement of some matters with six parts
本文從分析刑事司法鑒定及其程序入手，比較兩大法系關于刑事司法鑒定的啟動、實施、質證、認證與採信等司法證明各環節的制度規定，透視我國刑事司法鑒定程序存在的基本問題，在此基礎上提出:規定鑒定期限、對無鑒定結果不能進入訴訟或準司法程序的情況，當事人可以申請公證機關公證鑒定啟動程序的真實性和合理性、建立鑒定人出庭作證制度、裁判者對鑒定結論認證通過質證程序形成心證的過程及理由應做出公開說明等有利於我國刑事司法鑒定程序改革的具體構想。 -
Second chapter analysis the scientific misconduct reason. firstly, it lack science spirit. science spirit is basic moral norm that scientist set up and agreement norm for science study. because of many kinds reasons, the science spirit in the our country ca n ' t develop well, make the growth of science spirit in our country exist serious drawback, cause scholarship atmosphere not well. secondly, the scholarship judge rules have serious drawback. the manage way of quantity not used well for the scholarship management. the quality of the spirit product ca n ' t definition or measure by their quantity. the present scholarship of encourage system exist utility phenomenon, but impatient of scholarship management is the sources that produce large quantity plagiarize. the scholarship periodical uses the manuscript period over long, cause one manuscript give to some periodical. third reason is lacks of supervise, control and make track for the system of punish. the fourth is an administration management to act for the scholarship manages administration right dominate scholarship bushiness, cause official " look for rent " behavior
由於種種原因，科學共同體的科學精神在我國一直無法得到充分的發展，使得我國學術界的科學精神氣質的發育存在著嚴重的缺陷，由此導致了學風不正。其次是學術評價機制也存在嚴重的缺陷，量化管理方式並不適用於學術管理。學術研究者的精神產品的質量和績效是無法用數量來界定或衡量的，高校的評價機制同樣存在嚴重的缺陷，現在的學術鼓勵制度，存在著明顯的急功近利現象，而急於求成的學術管理正是產生大量學術剽竊、論文抄襲現象的根源之一。 -
At present, there seems a extensive study on inner system of business cycle, but study on the industrial cycle, which always fluctuate the business cycle, especially on the business cycle fluctuation of real estate industry is ignored much even as a plank space
目前研究經濟周期波動內在機制的較多，對于構成經濟周期波動的產業周期研究還存在不少空白，其中對房地產經濟周期波動的研究更是較少涉及。 -
This text takes civi 1 responsibil ity of securities fraud as objective of study, and legislative and judicial experiences of other developed countries and regions as references. combined with the present situation of domestic securities market, via the comparison and analysis of the systems of civil responsibility of anti - securities fraud between domestic and abroad, and through the classified study of five typical civil responsibilities of securities fraud practices, we have precisely discussed the fundamental theory and the key points of civil responsibility of securities fraud, concluded essential formations of civil responsibility of securities fraud, and in the end, it proposes the legislative orientation, principles for civil responsibility of securities fraud, as well as suggestions for system improvement
本文以證券欺詐民事責任為研究對象，借鑒世界證券市場發達國家和地區的立法和司法經驗，結合我國證券市場的現實，通過對中外各國反證券欺詐民事責任制度的比較分析，對五種典型的證券欺詐行為民事責任的分類研究，深入探討了證券欺詐民事責任的基本理論和難點問題，歸納論述了證券欺詐民事責任的構成要件，最後提出了我國證券欺詐民事責任制度的立法定位、立法原則及完善相關制度的幾點構想。 -
Secondly, aiming at the shortage of the present study on this problem, this thesis try to make some creative breaks : explain the connotative definition of intermediate business in systematically to benefit this kind of problem to further study ; study the problems of risk aversion and prevention with it ' s development ; evaluate the market risk, the credit risk, investment risk etc. ; try to establish a valid system to evaluate the risk of intermediate business. the main method we used in this thesis to evaluate the risk of intermediate business is var ( value in risk ). at last, study to take some measures which will match the real state of our country to prevent the risk of intermediate business, which will do some good to intermediate business in china " s commercial bank
其次，針對已有研究中的不足和此類問題的研究現狀，本論文力求創新與突破的是：比較系統地對商業銀行中間業務進行界定和研究其發展策略，有利於對此類問題的進一步深化和擴展；從商業銀行中間業務不斷發展的角度來研究風險規避和防範等問題，評估中間業務面臨的市場風險、信用風險、投資風險和管理風險等一系列風險，嘗試建立有效防範中間業務風險的評估體系，本文主要運用var法來評估中間業務的市場風險；探討符合我國國情的商業銀行中間業務風險防範措施，以期對我國商業銀行中間業務的發展有所裨益。 -
The main purpose of this chapter is to study the conteflt and procedure of quality cost acco [ lllting, including the arrangement of quality cost items, the accoaming method and analyses of quality cost, under the present accoatancy system
本章主要研究在現行的會計制度下，質量成本核算的內容和程序，包括質量成本項目的設置、質量成本的核算與分析。 -
For the reasons above mentioned, based on the present study status on clv, from the perspective of enterprises, this paper discusses the evolvement and difficulties of clv study in order to facilitate the study on customer relationship management strategies and the development of decision support system in crm software
鑒於此，本文針對國內外的研究現狀以及國內企業的發展狀況，在crm背景下，以客戶全生命周期管理為初衷，對客戶生命周期價值領域當前研究的最新進展和難點展開探討，旨在進一步推動企業客戶關系管理策略的研究和完善crm系統中決策功能的研發。 -
The study also discovered that both the present fertilization system based on inorganic n and inorganic p and the present system of continuous cropping of corn had greats effect on balance of soil nutrients
研究還發現，現行的以無機氮磷肥為主的施肥制度和玉米連作種植制度對土壤養分平衡有很大影響。 -
This text make use of the system on the domestic and international risk of understanding which lead to audit practicing to study the present condition ' s foundation with are theories, deduces, and research methods, such as, attestations and analysis etc., factors of right audit risk down audit risk that theories of construction in the problem proceeds analysis research look for the theories fulcrum to lead to the audit theories and possibility towards risk lead to audit risk model that problem proceed analysis research. this paper brings up the fourth main factor project, and also is distinction of audit report risk with audit occupation risk, announcing to public audit risk actuality conversion, pointing study to operate the influence of the risk factor. to the model that risk of perfect audit risk of function, here the foundation study have the maneuverability to lead to the audit procedure and method problems with the period of the right fulfillment which have the leading meaning
20世紀80年代中期，審計風險成為審計理論界和實務界研究的熱點和難點問題，為彌合審計期望差距，降低審計職業風險，在實踐中產生了一種以風險評價為中心的審計模式，即風險導向審計模式，該模式的出現對審計理論與實務影響都是深遠的，但目前還未形成統一的認識，尚有許多問題需要研究和解決，本文在了解國內外風險導向審計實踐和理論研究現狀的基礎上，利用系統，演繹，實證，分析等研究方法，對審計風險因素下審計理論結構的問題進行分析研究，以尋求風險導向審計的理論支點，以及對風險導向審計風險模型問題進行分析研究，提出四要素方案，也就是區分審計報告風險和審計職業風險，揭示審計風險現實轉化的可能性，重點探討經營風險因素的影響，對完善審計風險模型的作用，在此基礎探討具有可操作性的風險導向審計程序與方法問題，以期對實踐具有指導意義。 -
The thesis describes the background and the research present conditions of excellent performance assessment in details. compare the principle with mbnqa and iso9000, the quatity management system, and carry on analysis. according to the principle and adopting the system method build up the excellent performance measure system. to study the index system that is the key support function to carry on performance assessment, including the contents, the relation, the corresponding relation between the principle item apply and the index etc., take company m as an example to introduce how to use the improved layer analysis method to compute the index important degree
對準則與主要參照標準波多里奇獎、準則與國際質量管理體系iso9000進行了比較分析。文中依據準則，採用系統的方法建立了卓越績效測評體系，並對績效測評的過程中起關鍵支持作用的指標體系進行研究，包括指標體系的內容、指標之間的關系、指標適用準則條款等。然後以m公司為例，介紹了如何使用改進的層次分析法計算指標權重。 -
After more than half a year ' s data collection and study, the present research proposes a framework with the following four parts : part one concerns with the specification of financial system and its legislation
通過半年多來的資料收集與調研，本文以財政體制立法問題為主題，分四個部分對該問題進行了較系統的探討。一、財政體制和財政體制立法的定位。
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