upper crust 中文意思是什麼
upper crust
解釋
〈美俚〉上層階級；頭，腦袋。-
Finally, some possible physical mechanisms, for example the coulomb stress - triggering mechanism, the dynamic stress - triggering mechanism and the lower crust and upper mantle flow deformation mechanism, which may generate these coseismic and post - seismic anomalies, are discussed
同時，還從庫侖破裂應力觸發、動態應力觸發以及下地殼和上地幔流動變形機制等方面，對這些大震效應作了一些成因機理討論。 -
Secondly, based on the microbeam analytical technique, on the one hand, through investigating the characteristic of major elements in the mantle minerals the author acquired the static information from mantle ; on the other hand, through multi - point analysis of a part of the minerals from mantle, the auther got dynamic information from mantle. finally, generalizating the fruits of this study and predecessors, the autor holds that the constituents of lithospheric mantle possibly includes spinel lherzolites, clinopyroxenites, websterite, dunite, harzburgites, garnet lherzite, phlogopite lherzite, eclogites, clinopyroxene megacrysts ; compared with east china and north china platform, the research field mantle shows the characteristics of higher degree of partial melting processes and more depleted mantle ; the. upper mantle beneath north hetian area is heterogeneous, with a tendency of deficit in a12o3 and lree from kaliyang in west hetian to the river basin of kalakshi river and yulongkashi river ; the subduction of the crust beneath north hetian has ever occurred in geological history and caused the mixing of mantle - crust ; the depth of the origination of basaltic magmas beneath north hetian exceeds 73km ; the thickness of the lithosphere beneath the research area amounts to 204. 9km ; the mantle beneath north hetian has geological condtions for forming diamond deposits
最後，綜合本區幔源礦物和地幔巖石的特徵以及地球物理資料，得出如下結論：本區上地幔的物質組成有尖晶石二輝橄欖巖、二輝巖、單斜輝石巖、純橄欖巖、方輝橄欖巖、石榴石二輝橄欖巖、金雲母二輝橄欖巖、榴輝巖；與中國東部以及華北地臺上地幔相比，研究區上地幔具有富集主元素中相容元素和虧損其中的不相容元素的特徵，局部熔融程度較高；上地幔存在橫向和縱向的不均一性，從西部的克里陽到喀拉喀什河和玉龍喀什河流域， al和lree富集程度呈下降趨勢，不同來源的相同礦物中主元素的含量差異較大；地質歷史時期這里可能發生過地殼俯沖並產生殼幔混合作用；玄武巖漿的起源深度73km ；從幔源重砂礦物的溫壓估算結果，可以推斷出巖石圈厚度可達204 . 9km ；綜合巖石圈物質組成特徵、巖石圈熱狀態、地幔溫壓狀態、氧逸度以及幔源巖石和幔源礦物的化學成分，認為研究區具備了金剛石成礦地幔地質條件。 -
There are distributed a great number of cenozoic basalts and mantle derived xenoliths in north china and south china. for understanding the materials constitutes, evolution, mantle metasomatism, and inhomogeneity of the lower crust and upper mantle, there is a must of doing some research on these host basalts and the xenoliths
華北、華南地區發育大量新生代玄武巖及幔源包體，對其進行研究，有利於進一步深入了解下地殼和上地幔的物質組成、演化、地幔交代和不均一性以及地球物理反演結果的可靠性等。 -
Through the study of characteristic of macroelement, microelement, rare - earth element, oxyhydrogen isotope, sulfur isotope, lead isotope, fluid inclusion etc, a conclusion can be drawn that metallogenic substance comes from the upper mantle with mixing of some substance from the upper crust latter. it is likely to have the same source with the surrounding rock
通過對礦床的常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素、流體包裹體特徵、氫氧同位素、硫同位素、鉛同位素等特徵的研究，認為成礦物質主要來源於上地幔，與周圍巖石存在著同源的可能性，後期有一定的上地殼物質混入，成礦作用有三期，分別與區內的花崗巖、二長花崗巖脈、雲煌巖脈有關。 -
Depths of these hypocenters concentrate at about 12km deep in the upper crust.
這些震源深度集中在地殼上部約12公里處。 -
The deformations at the surface of the crust after rainfalls have close relations to the occurrence of shallow shocks in the upper crust.
雨後地殼表面的形變與地殼上部發生的淺源地震密切相關。 -
The season was always an exclusive thing to which only the “ upper crust ” was admitted
最初，英格蘭夏日排他性很強，只有貴族階層才可以參加。 -
( 3 ) the mineral source was provided by both lower crust, upper mantle and upper crust, obviously from crust - mantle mixing
（ 3 ）礦田中的成礦物質的不僅來自於下地殼和上地幔，而且還來自於上地殼，具有殼幔混合特徵。 -
The ree composition of q43 sediment is similar to that of chinese upper crust, and it is obviously that it was derived from china
Q43柱樣兩個粒級沉積物的稀土元素組成顯示了與中國陸源物質的相似性，表明它主要來源於中國大陸。 -
The round columnar joints show that the dyke swarms are in upper crust brittle tectonic setting, and the western shandong block is brittle extensional in the mesoproterozoic time
巖墻發育圓柱狀節理表明巖墻侵位時地塊已經處于上地殼脆性構造環境，中元古代魯西地區是一個脆性伸展的大地構造環境。 -
These studies, therefore, suggest that the songsugou peridotite is not a tectonic massif of the upper mantle but a ultramafic magmatic rock body crystallized in deep crust and tectonically emplaced in the upper crust
從而證明了松樹溝橄欖巖體並不是上地幔巖石的殘片，而是由巖漿在深部地殼環境下結晶而成並以固態構造侵位於地殼的上部。 -
And they show that chinese upper crust has a stable ree composition, and those different grain - size sediment samples which are from different site, and deposited in different periods do not establish any remarkable difference
它們的配分曲線高度相似，表明了組成上的一致。在與黃土等物質進行對比時，發現它們除了含量上有差異外，在配分曲線形態上是一致的。 -
The characters of velocity ' s distribution within the mid - layer of the middle crust resemble that of the upper crust ' s bottom layer, and the velocity strongly disturbed. the prominent higher velocity anomalies exist below the linbi uplift and the hu - su uplift within this layer
中地殼的中間層速度分的基本特徵類似上地殼底部，橫向均勻性顯著；中地殼下部速橫向不均勻性明顯，在靈壁隆起和湖蘇隆起的下部有顯著的高速異常。 -
Geophysicists had already cognizance of that the pervasive velocity anisotropy with varying degree in the mantle or the sedimentary rock of upper crust is an important physical property. almost all existed research works fasten on those transversely isotropic media with vertical or horizontal axis of symmetry ( ti ).,
地球物理學者已認識到從地幔到地殼上部的沉積巖存在著不同程度的各向異性，且對具有垂直或水平對稱軸的橫向各向同性介質（ ti ）有很多的研究。 -
Apart from being known as something of a playboy, harry, 22, is a junior officer in the upper - crust blues and royals regiment of the household cavalry, after graduating from the sandhust military academy last year
曾經被認為是花花公子的22歲的王子哈里，去年畢業于桑赫斯特軍事學院，已身為少尉的哈里是英國皇家騎兵衛隊?皇家海軍陸戰隊裝甲團成員。 -
The surface loading of the mountains and the associated root of thickened crust produce horizontal deviatoric tension in the strong upper crust. in contrast, the deep, dense lithospheric root and its associated downflexing of the surface produce horizontal compressive deviatoric stress in the strong near - surface layer. the actual state of stress in the strong layer of the upper crust is the combined effect of these two opposite stress systems together with bending and other local and regional stresses such as due to ridge push
模擬結果表明：由於均衡機制，造山帶下部的低密度山根促使地殼隆升、造山，山根是地殼剛性層中張性構造應力的主要力源；與此相反，冷的高密度巖石圈向軟流圈插入、拆離、下沉，從而形成巖石圈根，它引起擠壓造山和巖石圈地幔物質的重新調整，也是地殼剛性層中擠壓性構造應力的主要力源。 -
The reason for the moderate and large earthquake of zhengjiang block could be attribute as such features : because of the structure ' s more rigidity and the rising of the several interfaces in the crust, the energy from the deep crust of upper mantle is transported to the middle or upper crust persistently. thus it always accumulates at some locations and this may lead to eart
由於地表火山活動的停止，來自中下地殼和上地慢的大部分能量得不到釋放，從而在有利的構造部位積聚，進而在流體的作用下，或在其它外動力誘發下，導致孕震系統失穩而發生地震。 -
Studies on geology of the deposits and geochemistry of trace elements, rees, isotopes, ore - forming fluids show that the ore - forming materials came from varied sources. ore - forming materials of the tianbaoshan deposit was chiefly derived from different sedimentary rocks of the upper crust and orogen, while those of the daliangzi deposit mainly from the sinian dengying formation. meteoric waters were the major source of the ore - forming solution
礦床地質特徵以及常微量元素、稀土元素、同位素、成礦流體等地球化學特徵的研究表明，礦床成礦物質是多來源的，天寶山礦床成礦物質主要來自上部地殼和造山帶各種沉積巖，大樑子礦床成礦物質主要來自震旦系燈影組地層；兩個礦床成礦溶液主要來自大氣降水；硫大部分來源於同時期的海相沉積地層（震旦系燈影組）中被細菌還原的海水硫酸鹽。 -
Based on the study on ree distribution characteristics of sinian low grade metamorphic rocks of the basement and cover volcanics, the author makes a discussion on the material source and the genesis of xiangshan volcanics, and suggests that xiangshan volcanics came mostly from the remelting of the upper crust, and the genesis should be attributed to the category of remelted granites
摘要本文通過對相山火山盆地基底震旦系淺變質巖、蓋層火山巖稀土元素分佈特徵的研究，探討相山火山巖的物質來源及巖石成因，認為相山火山巖主要是上部地殼重熔的產物，其巖石成因應屬于重熔型花崗巖的?疇。 -
It shows that the resolution of the crust interface ' s shape on this four profiles is very good, nevertheless that of the velocity structure is relatively poor. the crust and upper mantle ' s fine configuration on the hq - 13 profile is obtained by our tomography, which reveals some important structure and dynamic features of this region : the velocity structure of the crust consists of three layers, the upper crust, the middle crust and the lower crust. however it also can be divided into six lateral blocks, each of them " s velocity is always higher or lower than that of its neighboring blocks
本文第五章利用有限差分反演和射線反演的方法獲得了符離集?奉賢地震測深剖面（ hq - 13線）精細的地殼上地幔結構剖面，揭示出下揚子地區一些重要的結構和動力學特徵：地殼速度結構在縱向上大致可分上地殼、中地殼和下地殼三部分，橫向上可劃分為6個塊體，各塊體的p波速度沿測線方向呈現高速?低速?高速的組合。
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