time risks 中文意思是什麼

The advantages of boq valuation include : saving enormous labor force, material and time, meeting the requirements of market competition, promoting joint bearing risks by both parties of contract, controlling effectively the investment of construction projects, and avoiding some bad behaviors of present construction market

工程量清單計價的優點包括：節約大量的人力、物力、時間，滿足市場競爭的需要，有利於承發包雙方的風險共擔，有效控制建設項目投資，避免當前建築市場的一些不良行為。

This paper, using for reference of international vulgate class of risks, meanwhile considering domestic practical situation, presents risks early warning index system ; this paper, adopting the methods of quantitative analysis, presents the model of risks early warning system ; this paper measures the market risks of trust investment companies with widely used var method. at the same time, this paper establishes the base of risks early warning model by combining such method and other risk measurement into risk measurement model

本文充分考慮了我國的實際情況，同時考慮了國際上通行的風險分類方法，建立了風險預警指標體系；採用風險定量分析和定性風險指標的量化評估等方法建立了風險預警系統的模型；借鑒國際上使用比較度的var風險價值量法來對信託投資公司的市場風險進行度量，並將風險價值量和其他風險指標採用風險度的方法融入到風險評估模型中，為建立風險預警模型奠定了基礎。

However, the complicated international - trade circumstance makes it very difficult to control the payment risks of export, and at the same time because of their own defects, the traditional trade finance products cannot satisfy the exporters ’ needs. therefore, it has a high demand for the newer and better trade finance products and forfaiting is just a suitable one as a kind of bill discounted without recourse. after entering into wto takes the opportunities and challenges to the chinese banks, and the foreign banks will try to occupy the chinese markets by their rich management experiences, high - quality services and various fianc products

一、本文的研究目的和意義隨著商業銀行客戶群日益多樣化的發展和不斷涌現的國際貿易新形式，傳統的打包貸款、出口押匯等業務品種，已遠不能滿足我國企業日趨豐富的融資需求，本文通過對福費廷業務的特點、風險狀況、市場前景的分析，力圖找到一條適合我國商業銀行開展福費廷業務的新路子、新思維，同時也希望能為我國這樣一個新興市場經濟國家在解決出口融資方面提出一個值得大力發展的途徑，有利於促進我國出口貿易及我國商業銀行國際業務的大發展。

In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。

Recently, net attack things often occur. it makes people know the fearfulness that net holes bring and realize the importance of the things that keep away the hackers. in fact, net security risks are in every time

近年來，網路攻擊事件頻頻發生，讓人真正認識到了網路漏洞所帶來的安全問題的可怕，並切實體會到了黑客攻擊防範和網路安全防護的重要性。

Long - term investment risks minimum ? first - time home buyers spend at least

長遠投資風險最低？首次置業花錢最少？

The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

全文共分為七章，主要內容如下：第一章作為全文的理論出發點和基礎，圍繞網路組織的定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織的基本概念進行了闡述；第二章綜合運用核心能力、競爭戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生的理論基礎進行闡述；第三章首先從組織協調的角度對網路組織進行了研究，給出了網路組織的結構，分類和特徵，同時並給出了虛擬企業群簇；然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織的生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、價值鏈模型，以及運行模式；第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論的相關知識，通過構建網路組織的模型，對上一章所研究的網路組織結構的形成機理給出了一種理論解釋；第五章在分析網路組織運行風險的基礎上，分別建立無盟主網路組織的博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織的博弈論模型，詳細研究了網路組織的協調機制，然後給出了網路組織協調機制的解決方案；第六章作為網路組織協調機制的重要組成部分，本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制的必要性的基礎上，研究了網路組織信任關系的類型，提出了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。

Social risks facing our country at the present time : prevention and control

我國目前面臨的社會風險及其控制

The new arrangements will allow those who have a need to manage exchange rate risks on the mainland to interact among themselves by bidding and offering renminbi for forward settlement, and it is hoped that an active forward market would emerge by itself over time

新措施容許在內地有需要管理匯率風險的人士或機構互相以出價和討價方式買賣遠期結算的人民幣，希望一個成交活躍的遠期外匯市場能夠逐漸自然形成。

With the new methods provided, only a small number of samples are required at the same risks, so the test expenses and test time are reduced

該方法在相同風險下只需少量的現場試驗就可以進行維修性驗證，從而減少試驗成本，縮短試驗周期。

It can spread risks over years and employ the value of time as well, hence can stabilize the results of the businesses over the medium term and optimize the balance sheet, etc. as a positive response to the demands of enterprise - wide risk management, some so - called integrated risk management products are developed

為了滿足客戶進行整體風險管理的需要，一類整體風險管理產品也應運而生。多險種產品和多重觸發機制產品是主要的兩種形式。前者可以為分屬不同險種（一般多為財產和責任保險）的多個風險提供跨年度綜合保障。

The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with a4 ; and from die agreed date or the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery which arise either because he fails to nominate the carrier or another person in accordance with a4, or because the carrier or the party nominated by the buyer fails to take the goods into his charge at the agreed time, or because the buyer fails to give appropriate notice in accordance with b7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods

買方必須按照下述規定承當貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險：自按照a4規定交貨之時起及由於買方未能按照a4規定指定承運人或其他人，或其指定的承運人或其他人未在約定時間接管貨物，或買方未按照b7規定給予賣方相應通知，則自約定的交貨日期或交貨期限屆滿之日起，但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下，即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項下之貨物為限。

After that it will calculate the risk of collision and give out the recommended actions of collision avoidance. experimentation has proved that abaas has the advantages such as real - time display, fast responding to risks, easy operation, which make it a promising technology in the study of aas

以數見， iiwe算船舶運動參數，根拋會巡形勢計算碰拖危險度並給出避碰建議，具有反應實時、操作方便等優點，符合船舶自動泱策技術研究的發展方向。

Such a system provides more facility for financial institutions to provide diversified financial services, while at the same time, the risks within the institutions will be more than those in the specialized institutions

1998年由花旗銀行和旅行者集團合併而成的花旗集團，就是通過不同的子公司提供多元化金融服務的金融控股公司。

As instruments for fending off the risks, financial derivatives have developed in our country to some degree and have formed the preferable barter time bargain market

作為一種風險規避的手段，金融衍生工具在我國也得到了一定程度地發展，基本上形成了較為完善的實物產品期貨交易市場。

Exchanges have been playing an important role in the market transactions from the time when they came into effect. they have helped not only to match the supply and demand but also minimizing the transaction risks

交易所自形成起，就在市場中發揮著匯集信息、調劑供求、平準價格、減少交易風險等重要作用。

Project management combines nine fields of knowledge including : scope management, time management, cost management, quality management, risks management, personnel management, procurement management, communication management and integrity management

項目管理包含九大知識領域，這九大知識領域包括：項目范圍管理、時間管理、費用管理、質量管理、風險管理、人員管理、采購管理、溝通管理和項目整體管理問題。

Yet, at the same time, it increases risks, makes jurisdictional boundaries more difficult to draw and facilitates criminal activities

但與此同時，資訊科技發展也帶來風險，傳統的國界領域在電子世界里變得難以劃分，犯罪份子因而有機可乘。

Article 13 the discount rate is the pre - tax interest rate, which can reflect the time value of money in the present market and the specific risks of the asset

第十三條折現率是反映當前市場貨幣時間價值和資產特定風險的稅前利率。

Besides, to develop trust relationship, to control time risks over logistics completion and to evaluate performance are also discussed in the dissertation to tackle the problem of member enterprise management

對于虛擬物流企業聯盟的管理，論文還研究了培養信任關系的作用和控制物流完成時間風險的方法及績效評估。