壟斷利益 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǒngduànlìyì]
壟斷利益 英文
monopoly profit
  • 壟 : 名詞1. （耕地上培成的土埂） ridge 2. （田地分界的稍稍高起的小路） raised path between fields3. （像壟的東西） ridge-like things
  • 斷 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分成段） break; snap 2 （斷絕;隔斷） break off; cut off; stop 3 （戒除） give up; abstai...
  • 益 : Ⅰ名詞1 （好處） benefit; profit; advantage 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（有益的） beneficialⅢ動詞...
  • 壟斷 : monopolize; forestall; monopoly
  1. The us preemptive strategy, hegemonic rent - seeking and the interests of financial monopolies

    霸權尋租與壟斷財團利益
  2. The introduction by the disquisition for the antitrust regulations in this area in usa and the specific legal characteristics for the patent pool will give a helpful reference for the standard setting organizations in china

    本文對當代美國對專利池許可模式若干反壟斷規制及其體現的法律特徵作出初步的探討分析，以期對國內的眾多標準制定組織在制定專利許可模式時提供有益的借鑒。
  3. The participants may have somewhat monopoly power in some technology field which is anticompetitive in the operation of cross - license and patent pool license, that is why they should be regulated by antitrust law and in fact, many legal characteristics of them is based on the consideration of antitrust risks

    在交叉許可和專利池許可模式中，相關的多個權利所有人有可能形成在某一技術領域的壟斷地位從而限制競爭，損害他人利益和社會公共利益。事實上，專利權交叉許可和專利池許可模式在具體運作中的眾多法律特徵都是建立避免反壟斷規制風險的基礎之上的。
  4. Neelie kroes, the competition commissioner, is investigating the insurance industry for conflicts of interest, and promising to tighten the rules against state aid

    歐盟公平委員會反壟斷專員尼莉?克羅斯就其違背公眾利益的行為調查了保險行業，而且允諾為了保證嚴厲打擊政府補助而採取緊縮措施。
  5. The text is analyzing present state of electricity vocation, dissecting rootstock and manifestation of monopoly of electricity vocation, and finding cause of electricity vocation superprofit producing from analysed costs and profit and income rate

    本文從分析電力行業現狀著手，剖析電力行業壟斷的根源、表現形式，並從成本、利潤、收益率上分析電力行業超額利潤產生的原因。
  6. The primary causes of the regime shortage are the state monopoly and the state control over the education. the primary cause of the structure shortage is that the budgetary appropriations are not in favor of the compulsory education and the underdeveloped district. then this article puts forward some suggestion to alleviant these kinds of educational shortage : to raise the repay of human capital ; to initiate a system of public financial regulation ; to increase the government appropriation for education ; to relax the state control over education ; to improve the form of the financial transference expenditure, and so on

    總量性短缺的成因主要是我國人口多、經濟發展水平低，教育投資資本邊際效率遞減趨勢、教育投資預期收益相對偏低等；財政性短缺的主要成因是在國家加快推進工業化特別是優先發展重工業的戰略下，政府財政支出的重點必然傾向物質生產部門，而近二十年的財政制度創新都因利益格局的剛性只能作有限突破等；體制性短缺的成因主要是政府壟斷阻礙各類要素往教育領域的流入等；結構性短缺的成因主要是分級分權撥款體制無法保證教育投資的公平等。
  7. In this part, i analyze the reason for the benefit distribution of land expropriation in two ways : the first is the collective behavior of the involved interest groups ; the second is the economic reason

    在這里，筆者將從兩個方面來說明問題，一是從有關利益集團在交易過程中的行為趨向方面，另一個是從土地市場高度壟斷的角度來說明問題。
  8. It should exert its function to the greatest extent, including accelerating the legislation of the antitrust law, establishing the proper competition law system, participating in the international antitrust cooperation, on the basis of choosing a practical goal, which is to acquire an advantageous status in the solution of international competition affairs and obtain china ’ s own competition interests

    要充分發揮國家職能，對內盡快出臺反壟斷法，合理建構我國的反壟斷法律制度;在確立符合我國國情和競爭權益的目標的基礎上，積極參與反壟斷國際合作，包括雙邊、區域性和多邊的合作，在國際競爭事務上爭取自己的一席之地，實現我國的國際競爭利益。
  9. In macrosopic theories of foreign direct investment, author mainly describes g. damacdougall ' s international investment benefit distribution, kiyoshi kijima ' s theory of comparative superiority investment, r. aiiber ' s theory of money area, john dunning ' s theory of investment development stratege. in microsopic theories of foreign direct investment, author describes stephen herbert hymer & charles p. kindlebeger ' s toheory of monopolization - superiority, teter j. buckley & mark c. casson ' s internalization special advantage theory, raymond vernon " product circle theory, e. f. heckscher & b. ohlin " locational choice advantage theory, john dunning ' s compromise theory of international product. section 3 analyzes current enterprise intemationization theories which involves theories and model such as uppsala international model ( u - m ), cavugil ' s export behavior theory, international operation driving theory, hagg & johnson, etc. 1 enterprise intemationization network model, rogers ' s the innovating - related intemationization models ( i - m ), prahalard & doz ' s integration and reaction model, farmer, r. n

    在外國直接投資的宏觀理論中，主要論述了麥克道格爾（ g . d . a . macdougall ）的國際投資利益分配模型；小島清（ kiyoshikojima ）的比較優勢投資理論；阿利伯（ r . aliber ）的貨幣區域理論；鄧寧（ johndunning ）的投資發展階段理論；在外國直接投資的微觀理論中，重點討論了海默（ stephenherberthymer ）和金德爾伯格（ charlesp . kindlebeger ）等人的壟斷優勢理論；巴克利（ peterj . buckley ）和卡森（ markc . casson ）等人的內部化理論；弗農（ raymondvernon ）的產品周期理論；赫克歇爾（ e . f . heckscher ）和俄林（ b . ohlin ）的區位理論；鄧寧（ johndunning ）的國際生產折衷理論。
  10. So we should use the experience of developed countries, set up our own proper enterprise merger monitoring system, benefit our country ' s enterprises from the extraterritorial effect of anti - monopoly law, and actively intensify the cooperation and competition among countries

    對此，我國反壟斷法應借鑒發達國家經驗，建立起寬嚴適度的企業並購控制制度，利用反壟斷法的域外適用保護我國企業的利益，加強國際間的競爭與合作。
  11. It is pre - emptively launching generic versions of its own branded pills, which wipes out those six months of monopoly profits and undermines the economics of generics firms

    他事先預防性的發布與自己的商品名藥相對應的學名藥，這樣就消除了那六個月的壟斷利益，從而削弱了學名藥公司的經濟利益。
  12. The third part gives relevant legislation suggestions and strategies in three aspects in the light of the shortages of demurring patent tort. these suggestions and strategies are : 1 ) constitute law of anti - monopolization imitating countries that have advanced legislation of intellectual property rights to prevent patentee from abusing his rights ; 2 ) smooth the way of administrative law execution of patent and delimit properly the bounds between administrative law execution and judicial review ; 3 ) strengthen imitational communication and academic discussion in demurring patent tort and increase the strength of being in line with the world

    第三大部分是針對目前我國在專利侵權抗辯問題上存在的不足之處提出了三個方面的立法建議及對策，一是效仿知識產權立法先進國家制定一部反壟斷法，防止專利權人對其權利濫用；二是理順專利行政執法途徑，正確界定專利行政執法與司法審查之間的界限；三是加強專利侵權抗辯方面的國際交流與理論探討，加大與國際接軌的力度，充分利用國際條約，最大限度地保護我國的國家利益。
  13. Under the drive of this kind of benefits, each local government, profession section and several big business enterprises abuse the administrative power, limiting or expelling the fair competition. numerous business enterprises feel it difficult to speak their minds or dare not speak out. thus, the rights of consumers are injured hardly, the development of national economy loses its balance seriously, which of course destroys the establishment and perfection of a unified big market

    壟斷的理由多種多樣，五花八門，但究其動力來說，就是追求直接或間接的經濟利益，在這種利益驅動下，各地方政府、各行業部門以及各個規模龐大的企業集團濫用自己的地位與權力，限制和排除公平競爭，不僅使眾多企業有口難言，更是嚴重侵害了消費者的利益，破壞了社會主義市場經濟的聲譽，造成國家經濟發展的嚴重失衡，損害了統一大市場的建立與完善。
  14. By administrative monopoly, local governments are able to not only make up some costs, but also get some additional interests that will be impossible to gain in the n ew institutions system in accordance with the integrated mark system

    通過地方行政壟斷，地方政府不但可以彌補自身合理的利益損失，還可以得到新的統一市場制度條件下無法獲得的額外的經濟和政治利益，因此自身缺乏動力推動反地方行政壟斷。
  15. The legal status exploit and application of gene resources also become the point in dispute between the developed and the undeveloped. the essay holds the view that efficiency is more important than fairness, in order to encourage the company ' s investment into research and application of gene technology. our state should grant patent to gene technology, but only to discovery of gene ' s function, because excessive monopoly will make negative influence to development of research and industrial application, and do harms to justice

    就國家之間的利益關系來講，發達國家在基因挪的研究及產業應用水平遠高於娜中國家，其投資也非常巨大，所以需要通過基因序列專利來獲得壟斷敝，取得高額壟斷利潤，齪中國家由於挪橢，主貉技術引赫，因止隔望正蝴反，但缸因資源方面，阻中國家卻具有優勢敝，他們宣布擁有對本國基因資源的所有權，並以此為籌碼同發達國家進行排、對抗。
  16. A strategic move, according to schelling is “ one that influence the other person ’ s choice in a manner favorable to oneself by affecting the other person ’ s expectation on how one ’ s self will behave. ” strategic interaction among firms occurs along several dimensions : capacity, pricing, product policy and r & d. most of these involve substantial investments ; the last represents largely irreversible commitments to the industry and are an integral part of the process of establishing the firms ’ relative positions in terms of market share, costs and products

    在信息完全性的假定條件下，考慮到資產的專用性，通過對允許對手進入的斯塔克爾伯格均衡和阻止對手進入的過剩生產能力（ excesscapacity ）可置信威脅策略性行為的比較分析，數理論證了壟斷企業中存在過剩生產能力的一種可能原因，是一種特定條件下各利益主體最大化其效用時出現的相對穩定狀態。
  17. In this part, it has studied the construction of our aviation transportation through the analysis for its compressive market, the product difference, the entering and dropping out obstacle, etc. the marketing characteristic of oligarch monopoly in the aviation transportation has obviously appeared. in this condition, the aim of the government regulation should be that, to maintain the profit of the consumer, and reduce the monopoly profit. in section three, through the analysis and research work to the actual effect brought by our regulation policy, it has pointed out that this kind of government regulation has greatedly blocked the trade development

    首先，在第一部分中簡要介紹了管制的概念及有關的管制理論；在第二部分中，介紹了我國航空運輸業的發展現狀，並且通過對我國航空運輸業市場集中、產品差異、進入與退出障礙等情況的分析，對我國航空運輸市場的市場結構進行研究，指出我國航空運輸業已經呈現出明顯的寡頭壟斷市場特徵，在此種情況下，政府管制應該是以維護消費者的利益，降低企業的壟斷利潤為目標；在第三部分中，通過對我國航空運輸業政府管制政策所帶來的實際效果的分析和研究，指出我國航空運輸業的政府管制已經嚴重地阻礙了我國航空運輸業的發展；第四部分則是通過研究和借鑒國外航空運輸業管制和放鬆管制的經驗和教訓，以「有效競爭」市場作為標準，對我國航空運輸業管制改革提出一些新的思路。
  18. Hence, it is said that the legislation process essentially “ coordinates the behavior of interest subject and balances mutual interest. ” trade - secret law can be viewed as the interest distribution, legal option and conformity among monopolized interest, individual legitimate interest and social public one

    因此，有人認為商業秘密保護的立法過程實質上就是一個「協調各方利益主體的行為，平衡其相互利益關系」的過程。商業秘密法也可以被看成是在商業秘密權利人的壟斷利益與其他個體正當權益及社會公共利益之間的一種利益分配、法律選擇和整合。
  19. Using the microeconomics theory and analyses method, point out the inducement law of the monopoly advantage and the function of the information technology diffusion advantage

    摘要運用微觀經濟學有關理論及分析方法，揭示了信息技術擴散過程中壟斷利益的誘導規律以及擴散利益的作用。
  20. It should both protect and restrict trade - secret right. restriction upon trade - secret right is based on guarantee of individual legitimate interest as well as social public interest. actually, it is to achieve balance among monopolized interest, individual legitimate interest and social public one

    對商業秘密權利人的權利進行限制，是基於保障其他社會個體正當利益與社會公共利益的考慮，實際上就是為了平衡商業秘密權利人的壟斷利益與其他個體正當利益及社會公共利益之間的關系。
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