參與性觀察 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shēnyǔxìngguānchá]
參與性觀察 英文
participant observation
  • 參 : 參構詞成分。
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 察 : Ⅰ動詞（仔細看; 調查） examine; observe; look into; scrutinize Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 觀察 : observe; watch; survey; observation; inspection; review; viewing; examine; outsight; overlook; ap...
  1. In fact, lukas gained a very important theoretic instinct that there was an analogue between the philosophical development ways of young hegel and young marx, but he couldn ' t exercise correctly the instinct, furthermore took improperly young marxian development of thought and some commentaries abstracted from marx ' s 1844 manuscripts as a reference by which the formation and essence of phenomenology of spirit were evaluated, so drew some confessional or illiberal conclusions

    由於他未能恰當處理自己關于青年黑格爾與青年馬克思在哲學思想發展方式上具有類似性這個重要的理論直覺，不自覺地把青年馬克思的思想發展過程以及《 1844年經濟學哲學手稿》中的某些評論，當作觀察、評判《精神現象學》的形成與本質的參照系，從而不可避免地出現了一些混淆與偏差。
  2. Based on the rent - seeking theory and theory of relation between government and market, the thesis studies the rent - seeking activities, their macroscopical and microcosmic backgrounds, the rent - creating mechanism, and the performance by the principals of security offering, agency, investing, and government, then analyzed their origin and influence and concluded the countermeasures. the framework of this thesis is as follows : chapter 1 is the pandect, mainly about the issues, the train of thought, the hypothesis, and the methodology ; chapter 2 is the academic groundwork, introducing the theories on rent - seeking, the development of relation between government and market, and security market ; chapter 3 studies the macroscopical and microcosmie backgrounds of the rent - seeking activities in chinese security market ; chapter 4 studies the rent - creating mechanism, which premise the activities ; chapter 5 analyzes the performance and characteristics of the activities. ; chapter 6 studies the origin and influence of the rent - seeking activities, probes into their deep roots, and reveals the harms from the activities through investigation in the resource lavishment and impact on the security market and the whole society, which come in the wake of rent - seeking ; chapter 7 gives the conclusions and countermeasures

    本文研究結構如下：第一章為總論，主要介紹了研究的問題、思路、假設和方法；第二章為研究的理論基礎，介紹了尋租理論、政府與市場關系理論的演變以及證券市場的基本理論；第三章考察了中國證券市場尋租活動的宏觀和微觀經濟背景，為研究證券市場尋租行為作了鋪墊；第四章研究了證券市場租金產生的機制亦即創租機制，它是尋租活動存在的邏輯前提；第五章則從證券市場不同參與者的角度具體分析了尋租活動的表現和特點；第六章研究了證券市場尋租活動的原因和影響，探討了證券市場尋租問題所產生的深層次和一般性的原因並從尋租活動本身造成的資源浪費、對證券市場的影響和對整個社會的影響三個方面闡述了尋租活動的危害；第七章得出了研究結論並提出了解決尋租問題的對策思路。
  3. The data for my thesis was collected during a collaborative action research project in which i worked with one teacher in a rural primary school of a minority poverty area in northwest china. we used methods of participant observation, in - depth interviews and object collection to trace the process of the implementation of research - based learning on the part of both the teachers and the students

    本研究選擇西北少數民族貧困地區的一所農村小學，與當地的一位教師組成協同行動研究小組，運用參與式觀察、訪談、實物收集等多種方法，對教師與學生開展研究性學習活動的過程進行追蹤。
  4. The process of participant observation and the field notes being taken into the frame of academic thinking, the dissertation will analyze the lingual and non - lingual communication, cultural conception and cultural identification, as well as the features of human nature when civilized, in the clues of language, culture and education. it also compares the changeable and unchangeable modalities, surface discontinuity and deep discontinuity

    為了使在學校內外的參與觀察過程和田野筆記方便納入筆者的學術思維框架，本論文將在語言、文化和教育的三條線索之中，以大量實例和分析說明日本人在語言與非語言交流、文化的理念與認同、以及人性及其教化的特徵。
  5. This thesis uses combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, and combines questionnaire survey, participant observation and depth interview. in the range of a community, it describes specifically transformation of local people ' s producing and living patterns, changes of their ideology, customs and habits, social transformation and cultural adaptation in their migration experience, and keeping of community cohesion. then it sums up laws in eco - migration

    與以往的研究不同，本文採用定性研究和定量研究相結合的方法，將問卷調查、參與觀察和深度訪談相結合，在一個社區范圍內，對移民搬遷后，人們的生產生活方式的轉變、思想意識和風俗習慣的變化、移民所經歷的社會變遷和文化適應、社區凝聚力的維持等進行詳細論述進而總結規律。
  6. It highlights as well how in most cases such a form of social agency is later thwarted by the patrilineal rule of marital house hold as well as the strict immigration regulation concerning their citizen ' s rights

    這篇論文引用深度訪談和參與觀察的田野調查資料，試圖說明年輕一代的大陸新娘多基於渴望現代性的想像故而與臺籍配偶結縭，但此想像初受挫在臺婚姻家戶的父系傳承規范，復因國家有關這些女性的公民身分規定，故而強化了剝削她們社會能動性的合法性。
  7. Methods : hyperosmotic pressure animal model was established by administering 3 % sodium chloride as drinking water to rats or increasing osmotic pressure of the culture medium. osmoregulation positions in the brain, reciprocal projection pathways between the medullary visceral zone ( mvz ) and supraoptic nucleus ( son ) or hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ( pvn ), oscillation of intracellular calcium in cultured neurons and astrocytes were studied by means of anti - fos, glial fibrillary acidic protein ( gfap ), tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) or vasopressin ( vp ) multiple imrnunohistochemical staining, immuno - electronic microscope, wga - hrp retrogradely tracing and cell culture methods. results : ( 1 ) fos positive neurons within the mvz, parabrachial nuclei, locus ceruleus, pvn, son, subfomical organ increased markedly

    方法：通過給予大鼠飲用3氯化鈉或提高培養基滲透壓濃度的方法復制高滲刺激模型，主要採用抗fos 、膠質原纖維酸性蛋白（ gfap ）和酪氨酸羥化酶（ th ） （或加壓素? vp ）免疫組織化學多重染色、免疫電鏡、 wga - hrp束路追蹤結合免疫組織化學多重染色、細胞培養等實驗方法，系統觀察了中樞參與滲透壓反射的調控部位、下丘腦視上核（ son ）神經元? ast超微結構的變化、延髓內臟帶（ mvz ）和son及下丘腦室旁核（ pvn ）之間往返投射通路和神經元的性質及其與ast的關系、培養神經元和ast內鈣波的變化。
  8. However according to the view of acoustics, click includes mixed frequencies, so further studies are necessary to investigate the physiological significance of amygdaloid modulating effect on the ascending auditory information at the cortical level. in this paper we firstly observe the characteristics of the acoustic response of neurons in a - i evoked by pure tone ; then investigate the influence of la stimulation on the acoustic response of these neurons and the physiological significance of such influence ; revea l the neural pathway mediating this effect with the neurohistological method ; and study the neurotransmitter and its receptor participating in this effect

    本文採用電生理學方法考察大鼠皮層a區神經元純音反應特徵，觀察杏仁外側核（ la ）對a區神經元聲反應的影響，運用神經組織學方法揭示介導這一影響的神經環路，採用多管微電極記錄結合微電泳技術的方法研究參與這種影響的神經遞質及受體，進一步探討了這種調制性影響的生理學意義。
  9. Generating knowledge ranges from an objective reality, accurately measured and observed phenomena, typically revealed by quantitative techniques ( an analytical approach ) over a systems approach operating with " an objective ( or at least objectively accessible ) reality, consisting of wholes, the outstanding characteristic of which is synergy " ( arbnor and bjerke, 1997 ) to a socially constructed reality based on perceptions, interpretations and actions of different actors

    產生來自一個客觀真實的知識范圍，正確地評估而且觀察現象，典型地透露出由定量技術在用"一個客觀現實，由全體構成，協同作用的重要特性"的方法操作一個系統上，到社會上構成真實的基礎看法，不同的參與者關于解釋和行動。
  10. Thus, studies on change of inflammatory cytokines receptors expressions in the brains of immune model animals have important significance for revealing the nuclei and cells participating neuroimmunomodulation

    因而，觀察免疫模型動物腦內炎性細胞因子受體表達的變化對揭示腦內參與免疫調控的核團和細胞具有重要的意義。
  11. According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

    本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。
  12. 2004 “ research on the yunnanese jade trade between burma and thailand, 1960s to 1980s. ” asia - pacific forum, no. 23, pp. 193 - 201

    2003從旅行到田野研究：談田野調查與參與觀察，質性研究方法與資料分析，齊力、林本炫編。嘉義：南華大學教育社會學研究所。頁73 - 93 。
  13. Chemical industry information not merely embodyed the ordinary chemistry information substance, chemistry manufacture technological process and representative installation introduction are still have, in case contacing legal institutions sulphuric acid ? nitric acid industry system law ( ammonia oxidate law ), synthetic ammonia industry, chlorine and caustic soda are manufacture to electrolysis salt water, along with electrogilding, refine aluminium, iron - smelting and steel - smelting, cement and glass manufacture summarized account, the mineral oil is refined, hence, the chemical industry information education is contrastd against the ordinary chemistry information education, proper such representative means, be living, the means interpreted is in speech oridinarily wholly adoptd in the chemical industry information education, now most of tutors also is adopt the means interpreted in speech, cause that the chemical industry information education is insipid like this, student lack interest to chemical industry information study, but as a result of value the pair foundation, light practice, student may say the become a mere formality to chemical industry information study o since multi - med

    化工知識不僅包含了一般化學知識的內容，還帶有化學生產工藝流程及典型設備的介紹，如接觸法制硫酸，硝酸的工業製法（氨氧化法） ，合成氨工業，電解食鹽水製造氯氣和燒堿，以及電鍍、煉鋁、煉鐵和煉鋼，水泥和玻璃的生產簡介，石油的煉制等，因此，化工知識教學與一般化學知識教學相比，應有其典型的方法。在過去，化工知識的教學一般都採用口頭講解的方法，現在大多數教師也是採用口頭講解的方法，這樣使得化工知識的教學乏味，學生對化工知識的學習缺乏興趣，又因重視雙基，輕實踐，學生對化工知識的學習可以說流於形式。由於多媒體的輔助教學的高效性、形象直觀性、新穎性和多樣性、人工模擬等特點，很適合化工知識的教學，應用多媒體教學化工知識可以解決目前存在的諸多問題，如：模型短缺、組織參觀活動困難、教育經費不足、學生不易觀察等。
  14. Efficacy of matrine combined with astragalus injection in chronic hepatitis b

    苦參素與黃芪注射液聯合治療慢性乙肝療效觀察
  15. Regarding fieldwork, the author thought : it has the vital significance to the anthropology research, but also has certain limitation, this article discusses to carry on the concrete elaboration participates and interview in the observation, emic and etic interpretive method, cultural relativism theory from three aspects

    對於田野調查，筆者認為：它對人類學研究具有重要的意義，但也存在一定的局限性，本文從參與觀察、主位解釋法、文化相對主義論三方面進行具體闡述。
  16. Effect of bone marrow cells in the recovery of acute tubular necrosis due to glycerine in mice

    骨髓細胞參與甘油引起的小鼠急性腎小管壞死修復的實驗觀察
  17. Basically, the predicted cavitation phenomena coincides with those observed in the experiment for a corresponding model turbine, it indicates that the simulation can provide reference for the cavitation performance prediction of other turbines

    數值預測的空化流動現象與模型水輪機空化試驗中所觀察到的現象基本一致，說明數值模擬結果可為水輪機的空化性能預測提供參考。
  18. Objective : this empirical study was undertaken three to six months after the 921 chi - chi earthquake to evaluate the difference of psychosocial reactions to traumatic event between female and male adult survivors

    摘要目的：本文以研究者長期參與災后心理重建的田野觀察紀錄、實徵資料?集，以及既有文獻的交叉比較，嘗試勾勒九二一震災后三至六個月問，不同性別受創者的心理社會反應經驗。
  19. There are six big problems exist. first, the leaders or the chiefs of enterprises lack of the strategic views, pursue short - term interests excessively, a lot of mistaken ideas exist in training management ; second, system, mechanism and development strategy of management training remain to be perfected and further clarified ; the training is lack of systematical and standardization ; third, the content of courses is outmoded, the way lags behind, the style is blankness, especially lack ability of combination of theory and practice, lack of operating method and technology ; fourth, the system of training effectiveness feedbacks is imperfect, the system of training support is insufficient, which have hindered the transfer of training ; fifth, the individuals who under training have insufficient motivation, also have problems in after training loyalty, and to transfer the obtained knowledge into their work ; sixth, the government institutions do n ' t fulfill it ' s own responsibilities in constructing the system of management training. some training policies and managements even restrict the development of management training

    本論文根據作者的培訓實踐，並參考大量資料，通過觀察、訪問、具體案例分析等闡述了國有企業管理培訓自改革開放（ 1979年）以後的發展狀況及新形勢，完成的主要研究工作有：首先，指出了國有企業管理培訓存在的六大問題，一、國有企業經營管理者缺乏戰略眼光，過分追求短期利益，在管理培訓觀念上存在許多誤區；二、管理培訓的制度、機制及發展戰略有待進一步完善和明確，培訓工作缺乏系統化和規范化；三、教學內容陳舊，方式落後，風格單一，尤其缺少理論聯系實際能力，缺少操作的方法與技術；四、培訓效果反饋體系不健全，培訓支持系統不足，阻礙了培訓成果的轉化；五、受訓者個人接受培訓動力不足，培訓后忠誠性不足，缺乏將培訓所獲知識轉化于工作中的動力；六、政府培訓主管部門對構建管理人員培訓體系的作為不足，某些培訓政策及管理制約了企業管理培訓的發展。
  20. The fourth chapter sets views on the study of the typical cases such as the great zhongshan road plan, the city - cycling road plan, the new residential district plan, the zhongshan cemetery plan, etc. these cases to some degree involves in the earlier concepts of historical building recycle, landscape design, and residential district plan. the fifth chapter is a summary of the historical characteristics of nanjing ' s city planning and analysis of these characteristics mainly from four aspects : the first is from nanjing ' s orientation in city planning. as the capital of china at that time, nanjing ' s city planning show its particularity compared with some other cities along the long rive.,

    首先是分析南京作為近代中國首都這一特殊的城市定位決定南京有別于其他城市在城市規劃的特殊性，包括規劃政策上、規劃運作模式上、規劃實施等方面；其次是分析「西體中用」的規劃思想在南京城市規劃上的指導作用，包括西方規劃思想對城市宏觀層面的安排以及中國傳統理念在建築微觀層面的控制，並且簡要介紹一些對近代南京城市規劃活動有影響的規劃師、建築師、規劃參與者和他們的規劃思想；再次是對南京城市規劃范型的概述性研究，主要是考察對南京城市有影響的幾種城市規劃模式；最後對南京城市規劃一些特徵要素進行分析，包括土地利用規劃分析、道路系統規劃分析、綠化系統分析等。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書