子葉下軸 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [ziyèxiàzhóu]
子葉下軸
英文
hypocotyl-
During development of the seedling, the hypocotyl forms the lower portion of the stem from the radicle up to the cotyledons.
在幼苗發育期間，下胚軸從胚根到子葉的莖的下部形成。Cytyledons and future stalk called the hypocotyl elongate.
子葉和未來稱為下胚軸的主軸延長。According to the space - tim e maturation during the development of the vessel elements in primary vascular system : the vessel elememts of the cotyledons and the lower portion of cnz formed firstly, then downward hypocotyl - root zone, at length, the vessel elememts of the upper and middle portion of cnz and epicotyl - shoot region connected with each other, the result uphold the seedling partition model that divides seedling into cnz, hypocotyl - root region and epicotyl - shoot region
根據金魚草幼苗初生維管系統導管分子發育的時空性，即子葉和子葉節區下部導管分子先形成，然後向下形成下胚軸-根區的導管分子，最後子葉節區中、上部與上胚軸-苗區的導管分子再發生連接，據此支持將幼苗分為子葉節區、下胚軸-根區和上胚軸-苗區的幼苗分區模型。The highest vt and p valt in true leaf were accompanied two hybridizable polypeptides of aox protein, 35kd and 38kd respectively. the next was cotyledon vt and p valt with only one 38kd hybridizable polypeptide of aox protein. hypocotyl vt and p valt were the lowest and its immunobloting band was similar to that of cotyledon, but the expressive amount of 38kd protein was less than that of cotyledon
綠豆幼苗不同器官的有關呼吸參數測定結果與aox表達的western分析基本一致：真葉的v _ t特別是v _ （ alt ）最高，它也具有35kd和38kd的aox的雜交多肽；其次是子葉的v _ t和v _ （ alt ） ，且在子葉中，只見一條分子量為38kd的aox多肽；下胚軸的v _ t和v _ （ alt ）都最低， western雜交顯示也只有一條分子量為38kd的多肽，而且表達量也較少。Using the young seedlings of wild type ( wt ) and four mutants ( phya, phyb, phyaphyb and hy4 ) of arabidopsis thaliana as plant materials, the effects of light quality and kinetin ( kt ) on some photomorphogenesis responses such as cotyledon enlargement, hypocotyl growth inhibition, accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin were investigated in the present study. photoreceptor functions and interaction of light and kt in the responses was examined and discussed
本文以擬南芥（ arabidopsisthaliana ）野生型（ wt ）和四種光突變體phya 、 phyb 、 phyaphyb和砂hy4為材料研究不同光質與細胞分裂素（ kt ）對幼苗子葉擴大、下胚軸伸長、葉綠素和花色素苷積累的影響，分析光受體參與的反應以及探討光與kt在調節各種反應中的相互關系。Strong and high effective mixing of swzzero gravity particle mixer can meet your demand. two mixing axles make a equal speed and reverse rotation in horizontal tube. oars on mixing axle make the materials do radial motion, circular motion and axial motion. in a short time, the particle can be stirred homoginously. nozzel on cover of tube can be used when the solid is mixed with liquid
無重力粒子混合機（以下簡稱無重力）以強烈、高效混合而來滿足用戶需求，臥式筒體內兩根攪拌軸等速反向旋轉，攪拌軸等速反旋轉，攪攔軸上特殊布置的漿葉確保物料徑向、環向、軸向三向運動，形成復合循環，在極短的時間內達到均勻混合，筒蓋上布置霧化噴嘴供你固液混合時使用。With the increase of substrate salinity, the accumulated sodium and chloride increased. as a result, all tissues had considerablly lower osmotic potentials than that of the solution on which they were grown at 60 day after planting. changes in length, dry weight, water content, ion concentrations, osomotic potential, ion content of hypocotyls during culture indicated that viviparous hypocotyls not only afforded nutrition for seedling growth, but also reserved ions, thus charged the balance of ion concentration and osmotic potential of the seedling
鹽脅迫下幼苗單株葉面積下降的程度大於光合速率的降低，葉面積的減小是導致減產的主要原因；木欖幼苗各組分中的離子濃度以及含量隨栽培時間而變化；栽培初期剛萌根時，幼苗原胚軸中的離子滲漏到培養液中；此後隨著根系的發育以及芽的生長，幼苗轉為從培養液中吸收離子，並以吸收na 、 cl離子為主。From the experimental results, conclusions of particles " trajectories can be drawn for different densities and operating conditions. three axis segments were acquired, and three operating conditions were picked to study the distribution traits of particles inside the impeller under the different quality and concentration of the particles. based on the results, local wear of pump was forecasted and protecting measures were brought forward
得到運行工況對單個粒子運動軌跡的影響以及不同密度（質量）的單個粒子運動軌跡變化規律；沿水泵葉輪軸向取三個測量斷面，分別在三種不同運行工況下，研究各個斷面間（內）粒子分佈特徵，以及粒子質量和濃度對這種分佈特徵的影響；根據實驗結果，對輸送不同固液兩相流介質時，水泵局部磨損進行了預測並提出了一些防護措施。A full mathematical model of optimal flow pattern design withengineering constraints was put forward, based on modern optimal control theory. an optimal flow pattern design was presented for optimizing meridional channel of axial flow turbine. according to integral optimization of turbine stages, a full physical model and mathematical expression were put forward for proposition of optimal flow pattern, including all performance parameters in turbine stages. this problem was further recast into a typical form control to maximize specific performance index such as work or efficiency of stage with given initial state, fixed terminal condition and constraints for part of state terminal variables. the program was also worked out according penalty function method and conjugate gradient method. the optimal distribution of c1ur1 ( r1 ) was obtained according to constraint conditions and maximized objective function
把近代最優控制論方法引入軸流透平葉片的設計，在優化的軸流透平子午通道內，建立包括透平級內所有性能參量的最優流型命題的完整的物理模型及其數學表達式，並歸化為一個在給定初始狀態、自變量終端固定、部分狀態變量終端受有約束的條件下，使級的某一性能指標（如級的功率）達到最優的最優控制問題，應用「代價函數法」及「共軛梯度法」編制計算程序，計算得到符合給定約束條件、並使目標函數取極值的最優環量分佈，結果是令人滿意的。The results showed that the vessel element did n ' t differentiate after the seeds had imbibied for 6 hours ; 6 hours after seeds germination, two loci ? ne below the middle portion of the cotyledon and the other in the lower portion of cotyledon - node zone ( cnz ) initiated the differentiation of vessel element simultaneously, then elongated towards the cotyledonary apex and hypocotyl - root region respectively ; eventually the two promoter loci began to interconnect through vessel elements
結果表明：種子吸漲6h ，未有導管分子的分化；種子萌發后6小時期間，自子葉中部偏下方和子葉節區下部的兩個位點同時啟動導管分子的分化，並分別向子葉葉尖和下胚軸-根的方向延伸；爾后，在發生兩個啟動位點之間發生導管分子的連接。S. regeneration system of mustard hypocotyls and cotyledons of 4 days and leaves of 25 days were used as transformation materials, and ms as basic medium supplying different ba ^ naa and kt concentration, we got the optimum explant adventitious bud inducing medium ( ms + 6 - ba3. 0mg / l + naa0. 2 mg / l ). among the three kinds of mustard explants. the cotyledons showed the highest adventitious bud regeneration capacity. and the regeneration capacity of leaf explantswas weaker. and the weakest of hypocotyls
芥菜高頻再生體系的建立以4天左右的葉用和莖用芥菜子葉、下胚軸和25天苗齡的芥菜無菌苗的葉片為外植體，以ms為基本培養基，通過加入不同濃度和不同組合的ba 、 naa 、 kt ，篩選到了外植體不定芽分化的最適培養基（ ms + ba3 . 0mg / l + naa0 . 1mg / l ）及生根的最適培養基（ ms + naa0 . 2mg / l ） 。6. transformation system of mustard a serials of kanamycin concentration was added to optimum medium to test the explants resistance capacity of two kinds of mustard. the transformation procedures described were derived from numerous regeneration and trasformation designed to test factors that might affect shoot regeneration, which including length of co - cultivation. those producing the best result parameters were described as below : after the mustard explants were precultured on regeneration medium for 2 days. they were inoculated with agrobacterium for 20 minutes. inoculated explants were co - cultivated for 4 days and in shadow at first 2 days. then transferred to the same medium plus 30 mg / l kanamycin and 500mg / l garb. all of them were transferred to fresh medium every 2 weeks. the kan - resistant plants were regenerated
芥菜外植體高頻遺傳轉化體系的建立在最適培養基上試驗了兩類芥菜的三種外植體對卡那黴素的敏感性、預培養天數、浸菌時間等因素的影響，建立了芥菜高頻轉基因再生體系：取生長4天的芥菜子葉、下胚軸和25天的葉片在分化培養基上（ ms + ba3 . 0mg / l + naa0 . 1mg / l ）預培養2 - 3天後，投入農桿菌菌液中浸染20分鐘，在分化培養基上暗培養2天，正常條件下培養2天後，轉入抗性培養基（ ms ba3Second, a jeffcott rotor model supported by two seals bearings in its two ends is established to simulate the shafting of simple turbines ( only short - and - straight - blades are included in the shafting ). and periodical response of the system is obtained by using the newmark method. then, the dynamic characteristics of rotor system at the certain rotate speed and the certain physic
其次，建立了一個用來模擬簡單汽輪機軸系（只含有短直葉片）的兩端用滑動軸承支撐的jeffcott轉子模型，並用newmark方法求得了系統的周期響應，根據系統的周期響應、 poincare映射圖、頻譜圖、分岔圖等，分析了系統在特定轉速及特定的轉子系統參數下的運動特徵。It showed that the induction efficiency of the resistant calli were the same among all explants of different age, but the embryos on the calli from explants of 7 days appeared earlier than those from explants 11 and 30 days. in order to compare the resistant calli induction efficiency, petioles and hypocotyls were excised from 30days aseptic seedlings to transform with pbinctbs under the same condition. the resistant calli induction efficiency of petioles was higher than those of hypocotyls. a more detailed analysis of the different types of explants showed that the number of pcr positive plants induced from petioles was higher than that from hypocotyls
在相同條件下的轉化實驗中，發現不同苗齡的外植體的抗性愈傷的誘導頻率基本相同:還進一步研究了胡蘿卜同一苗齡不同部位的抗性愈傷形成率，同時用3od苗齡（照光3周）的葉柄和下胚軸做轉化實驗，發現葉柄的抗性愈傷形成率高於下胚軸的抗性愈傷形成率，進一步的實驗發現，由葉柄誘導的苗子的陽性率高於由下胚軸誘導的苗子的陽性率，此結果和pawlicki的結論是一致的。( 1 ) plant regeneration system of cucumber contyledonary node was established. ( 1 ) the cotyledonary node was regarded as optimal explant by comparing the differentiation frequency of 3 kinds of explants ( cotyledon, cotyledonary node and hypocotyl ). ( 2 ) by discussing the effect of pgr ( naa and 6 - ba ) concentration and combination on differentiation frequency of adventitious buds, we concluded that the optimal shoot induction medium is ms basal medium with 1mg / l 6 - ba ( ph5. 8 )
（ 1 ）黃瓜子葉節植株再生建立東北農業大學理學碩士學位論文一通過對比三種外植體（于葉、子葉節、下胚軸）的分化率，得出最佳外植體類型為子葉節；通過探討pgr （ naa 、 6 ba ）濃度和配比對不定芽分化的影響，得出最佳芽誘導培養基為：卜1叭6 。The average frequency of shoot regeneration in the cms line was 30. 0 % and 2. 34 % respectively and that in maintainer line was 30. 0 % and 3. 54 % respectively. on the other hand, explants of different sections of cotyledon resulted in different shoot regeneration abilities
不育系子葉與下胚軸的平均芽再生率分別為30 . 00和2 . 34 ；而保持系的平均芽再生率分別為30 . 0和3 . 54 。It is easy to induce callus derived from hypocotyls and cotyledons, but callus derived from root tip was rather difficult to be done. the most suitable medium for callus induction was the ms medium containing ba 0. 5 mg / l and l. omg / l naa
愈傷組織的誘導與再分化的研究顯示： 「種都一號」兒菜下胚軸與子葉愈傷組織誘導較容易，但根尖很難愈傷化。分享友人