受主能級 的英文怎麼說

Ii ) energies of the sputtered atoms vary mainly from several to several teens ev, with few atoms " energy relatively high ; the emitting positions of the sputtered atoms are close to the corresponding incident ions ( in the order of angstrom ) ; the sputtered atoms are emitted mainly normally, and few are slantways ; energy and angular distributions of sputtered atoms are influenced by the energies and incident directions of incident ions, but the angular distributions are not influenced by the incident energy very greatly

Ii ）濺射原子的能量一般集中在幾個到十幾個電子伏特的范圍內，在高能量區域也有所分佈，但數量很少;濺射原子的出射位置就在離子入射位置的附近（埃數量級） ;濺射原子的角度在垂直方向和斜射方向都有所分佈，但以垂直出射為主;濺射原子的能量、角度分佈受到了入射離子能量、角度的影響，但入射離子能量對濺射原子的出射角影響不大。

The conclusions indicate that trl outperformed the control group in attitude, ability, and knowledge, these two instructional forms have prominent differentiations, the research has the conclusions that : a ) trl can nurture students " attitude towards learning, enrich students " knowledge, increase their ability and making them integrating learning strategies, b ) trl can promote students " co - operative learning, make them explore actively, and it is effective to foster mutual understanding and friendship between the han nationality and the minor nationality, c ) trl can set up an learning environment to achieve students " learning aims, such as nurturing attitude, stimulating motivation, increase students " knowledge level, d ) trl is an effective way to enhance students " learning abilities, such as information - collecting, question - probing, problem - solving, e ) trl is an important way to integrate school education with social environment, to

因此在中等職業學校實施研究性學習，不但十分必要，而且完全可能，其目的在於改變學生以單純地接受教師傳授知識為主的學習方式，為學生構建了一個開放的學習環境，提供了多渠道獲取知識、並將學到的知識加以綜合應用於實踐的機會，促進他們形成積極的學習態度和良好的學習策略，培養了他們的多種社會實踐能力，以便於他們能更好地適應21世紀發展的需要。本研究以哈密地區衛生學校2001級（ 1 ）班社區醫士專業學生為實踐對象；以小組合作研究為組織形式；以課內與課外相結合為實踐途徑；以強調對所學知識、技能的實際運用，注重學習的過程和學生的實踐與體驗為實踐的總目標；以進入問題情境階段、實踐體驗階段、表達和交流階段為一般程序。

The main points of hlsip quality control includes : during the design stage, it is necessary to control the scheme comparison and optimum design, esp. the waterwork, electromechanical device and irrigation region planning, to improve the design quality and pay attention to control the long - term benefits of design results ; during construction period, the supervisor should help proprietor choose construction contractor, sign the construction contract, supervise the manufacture of equipment and strictly execute the quality control procedure to subject the construction to controlled mode ; in addition, the contractors must improve their quality self - control, maintain the notion " quality first " and insist the full process, multiway, and multi system control of construction quality

高揚程梯級提水灌溉工程質量控制的重點包括：設計階段控制好方案對比、設計優化，特別是水工建築、機電安裝、灌區規劃等多專業多目標的確定和協調，提高設計質量和深度，注重控制設計成果的長期效益；施工階段協助業主選擇好施工承包商，制定出嚴謹、完備的施工合同，搞好設備監造，嚴格執行質量控製程序，使工程施工時時處于受控狀態；同時要提高承包商的質量自控能力，堅持施工質量的全過程、多方法、多體系控制。

Considering that the characteristics of our country ' s highway tunnels are always of long spans, tabular and of various geometry, by means of thorough analysis of the different problems existed in the design of support structures of the tunnels at present, this paper pays special attention to the two key problems, optimization method of form selection of structural section of the tunnel as well as the stability and bearing capacity of the support structures, in the design of the long and large tunnel on high - class highway, introduces the simplified complex - form optimum method in the structure optimization theory, discusses the optimum design model of lining section of highway tunnel with satisfying demands in building clearance, ventilation and load conditions, puts forward an optimization method of form selection of three different kinds of lining sectional forms ( i. e. single - center circle, three - center tabular circle and three - center sharp circle ), establishes a complete set of systematic optimum design the ory and method of long and large tunnel on high - class highway, develops the corresponding computer software used on the planned xuefeng mountain highway tunnel on shaoyang to huaihua expressway in hunan province for optimization of form selections of the structural sections, and obtains a series of relatively reasonable structural design parameters

本文針對我國公路隧道多為大跨度、扁平、幾何形狀呈多樣化的特點，通過深入分析目前隧道支護結構設計中存在的各種問題，抓住高等級公路長大隧道設計中隧道結構斷面的優化選型及隧道支護結構的穩定性與承載能力兩個核心問題，引入結構優化理論中的簡易復合形優化方法，深入探討了滿足建築限界、通風條件、受力狀態約束等條件下公路隧道襯砌斷面優化設計模型，提出了三種襯砌斷面形狀（單心圓、坦三心圓和尖三心圓）的優化選型方法，建立起一套完善的高等級公路長大隧道的系統優化設計理論與方法，並開發出相應的計算機程序，用於擬建的上海至瑞麗國道主幹線湖南省邵陽至懷化高速公路雪峰山長大高速公路隧道的結構斷面優化選型，得出了一系列較為合理的支護結構設計參數。

Deep acceptor level

深受主能級

Liquefaction of saturated sands is a greatly complicated phenomenon. its generation, development and dissipation are restricted by physical property, stresscondition and boundary condition of soils. in addition, there are a lot of influencing factors such as density, structure property ， clay content, degree of saturation, gradation, hydraulic conductivity, initial stress condition and dynamic load character and so on

砂土液化是一種相當復雜的現象，它的產生、發展和消散主要由土的物理性質、受力狀態和邊界條件所制約，存在許多影響因素，例如土的密度、土的結構性、粘粒含量、飽和度、級配、透水性能以及初始應力狀態和動荷載特徵等。

The main purpose of this paper is to realize the section properties and moment capacities of profiled sheets by experimental study and academic analysis for three types of profiled metal sheets which are called u450, u860and super combination profiled metal sheets produced by shanghai baosteel metallurgical construction corporation. its main contents include : ( l ) according to " european recommendations for the testing of profiled metal sheets ", the moment capacities of 32 full - size u450 and u860simple and continuous specimens are tested. ( 2 ) using the finite element program ansys and nonlinear finite element method, the moment capacities of super combination profiled metal sheets profiled are analyzed

主要內容有： （ 1 ）依據《金屬壓型鋼板試驗歐洲建議》 ，進行了32塊1 : 1的u450 、 u860二類壓型鋼板試件簡支、連續板彎曲性能試驗研究； （ 2 ）採用有限元程序ansys對超級組合壓型鋼板受彎性能進行了非線性有限元分析，分析中考慮了大變形與幾何初缺陷，得出其荷載?撓度曲線與極限荷載p _ （ max ） ，通過截面特性與曲線斜率、極限荷載的關系式得到截面特性；並將分析結果與同濟大學試驗結果進行對比分析。

Abstract : the forced state in key parts and their lifetime, the volume of high pressure chamber and ratio of pressure, the length of high pressure stroke and pressure stability, the relations between the deformation of high pressure chamber and temperature field and pressure field for three kinds of apparatus of making synthetic diamond under high pressure and high temperature were compared in this paper. the differences of these main apparatus were analyzed according to the degree of difficulty and ease in the technique, the choice of applicability and the cost and yield of them. it was emphasized that studying and developing the large sized belt - type press should be the way to make high quality saw diamond and change the state of making middle and low quality diamond in the diamond industry of our country, catching up with the international advanced level as well

文摘:通過對高溫高壓合成金剛石3種主要裝備在關鍵部件受力狀況與使用壽命、高壓腔體積與壓力利用率、高壓沖程大小與壓力穩定性，高壓腔變形與溫場、壓場的關系等方面的比較，分析了3種主要裝備在技術難易程度、適用性選擇和投入產出比的差異；強調了我國金剛石行業要改變當前只能生產中低檔金剛石的現狀，向生產高品級鋸片級金剛石的方向發展，與國際接軌，應該走大型化兩面頂的道路。

The forced state in key parts and their lifetime, the volume of high pressure chamber and ratio of pressure, the length of high pressure stroke and pressure stability, the relations between the deformation of high pressure chamber and temperature field and pressure field for three kinds of apparatus of making synthetic diamond under high pressure and high temperature were compared in this paper. the differences of these main apparatus were analyzed according to the degree of difficulty and ease in the technique, the choice of applicability and the cost and yield of them. it was emphasized that studying and developing the large sized belt - type press should be the way to make high quality saw diamond and change the state of making middle and low quality diamond in the diamond industry of our country, catching up with the international advanced level as well

通過對高溫高壓合成金剛石3種主要裝備在關鍵部件受力狀況與使用壽命、高壓腔體積與壓力利用率、高壓沖程大小與壓力穩定性，高壓腔變形與溫場、壓場的關系等方面的比較，分析了3種主要裝備在技術難易程度、適用性選擇和投入產出比的差異；強調了我國金剛石行業要改變當前只能生產中低檔金剛石的現狀，向生產高品級鋸片級金剛石的方向發展，與國際接軌，應該走大型化兩面頂的道路。

Contraposing its characteristic of two - lever support system, this dissertation discusses the influence of stiffness ratio to the mechanics behaviors, and analyses the variety trend of the mechanics behaviors along with the change of stiffness ratio

針對巨型框架結構兩級受力體系的特點，探討了主、次框架剛度比對結構受力性能的影響，對其剛度比發生改變后，結構受力性能的變化趨勢做了深入研究。

Statistically, it makes a quantitive analysis on the evolvement of the country economic structure in xi ' an city, the economic benefit of the changes in industry structure, the effect on labor resource collacation in industry structure and the effect of the increasing income of countrymen in industry structure changes, which discloses a rule of the industry structure evolvement in country. the putting forward of the non - agriculture industry in country, especially the rapid increase in country industry will promote the rise of the country industry level for a long term. the country industry structure influences a lot the increase of the farmer ' s income which is also affected by agriculture structure and planting structure, but less. the non - agriculture industry plays a main role in the increase of farmer ' s income. for the low level of the townlization and industrialization, developing industry, construction and commercial in country is very feasible to resolve the problem of spare labors in country. it is strengthening labors transferring and reducing the modulus of labor over the infield that farmers income could be kept increasing. after a theoretical analysis and twenty years practise in the regulation of country economy structure after the reform and opening policy in xi ' an, a new thought of regulating country economy structure in xi ' an is put forward that a strategic regulation must be taken in country economy structure and the agriculture structure must be optimized. moreover, an expanding agriculture must be developed and transfer the spare labors in country effectively. so the government function during the regulation of country economy structure is transferred to : the first one, making the stress policy in the regulation of country industry structure. 2ndly, strengthening the force in regulating country industry structure ; 3rdly, making a plan on the regulation of country industry structure ; 4th promoting the optimizition and upgree of industry relying on sci - tech progress ; 5th enhancing the townlization and optimizing the country industry structure ; last one, improving the quality of labors in full scale

本文在概述經濟結構理論的基礎上，第一次系統地研究了西安市農村經濟結構調整，用數據統計的方法，定量、定性地分析了西安市農村經濟結構演變的軌跡，分析了產業結構變動的經濟效益、產業結構勞動力資源配置效應、產業結構變動的農民收入增長效應，揭示了農村產業結構演變的規律。提出農村非農產業，尤其是高速增長的農村工業，對促進農村產業水平的提升起著長?推動力的作用；農民收入增長直接受農村產業結構的影響最大，農業產業結構、種植業結構對農民收入有影響，但作用不可高估；非農產業是農民增收的主要支撐力量，解決農村余勞動力在城鎮化、工業化水平不高的情況下，切實可行的選擇是在農村發展工業、建築業、商飲業等非農產業；農民收入要保持快速增長態勢必須加大農村勞動力轉移力度，減少耕地承載勞動力的系數。通過理論分析，結合西安市改革開放后20多年的農村產業結構調整的實踐，提出了西安市農村產業結構調整的發展思路及目標、原則，明確指出了政府在農村經濟結構調整過程中的職能轉變的重要方面：一是制定農村產業結構調整的傾斜政策，二是加大對農村產業調整的投入力度，三是制定產業結構調整的規劃，四是依靠科技進步促進產業優化和升級，五是加快城鎮化過程，優化農村產業結構。

The study solves engineering problem as follows : ( 1 ) the systematic study on the historical course of xigeda strata deposit and geologic environment includes strata, lithologic characters and constitution et in the liangshan and panzhihua region. the results show that the xichang - panzhihua express way is controlled by the anninghe fault and the xigeda fault, the earthquake frequently happen in the region of pass, the different sedimentation number is more great, they effect the road building, safety in operation and structure belong road ( 2 ) because in some place the xigeda strata is foundation and roadbed, the study on the basic properties of the xigeda strata include density, moisture content plastic and liquid limit graduation. the results show that the xigeda strata is deposition in lake, the main component is mudstone and sandstone, the fine particle is main, it has some viscosity, the moisture content of mudstone is different the it of sandstone, the other property are likeness. the xigeda strata has no dilatation on total, some claystone have low and medium dilatation ; ( 3 ) the study on the basic properties of xigeda filler include the composition of matter the biggest standard dry density, the optimum moisture content the results show that xigeda filler can use as road material, it is well grade filler and admixture filler on essence, its compaction index should change in different place because the property is controlled by mudstone and sandstone that change is great in different place ; ( 4 ) the study on the xigeda filler craft used as express way roadbed, includes suitable thickness, compaction numbers and methods and equipment choice et

公路沿線廣泛分佈有昔格達地層，昔格達地層能否用作高速公路路基填料，國內沒有先例，本論文就是結合導師的科研項目，在非典期間，現場長達5個月的工作，完成了從試驗、現場施工工藝到路堤分層沉降監測等工作，是面對生產實際，認識昔格達地層的性質和其作為地基、路基和填料應用中面臨的問題進行的研究。主要的研究內容有：對攀西地區地層巖性、構造等地質環境和昔格達地層的沉積歷史過程作了系統的分析，研究表明西攀高速公路主要受安寧河斷裂和昔格達斷裂影響，通過地區地震活動頻繁，差異沉降較大，對公路建設、安全運行和沿線構築物設計有較大影響；由於昔格達地層在有些路段作為地基、有些作為路基，對其基本性質進行了研究：包括天然密度、含水量、塑液限、顆粒級配等指標的試驗研究。研究成果表明：昔格達地層為湖相沉積，主要為砂巖和泥巖，它以細粒組為主，同時粘粒的存在，使其具有一定粘性。

Ng, now a principal investigator and was involved in the investigation then, explained : " some drivers liked to work on routes closer to their residences so that their families could bring them meals during breaks. some wished to drive on routes around upmarket residential areas or commercial districts because of the refined passenger pools. the most sought - after routes were the cross - harbour - tunnel routes

曾經參與當年調查工作的首席調查主任吳炳國解釋：有些司機希望駕駛的路線鄰近自己的家，上下班方便，家人又可送飯送湯有些則喜歡行走高級住宅或商業區，因為乘客較為斯文有禮不過，最受歡迎是隧道巴士線，因為全部都是新車，行車時間短，還有半小時吃飯時間，較諸其他路線的司機只能在停站時才吃一口飯舒服得多而且更可賺超時補水。

Wto principles that stipulate and restrict their governmental demeanors. we can say that the entry into the wto is the government ' s entry. therefore, the chinese government ' s administrative system and function establishment should be stipulated and restricted by wto principles. furthermore, it is faced with various impacts and challenges brought forth by its entry into the wto. at present, various government levels should be relocate their functions in accordance with requirements of the regulations and rules of the wto in order to make the conversion and transformation successfully. in other words, they need to change from a highly centralized state power to mod erately dispersed control, from an administrative command to market dominance, from an examining and approving economy to a supervising service building an efficient protection and monitoring policy and improving the development of the economy

入世后的中國政府的行政管理體制和運行機制就要受到wto規則的規范和約束，這就是我國現有的政府職能面臨著入世帶來的種種沖擊和挑戰，為此，我國各級政府必須按wto規則中對政府職能的要求來給政府重新定位，已順利實現職能轉變和政府轉型，既由高度集權向適度分權轉變，由行政命令向市場主導轉變，由審批經濟向監管服務轉變，建立有效的符合世貿組織規則的保護和監控措施，促進經濟建設的發展。

The deluxe five - star royal mediterranean hotel is the epitome of luxury and elegance where international business and leisure travelers are pampered with stylish comforts, contemporary amenities and impeccable service. a choice of many international dinning options, which includes cantonese, western, japanese cuisine restaurants

廣州地中海國際酒店獨特的設計風格洋溢著濃郁的地中海風情，以金黃色為主色調，顯高貴典雅及皇室氣派，實為高級商旅人士下榻的最佳之選，尊貴的您能在豪華高雅的地中海國際酒店享受到頂級的貼身服務。

The development status and trend of gasoline engine oil at home and abroad are described in this paper. the tribology and lubrication characteristic and lubrication mechanism of the main tribo - pairs of gasoline engine are analyzed simply. in this paper base oil and some additives are chosen reasonably according to the lubricantions principal and a lot of data. the uniform design of experiment is used to arrange multi - level and multi - factor experiments. the stepwise technique is adopted to analyze the result. the sensitivity and compatibility among additives and the base oil are studied by a series of tests. on the basis of analyzing the low temperature capability the optimum of 15w / 40 sh gasoline engine oil is presented. at last, the property of this formulation is evaluated by comparing with the imports. the test result shows that their qualities are equivalent

本文介紹了國內外汽油機油的發展現狀以及發展趨勢，通過分析汽油機主要摩擦副的摩擦磨損特性和潤滑狀態以及汽油機對潤滑油的性能要求，在潤滑理論的指導下和參閱大量資料的基礎上，合理地選擇基礎油和添加劑。本文用均勻實驗設計安排實驗，用逐步回歸技術進行結果處理，分析了基礎油對添加劑的感受性和添加劑之間的配伍性。在重點考察汽油機油低溫性能的基礎上，提出了15w 40sh級汽油機油的優化配方。

These are the conclusions : ( 1 ) the regulation on security issuance protects the present interest of the noise traders, weakens the arbitrage power of the issuers on the primary market, creates the living space for the noise traders, and assists them to expel or assimilate the value investors on the market, and finally become the dominators of the market. ( 2 ) to improve the structure of the market investors and to develop the blue chip stocks are the important premises to realize " the highly unification of the development, standardization and tolerance of the chinese stock market ", and to realize the smooth regression of the stock prices to their real value

本文的結論是： （ 1 ）證券發行管制保護了噪聲交易者利益，削弱了一級市場發行方的套利力量，創造了噪聲交易者的生存空間，推動了噪聲交易者對價值投資人的驅逐和同化，使噪聲交易者主導市場； （ 2 ）改善投資人結構和增加大盤蘭籌股是實現中國股市「發展、規范與市場承受能力高度統一」 、以及股票價格向價值平穩回歸的重要條件。

The managers have a good opportunity coming to an agreement with the bidder firm to hold the position and the other wealth under a poor condition of supervising, which harm the interesting of the state wealth. this paper describes the course of the alienation of the state - owned listed companies, point the possibility and the way of the self - satisfied of the managers by lowering the price of the share to trade for a continuous managerial career, which low the threshold of the embezzling by the controlling shareholder. we chose 18 indexes including managerial power dimensionality, managerial independence dimensionality, managerial credit dimensionality and trade character dimensionality to describe the influenced price agreed by both sides

我們利用logistic回歸建立主體模型，分別以董事長、總經理和全體高管人員留任比例為因變量，以交易價格的賬面溢價和由市價和行業平均市凈率推算出的市場溢價為主要考察對象，發現國有上市公司控股權交易溢價越低，董事長和總經理留任的機會就越大，全體高管人員留任的比例也就越大;高級管理人員影響價格的能力取決于在上市公司中已經任職的時間長，並受制於董事會中外部董事的比例大小。

The major results of this study were as follows : as a whole, the status quo of subjective well - being of kindergarten teachers at work is not good ; subjective well - being of kindergarten teachers at work is correlation observably to feeling of achievement at work, to social statue of considering themselves, to status quo of feeling at work, to personal developmental opportunities afforded by organization, to personal developmental opportunities gaining themselves and so on ; kindergarten teachers who worked at different kindergarten, different relationships between men and men, their subjective well - being at work is very different ; the major reasons that they gaining subjective well - being at work as follows : praised and sustained by principals, successes at work, children who are pure in heart, praised and sustained by children ' s parents and so on ; the mayor reasons that they losing subjective well - being at work as follows : mechanism and miscellaneous of work. misunderstandings of children ' s parents, without safety and stability at work and so on ; subjective well - being of kindergarten teachers at work changes according to some rules ; all these facts contribute to gaining subjective well - being at work : positive relationships between teacher and children, aesthetic attitude to work, humanistic management, opportunities of special development and so on

主要研究結論有：從總體上來說，幼兒教師職業幸福感現狀不容樂觀；幼兒教師職業幸福感與工作成就感、自己認為的社會地位、工作感受狀況、組織提供給教師個人發展機會、教師主動獲得個人發展機會等因素之間存在顯著性相關；工作在不同級別幼兒園、不同人際關系氛圍中的幼兒園教師，其職業幸福感存在顯著性差異；幼兒教師獲得職業幸福感的主要原因有：領導的支持與肯定、工作中常能獲得成功、幼兒的天真無暇、家長的支持和肯定等；而幸福感失落的主要原因有：工作機械繁瑣、家長的不理解、工作沒有安全感和穩定感等；幼兒教師職業幸福感存在一定變化規律：積極的師幼關系、以審美的態度對待工作、人本管理、獲得專業發展機會等都有助於幼兒教師獲得職業幸福感。

Based on the general conception of holography, the author analyzes the tourism region with a holographic view of human - nature relationship, and considers, in the core, the origination, development, transformation of tourism region system is a course in which the resources system is transformed to the economic system ， to the cultural system, which demonstrates by the structure of tourism region objection system ? ? from the structure of tourism resources to the structure of tourism products ， to the structure of the tourism markets ， to the structure of tourism industries, and each step of transformation needs the input of anti - entropy from the subjection system ? ? the tourists, the tourism scholars, the tourism enterprising, the tourism media, the government and the local people who urge the region sustainable development. there are six chapters in the dissertation : in the first chapter, on the base of holographic view, the author constructs a holographic space which consists of one - dimensioned time, three - dimensioned space and multi - dimensioned system, which can supply for the study of variety and multi - perspective of tourism region subsystem, meanwhile originationable theory, fractal theory and down - to - the - earth theory are put forward as methodology, what ' s more, the author constructs the paradigm of the tourism region development as the frame of region tourism development. in the second chapter, with a holographic view, some concepts of tourism region system, both objection system and subjection system, are defined again, especially, the conception of tourism, tourist, tourism resources and tourism product, the author considers, it ' s only through information that can explain how the tourism derived and developed, what the tourist demands and utility are, and the relationship between the inner subjection system is regarded as mutuality

本論文結構共分6個部分：第一部分，從全息學的基本觀點出發，構建出由一維時間、三維空間和多維系統組成的全息空間，這為研究旅遊地域各子系統的多樣性和多角度性提供了理論的依託，並將元化思考、分形理論和紮根理論作為旅遊地域開發的主要方法論，構建出旅遊地域全息開發的思維範式，為旅遊地域的開發奠定了堅實的理論框架；第二部分，從全息角度對旅遊地域系統，包括客體系統和主體系統，進行全新的界定，尤其對旅遊活動、旅遊者、旅遊資源及旅遊產品的概念進行全新界定，認為只有從信息角度才能理解旅遊活動產生、發展以及旅遊者的需求和效用，並在旅遊地域開發關繫上提出了互為主體的觀念；第三部分，從空間角度對旅遊地域進行分析，認為旅遊地域是運動的，要素運動形成要素的結構變化，進而推動整個旅遊地域的運動，同時，旅遊地域運動還受到環境系統的制約和影響，筆者還對旅遊地域相互作用關系作了較為深入的研究，認為不同等級間和同等級間旅遊地域相互作用遵循不同的規律；第四部分，通過對旅遊地域周期理論的再認識，詳細分析了影響旅遊周期的因素，並提出旅遊地域全息周期的理想模式是logistic曲線；第五部分，筆者對旅遊地域的開發模式進行了總結，從主體角度提出了4種旅遊地域全息開發模式? ?資源主導型、學者主導型、企業媒體主導型和政府大眾主導型，並從環境系統對旅遊地域開發的影響程度出發，提出2種修正模式? ?微阻礙模式和重阻礙模式；第六部分，以安西縣為例，在全息分析安西縣旅遊地域發展狀況之後，強調旅遊產品的開發與設計是旅遊地域開發的關鍵，並運用全息的觀點對旅遊產品開發進行了實證研究。