償付函數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [chángfùhánshǔ]
償付函數
英文
recourse function-
The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate
論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。The contractor shall ensure that the guarantee is valid and enforceable until the advance payment has been repaid, but its amount may be progressively reduced by the amount repaid by the contractor as indicated in the payment certificates
在預付款完全償還之前，承包商應保證該銀行預付款保函一直有效，但該銀行預付款保函的總額應隨承包商在期中支付證書中所償還的數額逐步沖銷而降低。No exhibitor shall have the right to compensation for damages suffered by reason of change in booth allocation or of alterations to a booth after booth confirmation has been issued ; provided, that an exhibitor may withdraw its participation should the organizer offer a booth area less than fifty ( 50 ) percent of the sq metressq footage set forth in the booth confirmation, in such circumstances the deposit ( s ) paid will be refunded
任何參展商均無權要求賠償因攤位確認函發出后的攤位分配變更或攤位變更而造成的任何損害；然而，如果組織者提供的攤位面積不足攤位確認函中表明的總平方米數的百分之五十（ 50 % ） ，參展商可以撤回參展，在這種情況下，已支付的保證金將予退還。
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