utility surplus 中文意思是什麼
utility surplus
解釋
效用剩餘-
Therefore, only when the ceiling price that is based on the evaluation of utility is higher than the floor price that is based on the recovery of the costs, can be the exchange possible. through the exchange, the producer get producers " surplus and the buyers get consumer " surplus
因此，只有當以效用評價為基礎產生的最高限價高於以收回成本為基礎形成的最低底價時，交易才有可能達成，而此時商品生產者得到生產者剩餘，購買者得到消費者剩餘。 -
Depending on the diversity of utility function of bundling products, the monopolist whether provide the products individually or in a bundle ( bundling usually can average the whole valuation of products in bundle. thus the monopolist can extract more consumer surplus from the demand curve by bundling the products or service. )
其中，產品/服務的捆綁或是單獨提供取決于客戶對捆綁產品/服務的聯合效用的分佈（通常捆綁策略可以降低客戶效用的分散度，從而廠商可以更大限度地獲取消費者剩餘） 。 -
In succession, this part states all kinds of the theories related to the transfer of agricultural laborious surplus which consists of lee ' s push - pull theory, mabogunjie " systematic theory of population migration model, fee and lewis " dual structural developing model, t. w. schultz ' s cost - utility model, m. p. todaro ' s model of the populations migration in urban and rural areas
接著，舉出國內外關于農業剩餘勞動力轉移的理論，主要包括李的人口遷移的推力?拉力理論、馬波昆傑的人口遷移的系統理論、劉易斯和費?拉尼斯的二元結構發展模型、舒爾茨的「成本?效益」理論、托達羅的城鄉人口遷移模型。 -
To boost urbanization effectively through the transfer of surplus labor, it is necessary to increase the marginal utility of non - agricultural income and reduce its cost ratio
要使我國農村剩餘勞動力的轉移成為城鎮化的有效推動因素，必須從提高非農收入的邊際效用、降低非農收入的成本率兩方面採取措施。 -
5 in light of the market economy and enterprises management system, the transfer of the toll roads from utility tolling surplus for paying back the bank loans to enterprise tolling for making profits is the fundamental prerequisite to realize the pluralism of the investors and the varieties of channels to raise money, so that it is helpful to the hightway construction and to improve the ability of investing and financing management
5 、運用市場經濟、企業管理機制，將事業性收費還貸管理的收費公路改制為經營性收費公路，是實現公路投資主體多元化、籌資渠道多樣化基礎性條件，可進一步增強公路建設、投融資管理和融資能力。
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