文學中的法律 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wénxuézhōngdefǎlǜ]
文學中的法律 英文
law in literature
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 文學 : literature
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  1. In this paper, ackerman steering linkage of double - wishbone suspension is taken as the study object, choosing the splitting joint and steering lever joint to carry out the design of optimization the mathematics models are established based on the multi - body system dynamics, applying its analysis method of kinematics to study the mechanism kinetic principles owing to more spatial factors considered, and calling off many hypotheses affecting the accuracy, compared with the traditional methods, the models are better to reflect the realistic motion principles, the results are more exact and applicable moreover, the force analysis is applied to the conduct mechanism the analysis method of dynamics in the multi - body dynamics is applied to study the forces applied on every component, working out the constraint reaction force of up and down ball joints, and developing the current computation program in the end, produce the upper wishbone geometry model in the ansys software package, meshing and carrying out the fea, testifying if the intensity of the wishbone meet with the requirements

    本文以雙橫臂獨立懸架的轉向傳動機構作為研究對象，選擇對斷開點和節臂球銷的位置進行優化設計，在此基礎上建立了基於多體系統動力學的導向機構和轉向傳動機構的數學模型，運用該學科的運動學分析方法研究機構的運動規律，編制了通用優化設計軟體。由於考慮了更多的空間因素，取消許多影響準確性的假設，因此建立的數學模型與傳統的方法相比更能反映實際運動規律，得到的優化結果也更加精確實用。此外，本文還針對導向機構進行受力分析，在建立該機構的空間動力學模型后，運用多體動力學中的動力學分析方法研究各個桿件的受力，計算出上下球鉸的約束反力，並開發出了相應的通用計算程序。
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. Regarding this the domestic scholar also all has the elaboration, but this article attempts from the legal economic angle carries on some policies to several important disputes. precisely because the compulsory insurance involves to many benefit disputes. exteriority, the imperfect information moral hazard question widespread make the economic perspective useful

    本文試圖從法律經濟學的角度對其中幾個重要爭議問題和制度進行一些對策性分析，而正是因為強制保險涉及到多方的利益，其中的外部性、信息不對稱、道德風險等問題廣泛存在，使得法律經濟學的分析路徑是很有效的。
  4. Liang shuming is not a legist, and he has never written any juristic work. but his law wisdom is always seen in his discussion of culture

    梁漱溟並非法學家，也無專門的法學著作問世，但他的法律智慧卻處處體現在其文化研討中。
  5. The cuhk graduate law centre which takes the entire second floor of the bank of america tower has a total area of 35, 000 sq ft. like the base of the school of law situated on the university main campus, the graduate law centre will be equipped with state - of - the - art teaching and research facilities including a moot court and computer workstations for e - learning

    香港中文大學于港島中區開設法律學院研究課程教學中心。研究課程教學中心位於中區美國銀行大廈二樓，地處香港司法、商業及金融中心。研究課程教學中心優越的地理位置，有助中大法律學院推動優質法律教育，取得市場優勢。
  6. With the rapid development of the scientific technology and the acceleration of the steps of urbanization and industrialization, the environment disruption to the natural sources done by human beings gets more and more serious. since the twentieth century, the environment problems have become more and more obvious, and the environmental crimes as well as the environmental public nuisances have happened continually, all of which have greatly threatened the human lives, the security of property, and even the social and economic development

    本文以犯罪學為視角，通過描述的方法對反國際環境犯罪的法律對策、社會對策的現狀進行了列舉，然後運用列舉、對比、概括等研究方法對打擊和預防國際環境犯罪的立法現狀、執法現狀和非法律層面的合作現狀進行了評析，並提出其中存在的問題和解決的建議。
  7. On the basis of above - mentioned analysis, this article has studied the discovery system about its subject, liabilities and content in theory. meanwhile considering the actual situation of criminal litigation in our coun try, with reference to the scientific and reasonable elements of overseas adversary systems, the article has constituted and designed a complete discovery system, including the time, place, measures, methods of discovery, the limitation, exception, the examination of disputes and the legal effect of breach of discovery system

    同時，本文結合我國刑事訴訟的特點和司法現狀，在借鑒、吸收國外當事人主義證據展示制度中科學、合理的要素基礎上，對我國證據展示的程序，包括展示的時間、地點、方法、方式，限制、例外、爭議的審查及違反證據展示制度的法律後果等作了較為全面的構建和設計。
  8. Combining with the idea of rule of law, this essay demonstrates the framework of law supervision, its characteristic and rationality, and transplants the pythagoras theorem and factorization theorem from mathematics field to the decentralization theory

    摘要本文結合法治理念來論證法律監督權的結構、特徵及其合理性，並將數學中的「畢達哥拉斯定理」或分解因式原理移植到分權理論中來。
  9. The exceptions are courses in the department of chinese, japanese language courses offered by the department of japanese studies, courses in the subjects of chinese and speech and hearing sciences offered by the faculty of education, courses in the subjects of chinese law and the use of chinese in law offered by the department of law, and courses offered by the school of chinese medicine

    語言指引除中文系的科目日本研究學系的日文課程教育學院的言語及聽覺科學課程和中文課程法律學系的中國法律課程及中醫課程外，港大所有課程均用英語教授，功課與筆試亦採用英文。
  10. The medium of instruction in the university is english, with exceptions, for example, for courses in the department of chinese, japanese language courses offered by the department of japanese studies, other language courses offered by language centre, courses in the subjects of chinese and speech and hearing sciences offered by the faculty of education, courses in the subjects of chinese law and the use of chinese in law offered by the department of law, and courses offered by the school of chinese medicine

    除中文系的科目語言研習所的其他語言課程日本研究學系的日文課程語文研習所的其他語言課程教育學院的言語及聽覺科學課程和中文課程法律學系的中國法律課程及中醫課程外，港大所有課程均用英語教授，功課與筆試亦採用英文。
  11. In our traditional juristical culture, the drawback that the substantive law has been attached more importance to than legal procedure has been all through the ages, and the design and application of the legal procedure has been received little attention

    在我國傳統的法律文化中，歷來有重實體而輕程序的積弊，程序設計和運用受到了不應有的冷落。隨著依法治國方略的提出，我國法學理論界和實務界越來越關注程序的價值。
  12. As the relationship between law and morals is directly related to the definition of the boundary of law, the problem is of great importance. to make clear the relationship between law and morals and the boundary of law, justice holmes developed the famous theory on the distinction of law and morals. in the gradation of theory, firstly, the aim of the theory on the distinction of law and morals is to make clear the boundary and the nature of law

    本文從理論層面和制度層面對霍姆斯的法律與道德分離理論進行了具體闡述，並集中考察了霍姆斯與自然法學派、分析實證法學派在法律與道德關系問題上的理論分歧，進而揭示法律與道德分離理論的哲學基礎，最後本文對霍姆斯的法律與道德分離理論的哲學基礎提出質疑，進而作出可能的批判。
  13. I, through comparing the research approach to analyze with the case, from culture, legal culture, legal changes and lead legal culture into meaning in which the economic law study set out of culture, on the basis that the theory is analyzed, particular background and reality formed and developed on the basis of the economic law, study and regard power culture and right culture as the economic law culture of two major key elements among them from the standing of angle of legal culture. from the meaning of the culture of economic law at the same time, necessity and feasibility of studying in culture of economic law, economic law characteristic modernity and national characteristic of culture, economic law culture with modern to rule by law civilized angle set about, carry on economic law analysis of culture ; secondly, certain difference exists in formulation and development of chinese and western economic law culture, the development of the culture of western economic law is shown as the cultural transition to power culture of the right rotates. with germany and historical retrospect and review, carry on real example investigate and combine western law sociology ideological trend research and western economic law culture of development, economic law of u. s. a., i inner link, the essence around the culture of eastern economic law is the power culture at the same time, its form of expression is confucian culture, the course of development is shown as the transformation to right culture of power culture, and golden mean culture is the inside information of china ' s economic law culture

    筆者從文化、法律文化、法律文化的沖突與變遷以及經濟法制度的法律文化土壤的思路進行研究，在理論分析的基礎上，基於經濟法形成與發展的特定背景與現實，闡釋經濟法以社會本位為價值取向、以權利與權力均衡為主旨、以平衡協調為內核、以人為終極關懷的內涵;經濟法文化的路徑考察由經濟法文化演進與國家角色的變遷、經濟法嬗變中的平衡協調精神、經濟法文化孕育中的社會本位思潮、經濟法文化熏陶下的經濟法制度催生四個層面展開;經濟法文化的特性表現為現代性和民族性，經濟法文化與現代法治文明的關聯涵蓋兩個方面，挖掘發揚傳統法文化中的合理因素、警惕傳統法文化中不合理因素的侵蝕;由於中西經濟法文化的產生與發展存在一定的差異，西方經濟法文化的發展表現為權利文化向權力文化的過渡轉型，筆者以德國和美國經濟法發展的歷史性回顧與反思進行實證考察並結合西方的法社會學思潮研究與西方經濟法文化的內在聯系，同時圍繞東方經濟法文化進行探析，其表現形式是儒家文化，發展的過程表現為權力文化向權利文化的轉移，其中中庸文化是中國經濟法文化的底蘊。
  14. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  15. This thesis adopts a comparative approach, making a study of the relevant legal regulations and theories both at domestic and abroad on insurable interest

    本文採用比較法學研究方法，主要比較中外有關保險利益的法律規定和理論學說。
  16. Then, by analyzing some concrete problems, the author intends to make the scholars and the legislative pay emphasis on the protection of the folklore, to lay a foundation for setting up a chinese - characterized legal system of protecting the folklore and to make the protection of the folklore become the common learning of our nation during the process of modernization of our country

    通過分析我國目前保護民間文學藝術存在的問題，作者提出一些見解，以期能引起學者和立法者對民間文學藝術保護的重視，為盡快建立起有中國特色的民間文學藝術法律保護制度奠定基礎，進而在我國的現代化建設進程中，讓民間文學藝術保護成為全民族的共識。
  17. Moreover nowadays there are practices appeared many times about the case related folk music works. therefore, it extremely had the necessity to separate the folk music works from folklore expression on the discussion. in this paper, author started from the folk music works related concept explanation, separating the folk music works from the traditional knowledge and folklore expression

    民間文學藝術表現形式豐富多彩且浩瀚無邊，但最具有代表性的是民間音樂作品，而且實踐中也出現了多次關於民間音樂作品的相關案例，所以非常有必要把民間音樂作品的法律保護單列出來進行探討，本文筆者從民間音樂作品的相關概念界定開始，將民間音樂作品從傳統知識和民間文學藝術表達中分離出來，以中西方現實中出現的相關案例為背景，分析了民間音樂作品的概念和特徵。
  18. This article is based on the comprative study of the system on legal education and the forming of legal profession community in major legal system, from the present conditions such as the weak foundation of legal education and the diversity of back ground knowledge > custom of thinku ^ institution of permitting persuing this profession and so on, in order to form the community of legal profession in china, i raise my suggestion as follows : first, we must establish the conception of forming legal profession community, foster the lofty feeling on persuing this profession and the significance feeling on persuing this mission among the community members ; second, we must reform the train model of legal education, just as promoting the stratification of legal education, standerdizing the type of legal education, scientific planning the train scheme ; third, optimizing the content of legal education, attaching importanca to the theory of law, cultivating the conception of legality and the humanities quality and the professional ethics ; forth, recommending the teaching method, on the one hand, we enrich the traditional lecture method, on the other hand, we tolerant the case method ; finally, we must continuously carry out the way of boding the unified judical examination, at the same time, i put forward some suggestions on improving the unified - examination institution

    本文在對大陸法系和英美法系主要國家的法律教育和法律職業共同體養成制度進行比較研究的基礎上，針對我國法律教育基礎薄弱、法律職業成員內部在知識背景、思維習慣及準入制度等方面參差不齊的現狀，從在目前中國社會培養法律職業共同體這一根本目標出發，提出在我國養成法律職業共同體必需在教育觀念上樹立培養共同體的意識，培養共同體成員的職業崇高敢感和歷史使命感；在培養模式上規范法律教育的類型、提升法律教育的層次、科學設計人才培養方案；在教學內容上，必須致力於培養學生優化的綜合素質，包括理論素質、法治素質、人文素質、職業道德素質等方面；在教學方法上，提倡在傳統的講授法的基礎上豐富和嫁接案例教學法；在法律職業的準入制度上，應繼續推行統一的司法考試制度，並對這一制度提出了大膽的重構設想，以期對構建法律職業共同體的養成制度具有一些借鑒意義。
  19. The paper tries to analyze movie justice, my foot, in a contemporary, competitive perspective, so as to present a novel perspective for law

    摘要從「文學中的法律」的視角，以古案今判的方式，比較分析了電影《審死官》中的法律問題。
  20. Such concrete systems as confirmation, use and remedy of right of expression of folklore are analysed in terms of economics in order to reveal its economic essence and reasonable contents, which will offer a new way and thinking for systematic design of our country ' s legal protection of expression of folklore

    從經濟學的角度對《示範法條》中的具體的民間文學表達形式的權利確認制度、權利利用制度和權利救濟制度進行分析，以揭示其經濟實質，闡明其合理之處，為我國的民間文學藝術法律保護制度設計提供一種新的視角和思路。
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