under-allocation 中文意思是什麼

under-allocation 解釋
過低分配分配不足
  • under : adv 1 在下，從屬著，服從著。 bring under get under keep under 等〈參看各該動詞條〉。 The ship wen...
  • allocation : n. 1. （原料等的）分配，配給。2. 配給物，配給量。3. 定位置，部署。4. 【會】（經費、收入等的）分配法。
  1. Being based on distinct property rights adscription, favorable property rights bargaining, flexible property rights management, combination between rights and responsibility, property rights protection according to laws, and so on, under the condition of smooth transaction, the symmetric allocation of its rights and responsibilities practically means relations between property rights of human capital and its realization form

    人力資本產權制度是人力資本產權主體形成、界定、轉讓、收益的制度安排，它是在交易條件存在的情況下，人力資本的全部權利和責任在時間和空間上的分佈，具體表現為人力資本產權及其實現形式之間以及不同的人力資本產權之間及其實現形式的相互關系。
  2. Timber is under allocation at present.

    目前木材是調撥供應。
  3. Founded on the above - mentioned research and under the concept of land reclamation and garrisoning the frontiers of xpcg, an effective mechanism and allocation mode of forces have been set up in this paper, the mode can not only indraft but also maintain new farmers and let every farmer do his best according to his lights to ensure economy development, social stability and national unity in xpcg, then progress to strengthen national defence and stabilize the frontiers in china

    以上述工作為基礎，結合對兵團農場特殊性分析，從屯墾戍邊的大觀念下構建適合目前兵團農場現實的勞動力引進機制和配置模式。通過這些機制和模式的構建，使兵團農場勞動力「引得來，留得住」 、 「人盡其才，才盡其用」 ，從而為兵團經濟的發展、社會的穩定和民族的團結，進而為鞏固國防和穩定邊疆做出貢獻。
  4. The influence of institutional power is exhibited through turn - type allocation and turn control strategies in the phase of turn development. the whole conversation goes mainly under question - answer adjacency pair. the differences and similarities of the turn - control strategies employed by the show hosts and the show guests have been investigated

    本文在定性分析的基礎上採用z - test檢驗了主持人使用各種放棄話輪、取得話輪的方法的數量佔主持人總話輪的比率與嘉賓使用各種放棄話輪、取得話輪的方法的數量占嘉賓總話輪的比率之間是否有顯著差異。
  5. Based on some classical analyzing cases made with the game theory, the behaviors of the water users participating the water allocation concerned under different water right modes are explained rationally herein combined with the characteristics of the water resources allocation on river basin level

    摘要文中運用博弈論中的經典分析案例結合流域水資源配置特點對不同水權模式下參與人的用水行為作出合理解釋。
  6. To realize the reasonable allocation of land income, from the view point of institutional adjustment, it is suggested as follows : 1 ) confirm the land use pattern under a just and equitable land price by land evaluation to benefit the common development of not only government and collectives but developing and developed districts through the law to establish the construction land supply way by dividing a reasonable proportion between the collective - owned land and the government - owned land. 2 ) make the supply plan of collective land and its function mechanism under the guide of town land use planning

    最終得出以下結論：征地問題具有復雜性和嚴重性：土地收益分配具有反作用；應對征地收益分配製度進行必要的建設並提出建議： （ 1 ）通過土地評估制定公平公正的地價，確立在這一價格體系下的土地利用格局，並通過國家和地方的立法，制定政策法令確保集體經濟組織可以通過集體土地租賃和城鎮建設比例分成的方式供應城鎮建設用地，使之有利於國家和集體，兼顧經濟發達地區和落後地區的共同發展。
  7. Selection exercises will be done on a regular basis for quota allocation to applicants. during each selection exercise, applications which satisfy both the prerequisites and the minimum passing mark under the general points test or the one point - scoring factor under the achievement - based points test will be ranked according to scores awarded

    在每次甄選程序中，同時符合基本資格並在綜合計分制下累計得分達到最低及格分數的申請，及符合基本資格並在成就計分制下獲得分數的申請，依總得分排列名次后，得分較高的申請將獲提選作進一步評核。
  8. The private and near public water - goods are provided wholly or partly by market under the encouraging measures of the government in order to ease the government revenue burdens. the rational allocation of water - funds means the maximum benefits of the economy, of the society, of the ecology in order to meet the many - faceted demands

    水利資金合理配置必須追逐經濟效益、社會效益和生態效益的最優化，以滿足社會經濟發展對水利物品的多方面需要，因而應堅持社會、經濟和生態效益原則，進行權衡比較，決定配置規模和配置結構。
  9. A case study in the xilin river basin of inner mongolia showed that this model could quantitatively analyze the degradation degree, risk degree and easy - restoration degree of the grasslands under different optimizing management levels, which was of significance for applying rational measures with pertinence, and beneficial to the optimal allocation of resources during the management of degraded grassland

    結果表明，通過構建退化草地優化管理模型，定量分析流域內不同優化管理等級退化草地的退化程度、危害性和易恢復性，可以有針對性地採取合理的治理措施，有利於退化草地治理中的資源優化配置。
  10. The main topic of this dissertation was the management element allocation of agricultural enterprises ( meaae ) from the theoretical study and empirical study, and put forward the allocation system, which included the strategy decision - making institution of agricultural enterprises, property right institution, the allocation institution of human resources, optimized market institution, law, investment and financing institution, the function change of government under the background of changing market at home and abroad after china " entry to wto. the dissertation analyses the problems of lower allocation efficiency in agricultural operation such as : lower liquidity of management element, the separate management, small - lot production, the influence of the new agricultural management element to agricultural economy, the lag of allocated system and model for agricultural enterprises management element based on the producing ability and economic base that were formed during twenty years of agricultural reform and d evelopment.

    本文以我國加入世界貿易組織后引發的國內外市場環境變化為研究背景，立足於我國農業改革發展二十多年形成的生產能力和經濟基礎，針對我國農業經營中存在的經營要素缺乏必要流動、經營要素分散、細碎化配置等引起低效率配置問題，以及新型農業經營要素對農業經濟的影響和農業企業經營要素配置機制、模式等研究嚴重滯后的現狀，從理論和實證兩方面系統研究了不同類型農業企業經營要素配置制度，提出了以農業企業戰略決策制度、產權制度和人力資源配置制度為主要內容，配套優化市場制度、法律制度、投融資制度及政府職能轉換等外部環境的農業企業經營要素配置制度體系。
  11. The existing theory could not adapt the development of economy. under this background, the " management element allocation of agricultural enterprises " was chose to be subject of the dissertation, which was one of the main contents of agricultural enterprise management. the significance of study was expressed as follow : 1 )

    因此，選擇農業企業經營管理中的主要內容之一「農業企業經營要素配置」作為研究對象，其理論與現實意義表現在： （ 1 ）在廣泛吸收理論界最新研究成果和廣泛實踐調查研究的基礎上，對農業企業經營要素經濟管理提供有益的補充。
  12. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  13. It will also affect the land returns of the government. allocation of land under the special land bank system might lead to unfair competition

    在土地儲備系統之下所撥出的土地可能會導致不公平競爭。
  14. The main research work and achievements in the dissertation are given as follows : 1 using dynamic programming techniques and two different criterions ( maximum probability of hit criterion and maximum expected no. of penetrators criterion ), the author investigates optimal allocation of tactical missiles between a primary target and a secondary target under the condition that the primary target is defended by the secondary target ( only " normal " defensive mode can be used by the defender ), presents the optimal policy of tactical missiles attacking the primary target

    本文所進行的研究工作和取得的創新性成果主要為： 1利用動態規劃理論和兩個不同的準則（最大命中概率準則和最大期望突防數量準則） ，研究了一個主要目標在一個次要目標防衛下（次要目標採用「常規」防守模式） ，戰術導彈對這兩個目標打擊的優化分配問題，給出了導彈對目標打擊的最優分配策略。
  15. 2 based on dynamic programming techniques, using three different criterions ( maximum probability of hit criterion, maximum expected no. of penetrators criterion, and minimum expected cost criterion ), the author investigates optimal allocation of tactical missiles between a ( several ) primary target ( s ) and several secondary targets under the condition that the primary target ( s ) is defended by the secondary targets ( only " normal " defensive mode can be used by the defender ). the optimal allocation policies of tactical missiles between the primary target ( s ) and the secondary targets are given

    2基於動態規劃理論，採用三個不同的準則（最大命中概率準則、最大期望突防數量準則以及最小期望費用準則） ，研究了一個和多個主要目標在多個次要目標防衛下（次要目標採用「常規」防守模式） ，戰術導彈對這兩類目標打擊的優化分配問題，給出了導彈對目標打擊的最優分配策略。
  16. 3 using game theory and the three different criterions, the author investigates optimal allocation of tactical missiles between a primary target and a secondary target under the condition that the primary target is defended by the secondary target ( the defender can use either " normal " defensive mode or " cautious " defensive mode ), presents the optimal attacking policy of the attacker and the optimal defensive policy of the defender

    3利用對策理論和三個不同的準則，研究了一個主要目標在一個次要目標防衛下（次要目標採用「理智」防守模式） ，戰術導彈對這兩個目標打擊的優化分配問題，給出了進攻方的最優進攻策略和防守方的最優防守策略。
  17. Households with two elderly members, which apply under the special scheme for families with elderly persons, are allocated two separate flats in the same block in a new town two years before normal allocation

    有兩名長者的家庭，則可申請參加新市樂天倫優先配屋計劃，提前兩年在新市鎮同一幢公屋大廈獲配兩個獨立單位。
  18. Nuclear families with two elderly members who have applied under the special scheme for families with elderly persons will be allocated two separate flats in the same block in a new town two years before normal allocation

    家有兩名長者的核心家庭，則可通過「新市樂天倫」優先配屋計劃，較正常輪候時間提前兩年在新市鎮同一幢大廈獲配兩個獨立單位。
  19. We then discuss, from the perspective of economies of scale and economies of scope, the proper construction of the organizational and structural framework of a financial holding company and its subsidiaries to ensure that there is appropriate arrangement of the controlling - subsidiary relationship under the basic legal structure in respect of the size of business and the allocation of personnel in order to generate economic returns. the second chapter elaborates the financial holding companies and their subsidiaries, and seeks to provide possible solutions for challenges encountered. based on the author ’ s relevant experience in taiwan, this paper proposes a feasible arrangement of the organization and supervisory system for the board of directors, the supervisory board ( the board of corporate auditors ) and the management level, the underlying framework of which is mainly based on the regulatory structure of the us financial holding companies

    第三章就監事責任及職權詳細研究，由於中國采大陸法系之立法，對監事責任之掌握較不具體，爰引述了英美受託義務（ fiduciaryduty ）之觀念進行分析，而就監事職權，相對的也是職責，則提出世界上較有表彰性的立法加以補充，希望可以填補其不足，最後比較監事會與獨立董事、審計委員會之各項功能，認為美國公司體制之董事會已漸將經營職能轉予首席執行官（ chiefexecutiveofficer ） ，而留下監督之職能，故可以審計委員會擔負監察職能之前置工作，而觀諸中國之社會經濟情勢，如徑予採行，將出現缺漏，故建議維持監事制度。
  20. The water resources allocation under uncertainty are very important and researches on them are very significant in practice

    摘要不確定性條件下的水資源調度分配問題非常重要，採取動態規劃方法研究水資源分配的應用現實意義重大。
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