toral 中文意思是什麼
toral
解釋
特若（杜拉斯家族一員）-
From the viewpiunts of ornamental characters, the flower plants, fruit plants and foliage plants took the percentages of 45. 07 %, 59. 15 % and 33. 80 % of the toral respectively
其中國家級珍稀瀕危保護樹木11種，占保護區觀賞樹木種數的7 . 75 % 。 -
In general, a watermark system must satisfy the two basic requirements : imperceptibility and robustness. in this thesis, we proposed a frequency - based watermarking algorithm using toral automorphisms, in which a kind of toral automorphism is employed to mix a recognizable binary image ( bw ), which contains the copyright information, into a noise - like signal
演算法簡單描述如下：首先用一個環形自同構映射把要嵌入的數字水印映射成偽隨機噪聲，然後把該偽隨機噪聲嵌入到宿主數據頻域的低頻段中，接著把得到的頻域系數進行相應的逆變換得到嵌入水印的圖象，最後對該嵌入水印的圖象進行視覺掩蔽處理。 -
Allograft - prosthesis combination in included allograft proximal femurs with tatal hip arthroplasty ( 3 patients ), allografts bipolar femoral head replacement ( 8 ), allografts with toral knee arthoplasty prosthetic replacements ( 7 )
60歲，其中骨肉瘤4例，軟骨肉瘤2例，惡性骨巨細胞瘤3例，纖維肉瘤3例，其它惡性骨腫瘤4例。 -
The embedded bw also successfully survives cropping, filtering, noise and multi - watermarking etc. the new ideas the thesis proposed are : first, frequency - based watermarking idea using toral automorphisms is really a novel one, although, in the literature, there are some waterniarking schemes using toral autpmorphisms, all of which are based on space ; second, some improvements of the quantization function contribute to the algorithm ' s performances to some degree
另外該演算法對圖象裁剪、濾波、噪聲和多重水印處理等都具有較強的魯棒性。本文提出了兩個新思想：第一，雖然現有文獻已經提出了利用環形自同構映射的數字水印處理演算法，但這種演算法是基於空域的，而利用環形自同構映射基於頻域的水印處理演算法，目前文獻上未見報道。
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